Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Y2 > Hip and Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Hip and Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main areas with openings to structures within the lower limb?

A

Femoral triangle
Popliteal fossa
Tarsal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the position of the greater sciatic notch

A

The curve where the sacrum and ala of ilium join

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the position of the lesser sciatic notch

A

The curve behind the pubic tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the pectineal line?

A

The superior ridge on the superior pubic ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is the ischial spine?

A

A tubercle on the posterior side of the ischium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What forms the obturator foramen?

A

The hole formed by the ischium and pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the cartilage that joins the ilium, pubis and ischium at the acetabulum

A

Triradiate cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the 4 iliac spines involved with the iliac crest

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Posterior superior iliac spine
Posterior inferior iliac spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What separates the greater and lesser sciatic notch?

A

Ischial spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the membrane that covers most of the obturator foramen?

A

Obturator membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the gap in the obturator foramen?

A

Obturator canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the name of the joining of the inferior pubic ramus and the ischial ramus?

A

Ischiopubic ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the superior and inferior pubic ramus?

A

Superior pubic ramus attaches to the top of the pubic tubercle
Inferior pubic ramus attaches to bottom of pubic tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Shenton’s line?

A

Imaginary line between the inferior border of the superior pubic ramus and the inferomedial border of the neck of the femur. Curved shape.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Should Shenton’s line be smooth or jagged?

A

It should be a smooth curve with nothing disrupting its path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the name of the condition where an infant does not have a smooth Shenton’s line?

A

Congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name the fibrocartilage surface found on the acetabulum

A

Acetabular labrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the hyaline cartilage surface found superficial to the acetabular labrum

A

Lunate surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name the ligament that joins both ends of the lunate surface on acetabulum?

A

Transverse acetabular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the branch of the obturator artery found within the hip joint

A

Acetabular branch of the obturator artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What kind of cartilage is found on the surface head of femur?

A

Hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What kind of cartilage is found on the surface head of femur?

A

Hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What ind of membrane encloses the hip joint?

A

Synovial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Name the intracapsular ligament of hip joint

A

Ligament of head of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where does the ligament of head of femur attach?

A

Attaches to the acetabular fossa to the fovea of the femur. Encloses the acetabular branch of the obturator artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How many extra capsular ligaments of the hip joint are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Name the 3 extra capsular ligaments

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Name the 3 extra capsular ligaments

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where does the iliofemoral ligament attach?

A

ASIS to the intertrochantric line of femur. Y shaped, prevents hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where does the pubofemoral ligament attach?

A

Superior pubic rami to the intertrochantric line of femur. Triangular shoed, prevents excessive abduction and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where does the ischiofemoral ligament attach?

A

Body of ischium to the greater trochanter of femur. Spiral on posterior side, prevents excessive extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where is the greater trochanter of the femur?

A

Projection on the top anterior aspect of the femur, is angled superiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Where is the lesser trochanter of the femur?

A

Smaller projection on the posterior medial side of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the intertrochanteric line?

A

Ridge of bone that runs on anterior of femur between the greater and lesser trochanter. Quadrate tubercle is on this. After it passes lesser trochanter it becomes the pectineal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the intertrochanteric crest?

A

Extension of the intertrochanteric line, ridge between the greater and lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Name the grooved line that the pectineal line joins diagonally on the posterior side of the femur

A

Linea aspera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Name the tuberosity that is a continuation of the intertrochanteric crest?

A

Gluteal tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are the 2 types of femoral fracture that can occur to the neck of the femur?

A

Intracapsular fractures
Extrscapsular fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Which proximal femur fracture can disrupt the blood supply to the femur, causing avascular necrosis?

A

Intracapsular femur fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the name of the artery supply that would be cut off in an intracapsular proximal femur fracture?

A

Medial femoral circumflex artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Name the ligament that divides the greater sciatic foramen and lesser sciatic foramen

A

Sacrospinous ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

How many gateways are there to the lower limb?

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

List the 6 gateways to the lower limb

A

Abdominal cavity
Subinguinal space
Obturator canal
Greater sciatic foramen below piriformis muscle
Greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle
Lesser sciatic foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Name the structures that pass through the subinguinal space

A

Femoral nerve
Psoas major
Iliacus
Pectineus muscles
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymphatics
Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Name the structures that pass through the obturator canal

A

Obturator nerve
Obturator vessels

45
Q

Name the structures that pass through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle

A

Sciatic nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal artery
Inferior gluteal vein
Pudendal nerve
Inferior pudendal artery
Inferior pudendal vein
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus muscles
Nerve to quadratus fermoris and inferior gemellus muscles

46
Q

Name the structures that pass through the lesser sciatic foramen

A

Obturator internus muscle tendon
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal vessel from gluteal region to perineum

47
Q

Name the structures that pass through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle

A

Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal artery
Superior gluteal vein

48
Q

How many gluteal lines are present on the posterior side of the ala of the ilium?

A

3

49
Q

Name the 3 gluteal lines present on the posterior side of the ala of the ilium

A

Inferior gluteal line
Anterior gluteal line
Posterior gluteal line

50
Q

How many superficial gluteal muscles are there?

A

4

51
Q

Name the 4 superior gluteal muscles

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Tensor fasciae latae

52
Q

What is the origin of gluteus maximus?

