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Human Anatomy 1 > Thoracic cavity > Flashcards

Thoracic cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three cavities of the thoracic cavity

A
  • mediastinum
  • left pulmonary cavity
  • right pulmonary cavity
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2
Q

Superior thoracic aperture

A
  • “thoracic outlet” (can be compressed)
    borders:
  • T1
  • 1st rib and costal cartilages
  • superior manubrium
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3
Q

inferior thoracic aperture borders

A

borders:
- T12
- ribs 11 and 12
- costal cartilages of 7-10
- xiphisternal joint

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4
Q

Pleural sac

A
  • two layers:
  • visceral pleura: covers the lung
  • parietal pleura: lines pulmonary cavity
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5
Q

Root of the lung
- what does it do and what are they

A
  • lungs attached to the mediastinum by the roots of the lung
  • bronchi, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, nerve plexuses and lymphatics
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6
Q

Hilum

A
  • wedge-shaped area on the medial lung
  • structures of root of lung pass such as pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins and bronchus
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7
Q

describe the bronchial tree

A
  • trachea divides into the left and right main bronchi
  • the left and right bronchi each divide into the lobar bronchi
  • the lobar bronchi each divide into segmental bronchi
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8
Q

Surface anatomy of the lungs both anterior and posterior

A

anterior:
- apex extends above 1st rib: lung complications can arise with neck injuries
- inferior lung extends to 7th rib anteriorly due to the diaphragm being higher anteriorly

Posterior:
- apex extends above 1st rib
- inferiorly lung extends to 10th rib due to the diaphragm being lower in the back

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9
Q

Mediastinum contents

A
  • pericardium: CT that encloses the heart
  • heart
  • roots of great vessels: ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk, superior and inferior vena cava
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10
Q

Base of the heart
- direction
- heart chambers
- great veins

A
  • quadrilateral: directed posteriorly
  • heat chamber: left atrium (has the four pulmonary veins)
  • great veins that can be seen: superior and inferior vena cava and pulmonary veins
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11
Q

Anterior surface of heart
- directed
- heart chamber
- great veins

A
  • faces sternum
  • heart chamber: right ventricle
  • pulmonary trunk can be seen as well as the bifurcation of to form the pulmonary arteries
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12
Q

Diaphragmatic surface of the heart
- seperation
- heart chambers

A
  • rests on diaphragm
  • extends from base to apex
  • separated from base by the coronary sinus
  • heart chambers: left and right ventricle
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13
Q

what are/what is the purpose of the External sulci of the heart

A
  • divisions between chambers produce external grooves sulci
  • coronary sulcus: circles the heart and separates atria from ventricles
  • anterior and posterior interventricular sulci: separate the left and right ventricles
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14
Q

Sulci- anterior surface of heart

A
  • coronary sulucs: separates atria from ventricles
  • anterior interventricular sulcus: separates left and right ventricles
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15
Q

sulci- diaphragmatic surface

A
  • posterior interventricular sulcus: separates left and right ventricles
  • coronary sulcus: separates diaphragmatic surface from the base of the heart
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16
Q

Heart - Anterior vessels that Can be seen

A
  • vena cava: empty into the right atrium
  • pulmonary trunk: divides into pulmonary arteries
17
Q

Heart posterior

A
  • base of heart
  • vena cava: empties into left atrium
  • pulmonary veins: empty into left atrium
18
Q

Valves of the heart
1. right atrium to right ventricle
2. right ventricle to pulmonary trunk
3. left atrium to left ventricle
4. left ventricle to aorta

A
  1. tricuspid
  2. pulmonary valve
  3. mitral valve
  4. aortic valve
19
Q

Coronary vasculature: right coronary artery

A
  • comes off the aortic sinuses and circle the heart in coronary sulcus
  • branches off as the marginal branch that travels to the apex
  • branches off as the posterior interventricular
20
Q

Coronary vasculature: left coronary artery

A
  • comes off the aortic sinuses and circles the heart in the coronary sulcus
  • branches off as the circumflex: under the left article
  • branches off as the anterior interventricular (very deadly if as MI occurs here) `
21
Q

Cardiac veins

A
  • coronary sinus:
  • large vein
  • travels in coronary sulcus and empties into the right atrium

Human Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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