8: Pet Foods Pt2

Question 1

grain consists of starch, germ, and bran; each of which individually provide

Answer 1

starch= energy
germ= protein and fat
bran= fiber

Question 2

what does it mean to split ingredients

Answer 2

listing several components of something rather than putting them together as the first ingredient (ex:grain)

Question 3

beet pulp is a source of

Answer 3

fiber (often firm stool)

Question 4

what is tomato pomace and what does it provide

Answer 4

by-product of tomato industry (skins, pulp, seeds), source of protein, vitamin A and B, and Fiber. increases palatability in cats

Question 5

spraying digest on to fat coated food is called

Answer 5

enrobing

Question 6

which is better source of essential fatty acids: oils or fats

Answer 6

oils

Question 7

why would feed additives be used

Answer 7

preservation, color, texture or palatability

Question 8

why we would add antioxidants as a non-nutritive additive

Answer 8

prevent fat rancidity

Question 9

what are humectants

Answer 9

non-nutritive additive that reduces water activity to make water unavailable for microbial use

Question 10

how antimicrobials work as an additive to prevent bacteria/mold

Answer 10

change pH <7 (acidic)

Question 11

palatabilty of cat food could be increased by spraying

Answer 11

acids (like phosphoric acid) onto food

Question 12

what emulsifying agent additives (stabilizers and thickeners) do

Answer 12

prevent separation of ingredients or create sauce/gravy

Question 13

additive that can reduce dust

Answer 13

mineral oil

Question 14

each AAFCO trial requires how many d/c, and what age

Answer 14

8 per trial, at least 1 yr

Question 15

how long AAFCO trials minimum must run

Answer 15

6 months (26 weeks)

Question 16

how long and at what heat we pasteurize colostrum for calves (and why?)

Answer 16

145F for 30 min, this is longer than usual and at a lower heat because too high of heat can damage the antibodies

Question 17

why we suspect that johne’s disease in ruminants and crohn’s disease in humans are linked

Answer 17

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne’s disease, it contaminates food of animal origin, MAP is consistantly found in ppl w crohn’s (both also have similiar signs, epidemiology, and pathology)

Question 18

why using melamine as a nitrogen source in sheep was found to be bad

Answer 18

produced fatal uremia in sheep due to crystals

Question 19

when diagnosing an old cat with cognitive dysfunction syndrome it is important to first

Answer 19

rule out any other issues

Question 20

t or f; uncooked food is more easily digested because it contains enzymes that cooking destroys

Answer 20

F; no all nutrients are eliminated by cooking. denatured proteins may be easier to digest. plant-based compounds more digestible when cooked. when carbs cooked, gelatinization occurs, increases digestibility

Question 21

difference between rennet and rennin

Answer 21

rennet= synthetic milk coagulant
rennin= natural milk coagulant in calves

Question 22

grain free dog food has been linked to what issue

Answer 22

heart disease- canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)