A

External ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal sacrum, coccyx, sacrotubeous ligament

53
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract

54
Q

What innervates the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

55
Q

What is the action of gluteus maximus?

A

Powerful hip extensor, abducts and laterally rotates thigh, stabilises hip

56
Q

What is the origin of tensor fasciae latae?

A

Lateral iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle

57
Q

What is the insertion of tensor fasciae latae?

A

Iliotibial tract

58
Q

What innervates the tensor fasciae latae?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

59
Q

What is the action of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

Stabilises the knee and hip, helps to tense the IT band and fascia lata

60
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

Thickening of the fascia lata laterally, which encloses the tensor fasciae latae, gluteus maximus inserts onto the iliotibial tract

61
Q

What is the origin of gluteus medius?

A

External ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

61
Q

What is the origin of gluteus medius?

A

External ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

62
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus medius?

A

Greater trochanter

63
Q

What innervates the gluteus medius?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

64
Q

What is the action of gluteus medius?

A

Abducts and medially rotates femur (posterior fibres can laterally rotate)

65
Q

What is the origin of gluteus minimus?

A

External ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

66
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus minimus?

A

Greater trochanter

67
Q

What innervates gluteus minimus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

68
Q

What is the action of gluteus minimus?

A

Abducts and medially rotates femur

69
Q

Which superficial gluteal muscles help to keep the pelvis steady when standing on one leg?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus

70
Q

How many deep muscles of the hip joint are there?

A

5

71
Q

Name the 5 deep muscles of the hip joint

A

Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Quadratus femoris

72
Q

What its the origin of piriformis?

A

Anterior sacrum

73
Q

What is the insertion of piriformis?

A

Greater trochanter

74
Q

What innervates piriformis?

A

Nerve to piriformis

75
Q

What is the action of piriformis?

A

Laterally rotates (when extended) and abducts femur (when flexed)

76
Q

What is the origin of quadratus femoris?

A

Lateral aspect of ischium to ischial tuberosity

77
Q

What is the insertion of quadratus femoris?

A

Quadrate tubercle and intertrochanteric crest

78
Q

What innervates the quadratus femoris?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

79
Q

What is the action of quadratus femoris?

A

Laterally rotates femur

80
Q

What is the origin of obturator internus?

A

Obturator membrane and surrounding bones

81
Q

What is the insertion of obturator internus?

A

Greater trochanter

82
Q

What innervates obturator internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus

83
Q

What is the action of obturator internus?

A

Laterally rotates (when extended) and abducts femur (when flexed)

84
Q

What is the origin of the superior gemellus?

A

Ischial spine

85
Q

What is the insertion of superior gemellus?

A

Greater trochanter and tendon of obturator internus

86
Q

What innervates the superior gemellus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus

87
Q

What is the action of the superior gemellus?

A

Laterally rotates (when extended) and abducts femur (when flexed)

88
Q

What is the origin of the inferior gemellus?

A

Ischial tuberosity

89
Q

What is the insertion of the inferior gemellus?

A

Greater trochanter and tendon of obturator internus

90
Q

What innervates the inferior gemellus?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

91
Q

What is the action of the inferior gemellus?

A

Laterally rotates (when extended) and abducts femur (when flexed)

92
Q

Which deep muscle of the hip joint divides the gluteal region into superior and inferior regions?

A

Piriformis

92
Q

Which deep muscle of the hip joint divides the gluteal region into superior and inferior regions?

A

Piriformis

93
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve enter the gluteal region relative to the piriformis muscle?

A

Enters directly inferior to piriformis muscle

94
Q

From which major artery do the lateral and medial circumflex arteries around the hip joint rise from?

A

Femoral artery

95
Q

From which major artery do the superior and inferior gluteal artery rise from?

A

Internal iliac artery

96
Q

What is the name of the anastomoses at the hip joint?

A

Cruciate anastomoses

97
Q

Name the most important source of blood to the femoral head in adults

A

Medial circumflex artery

98
Q

Through which foramen does the superior and inferior gluteal artery pass through?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

99
Q

Which artery passes through the obturator canal?

A

Obturator artery

100
Q

From which major artery does the obturator artery rise from?

A

Internal iliac artery

101
Q

Does the obturator artery divide into anterior and posterior branches after passing through the obturator canal?

A

Yes!

102
Q

From which branch of the obturator artery does the acetabular branch that supplies the head of the femur rise from?

A

Posterior branch

103
Q

How many main lumbar nerves are there?

A

6

104
Q

Name the 6 main lumbar nerves

A

Ilioinguinal
Iliohypogastric
Genitofemoral
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Femoral
Obturator

105
Q

Name the 7 main sacral nerves

A

Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Nerve to piriformis
Sciatic nerve
Posterior femoral
Nerve to obturator internus
Nerve to quadratus femoris

106
Q

Which dorsal and ventral nerves do the sciatic nerve divide into?

A

Common fibular = Dorsal
Tibial = Ventral

107
Q

Which main nerve from the lumbosacral plexus has dorsal and ventral roots?

A

Posterior femoral nerve

108
Q

Name the 3 ventral nerves that come off the sacral plexus

A

Nerve to obturator internus
Nerve to quadratus femoris
Posterior femoral

109
Q

Name the 7 dorsal nerves that come off the lumbar and sacral plexus

A

Lateral cutaneous nerve
Femoral
Obturator
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Nerve to piriformis
Sciatic nerve

Anatomy Y2 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions