theraputic nutrition for FLUTD/FUS Flashcards
why risk of FLUTD increases w males castrated pediatrically
prevents urinary system from fully developing (before testosterone affects)- should wait till 6-9 mon
first FLUTD episode usu occurs at how old
1-3 yrs
factors that increase risk of FLUTD
pediatric castration, obesity, inactivity, persian cats
cat breed w decreased risk of FLUTD
siamese
why cats w FLUTD may have strong urine smell
secondary bacterial infection- some bacteria make urase enzyme that breaksdown urine/ammonia (smells)
struvite crystals are made of
magnesium, ammonium, phosphate
nutritional mgmt to treat struvite crystals
lower Mg, urine pH lower than 6.6, increase water intake
recurrent FLUTD can be treated w perineal urethrostomy which is…
remove end of male cat’s penis, opens urethra so it cant get plugged
struvite crystals in dogs are most common in M or F, why?
F; shorter urethra, bacteria travel up causing bladder infection
causes of LUTD in dogs
infection or urolithiasis (urinary stones)
how struvite stones form in dogs
triggered by infection-> struvite crystals glob onto pus and cells to form stones
how to treat struvite stones in dogs
calculolytic diet to dissolve (several months), treat infection (antibiotics and lower urine pH), or surgery
conditions in which calcium oxylate urolithiosis form
acidic urine (seen in dogs on acidifying agents to prevent struvite stones)
crystals we may see w antifreeze poisoning
oxylate crytals
why urate stones are common in dalmatians
unable to metabolize purines from meat proteins
why urate stones are common in animals w vascular shunts tha bypass the liver
normally the portal vein takes blood from the intestinal tract -> liver (detoxifies). bypasses= unable to metabolize purines from meat proteins
ways to treat urate stones in dogs
allopurinol, decrease urine pH w potassium citrate, science p/d diet (low purines) to dissolve or prevent, chronic in males-> do PU
how a perineal urethrostomy (PU) is done in male dogs w chronic urate stones
make opening in scrotum area into urethra
define enteritis
inflam/infect. of the stomach, small intestines, and large intestines
dietary mgmt of GI disease
low fat, highly digestible, bland, low fiber diet (fiber fills them up) purina EN (medium chain triglycerides-easier to digest), science i/d, canned instead of dry (less fiber)
what is obstipation
stool v hard, bowel dilates (megacolon enlarged), backed up really far
causes of constipation/impaction/obstipation
dietary indiscretion, nerve injury (peristalsis not working), low fiber diet (esp.insoluble), dehydration
laxative examples
mineral oil, catalax, vaseline
why we avoid human enema products (and use simply soap and water instead)
human product high in Ph
for treating constipation we increase (soluble or insoluble fiber)?
insoluble (adds bulk, holds water, empties quicker)
causes of pancreatitis
dietary indiscretion (fat), stress, cortisone drugs, infection/blockage of panreatic duct
signs of pancreatitis
vomiting, tender cranial abdomen, fever, leukocytosis, elevated lipase, elevated amylase
how to treat pancreatitis
no f 24-48hr, NPO for several days, bland low-fat diet, antibiotics
