Thigh Flashcards
Is the intercondylar fossa found on the anterior or posterior side of the femur?
Intercondylar fossa is on the posterior side of the femur
Which condyles of the femur are closest to the patellar surface?
The lateral and medial condyles are closest to the patellar surface
Which condyles of the femur are located above another set of condyles?
The lateral and medial epicondyles
Which condyles of the femur are located above another set of condyles?
The lateral and medial epicondyles
Where is the adductor tubercle found on the femur?
Just above the medial epicondyle
Where is the adductor tubercle found on the femur?
Just above the medial epicondyle
What is the area between the lateral and medial condyle on the anterior tibia called?
Anterior intercondylar area
What is the area between the lateral and medial condyle on the posterior surface of the tibia called?
Posterior intercondylar area
Where is the tibial tuberosity located on the tibia?
On the anterior side of tibia below the condyles
Why is the top of the tibia flattened?
For weightbearing, easier to increase the load
Name the ligament which attached to the tibial tuberosity
Patella ligament
Name the ligament which attached to the tibial tuberosity
Patella ligament
Is the fibula a part of the knee joint?
No!
What part of the fibula articulates with the tibia?
The apex of the fibula
Does the fibula have a head and a neck?
Yes it does!
How does the rotation of hind limbs affect which muscles are ventral and which are dorsal?
The whole leg has to rotate for the foot to be facing forwards. Means the dorsal muscles become the anterior and lateral parts of the leg and ventral muscles become the posterior and medial parts of the leg.
What is different about the rotation in the front limb and hind limb?
For the fingers of front limb to face forward it is only the forearm that rotates and pronates. However for movement to be possible the entire hindlimb has to rotate.
What compartments of the thigh are dorsal?
Anterior
What compartments of the thigh are ventral?
Posterior and Medial
What compartments of the leg are dorsal?
Anterior and Lateral
What compartments of the leg are ventral?
Posterior
How many muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
6
Name the 6 muscles that are a art of the anterior compartment of the thigh
Iliopsoas
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Which 2 large muscles make up the iliopsoas muscle?
Psoas major
Iliacus
What is the origin of iliopsoas?
Psoas major - posterior abdominal wall T12-L5
Iliacus - iliac fossa
What is the insertion of iliopsoas?
Lesser trochanter of the femur
What innervates iliopsoas?
Psoas major - Anterior rami L1,2,3
Iliacus - L2,3, branches of femoral nerve
What is the action of iliopsoas?
Flexes thigh at the hip joint
Assists with lateral rotation at hip joint
In which direction will psoas major pull the femur in a femoral neck fracture?
It will laterally rotate it
Which 4 muscles in the anterior compartment of thigh make up quadriceps femoris tendon?
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Rectus femoris
What is the origin of vastus medialis?
Medial part of intertrochanteric line, linea aspera
What is the insertion of vastus medialis?
Quadricep femoris tendon
What innervates vastus medialis?
Femoral nerve L2,3,4
What is the action of vastus medialis?
Extends leg at the knee
What is the origin of vastus intermedius?
Upper 2/3rds of anterior and lateral femur
What is the insertion of vastus intermedius?
Quadriceps femoris tendon
What innervates vastus intermedius?
Femoral nerve L2,3,4
What is the action of vastus intermedius?
Extends the leg at the knee
What is the origin of vastus lateralis?
Lateral intertrochanteric line, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera
What is the insertion of vastus lateralis?
Quadriceps femoris tendon
What innervates vastus lateralis?
Femoral nerve L2,3,4
What is the actions of vastus lateralis?
Extends the leg at the knee
What is the origin of rectus femoris?
Anterior inferior iliac spine - straight head
Ilium above the acetabulum - reflected head
What is the insertion of rectus femoris?
Quadriceps femoris tendon
What innervates the rectus femoris?
Femoral nerve L2,3,4
What is the action of rectus femoris?
Extend the leg at the knee and flexes the thigh at the hip
What is the action of rectus femoris?
Extend the leg at the knee and flexes the thigh at the hip
Which nerve roots of the femoral nerve are a min part of the quadricep femoris tendon?
L3,4
Where does the quadriceps femoris tendon insert?
Onto the patella
What is the origin of sartorius?
Anterior superior iliac spine
What is the insertion of sartorius?
Medial surface of tibia
What innervates sartorius?
Femoral nerve L2,3
What is the action of sartorius?
Flexion, abduction, lateral rotation of hip joint
Flexion on knee joint
What is the origin of pectineus?
Pectineal line on pubis
What is the insertion of pectineus?
Lesser trochanter to the linea aspera on posterior femur
What is the innervation of pectineus?
Femoral nerve
What is the action of pectineus?
Adduction and flexion at hip joint
Which muscle from anterior compartment of thigh is more superficial?
Sartorius
Which is the longest muscle in the body?
Sartorius
Which muscle in the anterior compartment of thigh forms the base of the femoral triangle?
Pectineus
Which reflex is used to test the integrity of nerve roots L3 + 4?
Tendon jerk reflex
What is the posterior compartment of the thigh also known as?
The hamstrings
Name the 3 muscle that make up the ‘hamstrings’?
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Name the 3 muscle that make up the ‘hamstrings’?
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Which is more superficial, vastus intermedius or vastus medialis?
Vastus medialis is more superficial than vastus intermedius