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Anatomy Y2 > Arm, Elbow and Cubital Fossa > Flashcards

Arm, Elbow and Cubital Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the biceps brachii?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula - long head
Coracoid process - short head

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2
Q

What is the insertion of biceps brachii?

A

Radial tuberosity

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3
Q

What innervates the biceps brachii?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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4
Q

What is the action of biceps brachii?

A

Flexion of arm and forearm, powerful supination

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5
Q

What is the name of the connective tissue that fans out medially from the insertion tendon of the bicep?

A

Bicep aponeurosis

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6
Q

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis?

A

Coracoid process

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the coracobrachialis?

A

Medial aspect of humerus

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the coracobrachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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9
Q

What is the action of coracobrachialis?

A

Flexion and adduction of arm and shoulder

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10
Q

What condition occurs when the long head of biceps tendon is torn?

A

Popeye muscle

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11
Q

If the arm is flexed what muscle is the main supinator?

A

Biceps brachii

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12
Q

What arm is fully extended then which muscle is responsible for supination?

A

Supinator

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13
Q

What is the origin of brachialis?

A

Anterior aspect of humerus

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14
Q

What is the insertion of brachialis?

A

Ulnar tuberosity
Anterior surface of the coronoid process of ulna

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15
Q

What innervates brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve
Radial nerve

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16
Q

What is the action of brachialis?

A

Powerful flexion of forearm

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17
Q

Which anterior muscle of arm lies deep to biceps brachii?

A

Brachialis

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18
Q

How many heads of the triceps are there?

A

3 heads (medial, long, lateral)

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19
Q

What is the origin of the triceps?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula - long head
Posterior surface of humerus above radial groove - lateral head
Inferior to radial groove - medial head

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20
Q

What is the insertion of triceps?

A

Olecronon process of ulna

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21
Q

What innervates the triceps?

A

Radial nerve

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22
Q

What is the action of the triceps?

A

Extension of the arm and forearm

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23
Q

What is the action of the triceps?

A

Extension of the arm and forearm

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24
Q

Which 2 joints does the tricep cross?

A

The shoulder joint
The elbow joint

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25
Q

Which 2 structures pass between the lateral and medial head of the tricep muscles?

A

Radial nerve
Deep artery of the arm

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26
Q

What myotome is the triceps used to test?

A

C7

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27
Q

What is the name of the 2 distal ends of the humerus?

A

Lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle

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28
Q

What does the head of radius insert into?

A

Capitulum

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29
Q

What does the trochlea notch at proximal end of ulna insert into?

A

Trochlea

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30
Q

Is the trochlea of ulna able to be viewed on the posterior side of humerus?

A

Yes, the trochlea is larger than the capitulum

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31
Q

What is the the process on the ulna that inserts onto the back of humerus?

A

Olecranon process

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32
Q

What is the the process on the ulna that inserts onto the back of humerus?

A

Olecranon process

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33
Q

What is the depression in which the olecranon process inserts into on the humerus?

A

Olecranon fossa

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34
Q

What fossa does the radius fit into when the elbow joint is flexed?

A

The radial fossa

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35
Q

What fossa does the ulna fit into when the elbow is flexed?

A

The coronoid fossa

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36
Q

What fits into the radial fossa?

A

Radial tuberosity

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37
Q

What fits into the coronoid fossa?

A

Coronoid process (of ulna)

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38
Q

What inserts into the radial notch on the proximal end of ulna?

A

The head of radius

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38
Q

What inserts into the radial notch on the proximal end of ulna?

A

The head of radius

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39
Q

What part of elbow forms the pointy edge?

A

Olecranon process

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40
Q

What nerve contributes to hitting your “funny bone”?

A

Ulnar nerve

41
Q

List the 3 joints associated with the elbow joint?

A

1- Trochlea notch of ulna and humerus
2- Head of humerus and capitulum
3- Proximal radioulnar joint

42
Q

In which position is the radius and ulna crossed?

A

Supinated

42
Q

In which position is the radius and ulna crossed?

A

Supinated

43
Q

What aids the cushioning of the fossae accommodating the radius and ulna on the humerus?

A

Fat pads

44
Q

Is there are synovial membrane on the elbow joint?

A

Yes, there is !

45
Q

How many ligaments are involved in the elbow joint?

A

3

46
Q

List the 3 ligaments in the elbow joint

A

Radial collateral ligament
Ulna collateral ligament
Annular ligament

47
Q

List the 3 ligaments in the elbow joint

A

Radial collateral ligament
Ulna collateral ligament
Annular ligament

48
Q

Outline the position of radial collateral ligament

A

Spans from lateral epicondyle and blends with annular ligament of radius

49
Q

Outline the position of ulnar collateral ligament

A

Spans from medial epicondyle and attaches to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna

50
Q

Outline the position of the annular ligament

A

Loops around head of radius so it can rotate in the capitulum

51
Q

In what age group is pulled elbow more common?

A

Children

52
Q

Why are children more prone to pulled elbow?

A

The sides of the annular ligament are vertical, so if pulled then the radial head can come out of the ligament -> partial dislocation

53
Q

What is a supracondylar fracture of elbow?

