Foot

Question 1

What is the purpose of the arches of the foot

Answer 1

absorb/distribute downward forces from standing and walking

Question 2

longitudinal arches

Answer 2

metatarsals to calcaneus
-lateral and medial
-medial is higher

Question 3

Transverse arch

Answer 3

highest at the middle cuneiform

Question 4

Plantar Aponeurosis

Answer 4

-thicken of deep fascia
-calcaneal tuberosity and then splits and forms digital bands in toes

Question 5

Short plantar ligaments

Answer 5

-short and wide
-plantar calcaneocuboid
-calcaneal tubercle
-supports calcaneuocuboid

Question 6

spring ligament

Answer 6

-plantar calcaneonavicular
-sustentaculum tali of calcaneus to navicular
-sustentaculum tali = ledge of the bone on the medial side

Question 7

long plantar

Answer 7

-superficial to short plantar
-calcaneus to cuboid
-supports the calcaneocuboid joint

Question 8

Arch support muscles

Answer 8

-tibialis anterior
-tibialis posterior
-peroneus longus

Question 9

arteries on the dorsum of the foot

Answer 9

anterior tibial artery continues down into the foot as the dosalis pedis artery
-travels between two heads of 1st dorsal interossei
- joints blood supply on the plantar surface
- arcuate artery is a branch of the dorsalis pedis artery

Question 10

arteries on the plantar surface of the foot

Answer 10

posterior tibial bifurcates into lateral/medial plantar
- lateral plantar is deep to abductor hallicus
-medial plantar is smaller and continues into the 1st toe
-deep plantar arch: lateral planta curves at the base of the 5th metatarsal and makes an arch

Question 11

Medial and lateral plantar nerves

Answer 11

tibial nerve bifurcates into medical and lateral plantar nerves
-medial plantar: small and innervates the skin anterior sole and medial 3-5 toes

Question 12

peroneal nerves

Answer 12

superficial peroneal/deep peroneal
-deep peroneal: web space 1st/2nd toes