Liver & Lymph Nodes Flashcards
Normal feline liver and gallbladder
What structure determines the gastric axis?
Liver
Hepatomegaly displaces it caudally
Microhepatia displaces it cranially
What are characteristics of hepatomegaly?
Rounding or blunting of the caudoventral liver margins
Extension beyond the costal arch
Caudal (+/- medial) displacement of the gastric axis
Mild caudal displacement of stomach
Rounded margins
Caudal to costal arch
Hepatomegaly
How does the stomach become displaced with generalized hepatomegaly?
Caudally
Generalized hepatomegaly
Hepatomegaly
Caudal displacement of stomach
Hepatomegaly
Caudal displacement of stomach
Enlarged right liver
Enlarged right liver
Displacement of stomach
Focal hepatomegaly
What are the 5 rule outs for an abdominal mass?
Cyst
Hematoma
Abscess
Neoplasia
Granuloma
What are differentials for generalized hepatomegaly?
Inflammation
Endocrine hepatopthy
Steroid hepatopathy
Hepatic venous congestions (RCHF)
Lipidosis
Infiltrative disease
Neoplasia
What are differentials for focal hepatomegaly?
Neoplasia
Abscess
Granuloma
Cyst
What are differentials for microhepatia?
Chronic liver disease
Cirrhosis
PSS
Small liver
Cranial gastric axis
Small liver
Chronic hepatitis
Small liver
Chronic hepatitis
Liver mineralization
Liver mineralization
What are differentials for liver mineralization?
Choleliths
Choledoliths
Parenchymal mineralization (dystrophic mineralization of granulomas, neoplasia, abscesses)
What are differentials for intrahepatic gas?
Biliary system (linear or branching)
Portal venous system (linear or branching)
Hepatic parenchyma (small gas bubbles)
Intrahepatic gas
Probably in parenchyma
Concern for abscess or necrotic tumor
Where are the sublumbar lymph nodes located?
Ventral to caudal lumbar vertebrae
Sublumbar lymph nodes
Colon displaced ventrally
When are mesenteric lymph nodes seen?
NOT if normal
Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes