theraputic nutrition for FLUTD/FUS

Question 1

why risk of FLUTD increases w males castrated pediatrically

Answer 1

prevents urinary system from fully developing (before testosterone affects)- should wait till 6-9 mon

Question 2

first FLUTD episode usu occurs at how old

Answer 2

1-3 yrs

Question 3

factors that increase risk of FLUTD

Answer 3

pediatric castration, obesity, inactivity, persian cats

Question 4

cat breed w decreased risk of FLUTD

Answer 4

siamese

Question 5

why cats w FLUTD may have strong urine smell

Answer 5

secondary bacterial infection- some bacteria make urase enzyme that breaksdown urine/ammonia (smells)

Question 6

struvite crystals are made of

Answer 6

magnesium, ammonium, phosphate

Question 7

nutritional mgmt to treat struvite crystals

Answer 7

lower Mg, urine pH lower than 6.6, increase water intake

Question 8

recurrent FLUTD can be treated w perineal urethrostomy which is…

Answer 8

remove end of male cat’s penis, opens urethra so it cant get plugged

Question 9

struvite crystals in dogs are most common in M or F, why?

Answer 9

F; shorter urethra, bacteria travel up causing bladder infection

Question 10

causes of LUTD in dogs

Answer 10

infection or urolithiasis (urinary stones)

Question 11

how struvite stones form in dogs

Answer 11

triggered by infection-> struvite crystals glob onto pus and cells to form stones

Question 12

how to treat struvite stones in dogs

Answer 12

calculolytic diet to dissolve (several months), treat infection (antibiotics and lower urine pH), or surgery

Question 13

conditions in which calcium oxylate urolithiosis form

Answer 13

acidic urine (seen in dogs on acidifying agents to prevent struvite stones)

Question 14

crystals we may see w antifreeze poisoning

Answer 14

oxylate crytals

Question 15

why urate stones are common in dalmatians

Answer 15

unable to metabolize purines from meat proteins

Question 16

why urate stones are common in animals w vascular shunts tha bypass the liver

Answer 16

normally the portal vein takes blood from the intestinal tract -> liver (detoxifies). bypasses= unable to metabolize purines from meat proteins

Question 17

ways to treat urate stones in dogs

Answer 17

allopurinol, decrease urine pH w potassium citrate, science p/d diet (low purines) to dissolve or prevent, chronic in males-> do PU

Question 18

how a perineal urethrostomy (PU) is done in male dogs w chronic urate stones

Answer 18

make opening in scrotum area into urethra

Question 19

define enteritis

Answer 19

inflam/infect. of the stomach, small intestines, and large intestines

Question 20

dietary mgmt of GI disease

Answer 20

low fat, highly digestible, bland, low fiber diet (fiber fills them up)
purina EN (medium chain triglycerides-easier to digest), science i/d, canned instead of dry (less fiber)

Question 21

what is obstipation

Answer 21

stool v hard, bowel dilates (megacolon enlarged), backed up really far

Question 22

causes of constipation/impaction/obstipation

Answer 22

dietary indiscretion, nerve injury (peristalsis not working), low fiber diet (esp.insoluble), dehydration

Question 23

laxative examples

Answer 23

mineral oil, catalax, vaseline

Question 24

why we avoid human enema products (and use simply soap and water instead)

Answer 24

human product high in Ph

Question 25

for treating constipation we increase (soluble or insoluble fiber)?

Answer 25

insoluble (adds bulk, holds water, empties quicker)

Question 26

causes of pancreatitis

Answer 26

dietary indiscretion (fat), stress, cortisone drugs, infection/blockage of panreatic duct

Question 27

signs of pancreatitis

Answer 27

vomiting, tender cranial abdomen, fever, leukocytosis, elevated lipase, elevated amylase

Question 28

how to treat pancreatitis

Answer 28

no f 24-48hr, NPO for several days, bland low-fat diet, antibiotics