The Heart and Vessels Flashcards by D. M.

Q

In general, what is the normal size of a canine heart on a lateral view?

A

2.5- 3.5 intercostal spaces

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Q

In general, what is the normal size of a canine heart on a VD view?

A

Half to 2/3 width of thorax

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Q

In general, what is the normal size of a feline heart on a lateral view?

A

2 - 2.5 ICS

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Q

In general, what is the normal size of a feline heart on a VD view?

A

50% width of thorax

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Q

What 3 structures are at the cranial dorsal heart?

A

Right atrium
Aorta
Main pulmonary artery

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Q

What structures are located at the caudal dorsal heart?

A

Left atrium

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Q

A

Left atrial enlargement

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Q

A

Left atrial enlargement

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Q

What are the characteristics of left atrial enlargement on the lateral view?

A

“Backpack” sign: straightening of caudo-dorsal margin/caudal waist
Splitting of mainstem bronchi

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Q

What are the characteristics of left atrial enlargement on the VD/DV view?

A

Widening of mainstem bronchi - “bowlegged cowboy”
Round opacity superimposed over caudal aspect of heart
Left auricular appendage bulge at 2-3 o’clock

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Q

A

Left atrial enlargement

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Q

A

Left atrial enlargement
Left auricular bulge

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Q

What are characteristics of left ventricular enlargement?

A

Heart is tall
Bulge or rounding at 3-6 o’clock

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Q

A

Left ventricular enlargement

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Q

What are characteristics of right atrial enlargement?

A

Bulge in cranial-dorsal heart margin/at cranial waist
Bulge on VD at 9-11 o’clock

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Q

A

Right atrial enlargement
Mass - Hemangiosarcoma

Q

A

Right atrial enlargement
Mass - Hemangiosarcoma

Q

A

Right ventricular enlargement

Q

What are the characteristics of right ventricular enlargement?

A

Bulge in cranial ventral heart region on laterals
Can lift apex off sternum, increased sternal contact
Bulge at 6-9 o’clock on VD

Q

A

Right ventricular enlargement

Q

A

Right ventricular enlargement

Q

What are the characteristics of aortic arch enlargement?

A

Bulge at cranial dorsal heart
Bulge at 11-1 o’clock on VD

Q

A

Aortic arch enlargement

Q

A

Aortic arch enlargement

What are the characteristics of main pulmonary artery enlargement?

Possible bulge at cranial dorsal heart Bulge at 1 or 1-2 o'clock on VD

Main pulmonary artery enlargement

Main pulmonary artery enlargement

What is the appropriate size of the pulmonary vessels on lateral and VD views?

Lateral: cranial lobe vessels no larger than proximal 4th rib VD: caudal lobe vessels measured after first branch no larger than the 9th rib

Red = pulmonary artery Blue = pulmonary vein

Red = pulmonary artery Blue = pulmonary vein

Identify the artery, bronchus, and vein

Identify the artery and vein

Blue = vein Red = artery