Heart Failure and Acquired Heart Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathophysiology of left sided heart failure?

A

Failure of left side to push adequate blood into systemic circulation leading to back up of blood flow/pressure
High LV pressure –> high LA pressure –> high pulmonary vein pressure
Veins get distended due to hypertension leading to fluid leakage from capillaries into lungs

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2
Q

What are the radiographic findings of left sided heart failure?

A

Dilated pulmonary veins
Interstitial to alveolar pattern (caduodorsal common)

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3
Q

What disease?

A

Left sided CHF
Interstitial-alveolar pattern in lungs, worse caudodorsally

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4
Q

What disease?

A

Left sided CHF
Interstitial-alveolar pattern in lungs, worse caudodorsally

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5
Q

What is the pathophysiology of right sided congestive heart failure?

A

Systemic venous congestion due to abnormal right heart function
Blood backs up to venous circulation –> vena cava, liver, spleen –> eventually get peritoneal and pleural effusion

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6
Q

What disease?

A

Right sided CHF

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7
Q

What disease?

A

Right sided CHF

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8
Q

What disease?

A

Right sided CHF
Free fluid in abdomen, enlarged CVC, pleural effusion, R heart enlargement

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9
Q

What does mitral valve insufficiency look like on radiographs?

A

LA enlargement (red)
+/- LV enlargement (orange)
Cough can be caused by compression of left caudal lobar bronchus (yellow)

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10
Q

What does dilated cardiomyopathy look like on radiographs?

A

Generalized cardiomegaly
LA dilation
PV and PA dilation
L sided CHF or R sided CHF
Rads can be normal

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11
Q

What disease?

A

DCM
LA enlargement

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12
Q
A

DCM
LA enlargement = red
Right caudal lobar vein enlargement = purple

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13
Q

What are the radiographic findings of heartworm disease?

A

Pulmonary hypertension causes MPA enlargement (yellow), RV enlargement, pulmonary arteries large and tortuous (red)

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14
Q

What lung pattern can be seen with heartworm disease?

A

Interstitial or alveolar
Focal or multi-focal to generalized
Possible R CHF

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15
Q

What disease?

A

Heartworm disease
Diffuse interstitial pattern

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16
Q

What disease?

A

Heartworm disease

17
Q

What are the radiographic findings of pulmonary hypertension?

A

R heart enlargement
Large MPA
Large, tortuous pulmonary arteries

18
Q

What disease?

A

Pulmonary hypertension

19
Q

What disease?

A

Pulmonary hypertension

20
Q

What are the radiographic findings of HCM?

A

LA enlargement
Generalized cardiomegaly
“Valentine shape” on DV/VD (LA enlargement)
Can develop L CHF (interstitial pattern –> pleural effusion)

21
Q
A

Normal

22
Q
A

Normal

23
Q

What disease?

A

HCM
LA enlargement

24
Q

What disease?

A

HCM
LA enlargement

25
Q

What disease?

A

HCM
LA enlargement

26
Q

What disease?

A

HCM
LA enlargement

27
Q

What disease?

A

HCM

28
Q

What disease?

A

HCM
Pleural effusion + interstitial pattern

29
Q

What disease?

A

HCM

30
Q

What disease?

A

HCM with CHF

31
Q

What are the radiographic findings of pericardial effusion?

A

Variable cardiomegaly
Classic globoid appearance
Caudo-dorsal border sharp and curved (no LA bulge)

32
Q

What disease?

A

Pericardial effusion

33
Q

What are the abdominal manifestations of right heart failure?

A

Dilated CVC
Hepato-splenomegaly
Ascites

34
Q

What disease?

A

Pericardial effusion

35
Q

What disease?

A

Pericardial effusion

36
Q

What disease?

A

DCM

37
Q

What disease?

A

Pericardial effusion