A

When the shaft of humerus breaks, the main and distal end are separated

54
Q

What could happen tot he brachial artery in a supracondylar fracture?

A

It could be bowstrung and severed along the sharp ridge of the humerus

55
Q

What could happen tot he brachial artery in a supracondylar fracture?

A

It could be bowstrung and severed along the sharp ridge of the humerus

56
Q

What is epicondylitis?

A

Inflammation of the epicondyles

57
Q

What is the common name for inflammation of the lateral epicondyle?

A

Tennis elbow

58
Q

What is the common name for inflammation of the medial epicondyle?

A

Golf elbow

59
Q

What is the common name for inflammation of the medial epicondyle?

A

Golf elbow

60
Q

The longer the olecranon process, the more _____ effect of the triceps

A

Lever

61
Q

Name the main artery of the arm

A

Brachial artery

62
Q

What branch of the brachial artery supplies the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Profunda brachii

63
Q

Where does the brachial artery lie at the elbow?

A

Anterior to the elbow

64
Q

What branches does the brachial artery give off at the humerus?

A

Profunda brachii
Superior ulnar artery
Inferior ulnar artery

65
Q

What does the brachial artery divide into just below the elbow joint?

A

Radial artery
Ulnar artery

66
Q

What 2 branches does the profound brachii divide into?

A

Radial collateral artery
Middle collateral artery

67
Q

Which 2 branches of the brachial artery anastomose at the elbow?

A

Superior ulnar artery
Inferior ulnar artery

68
Q

From which artery do the recurrent radial and ulnar arteries rise from?

A

The radial and ulnar arteries

69
Q

How many interosseous arteries are there and name them

A

Anterior interosseous artery
Posterior interosseous artery
Common interosseous artery

70
Q

Which 2 veins are present in the arm?

A

Cephalic vein (lateral)
Basilic vein (medial)

71
Q

Does the cephalic vein pass over or under pectoralis minor?

A

It passes over pectoralis minor basilica vein passes over

72
Q

Outline the pathway of the musculocutaneous nerve in the arm

A

Pierces through coracobrachialis
Runs between biceps and brachialis
Terminates as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

73
Q

Which nerve innervates the whole anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

74
Q

What does the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm give sensory innervation to?

A

Distal lateral forearm

75
Q

Outline the pathway of the median nerve in the arm

A

Follows pathway of brachial artery

76
Q

What is the name of the vein that crosses over the cubital fossa?

A

Median cubital vein

77
Q

Outline the pathway of the ulnar nerve

A

Follows brachial artery proximally
Passes into the posterior compartment
At elbow joint it loops around the back of the medial epicondyle
Goes through Guyon’s Canal to the medial part of hand

78
Q

Which cord of brachial plexus is the musculocutaneous nerve from?

A

Lateral cord

79
Q

Which cord of brachial plexus is the median nerve from?

A

Medial and Lateral cord

80
Q

Which cord of the brachial plexus is the ulnar nerve from?

A

Medial cord

81
Q

Which cord of the brachial plexus is the radial nerve from?

A

Posterior cord

82
Q

Which cord of the brachial plexus is the radial nerve from?

A

Posterior cord

83
Q

Outline the pathway of the radial nerve

A

Follows profound brachii between lateral and medial tricep
Passes to anterior compartment between brachialis and brachioradialis
Passes anterior to lateral epicondyle

84
Q

How many branches does the radial nerve give off?

A

2

85
Q

Which nerve innervates all muscles of the posterior compartment and lateral part of brachialis?

A

Radial nerve

86
Q

Which nerve is prone to injury in a fracture of the shaft of humerus?

A

Radial nerve

87
Q

Which nerve is prone to injury and compression in the elbow joint?

A

Ulnar nerve

88
Q

What is the lateral border of the cubital fossa?

A

Medial border of Brachioradialis

89
Q

What is the medial border of the cubital fossa?

A

Lateral border of pronator teres

90
Q

What is the superior border of the cubital fossa?

A

Imaginary line between the epicondyles of humerus

91
Q

What is the floor of the cubital fossa?

A

Brachialis muscle

92
Q

What is the floor of the cubital fossa?

A

Brachialis muscle

93
Q

What is the roof of the cubital fossa?

A

Skin and superficial fascia

94
Q

Name the 4 structures within the cubital fossa

A

Radial nerve
Biceps tendon
Brachial artery
Median nerve

95
Q

Which structure is most lateral in the cubital fossa?

A

Bicep tendon

96
Q

Which structure is most medial in the cubital fossa?

A

Median nerve

97
Q

Which 2 structures of cubital fossa are protected within the bicipital aponeurosis?

A

Brachial artery and Median nerve

97
Q

Which 2 structures of cubital fossa are protected within the bicipital aponeurosis?

A

Brachial artery and Median nerve

98
Q

Are there any veins in the cubital fossa?

A

No, they all lie superior to cubital fossa

98
Q

How do you know if a cross section is taken near the elbow joint?

A

Humerus is flattened, ulnar nerve passes into the posterior compartment

Anatomy Y2 (18 decks)

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