Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Practical Nutrition > Intro to Nutrition > Flashcards

Intro to Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

1 most common pet toxin

A

human prescription medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

these food items contain methylxanthines

A

chocolate, coffee, caffeine, (cacao seeds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when ingested by pets methylxanthines can cause

A

v/d, excessive thirst and urination, hyperactivity, abnormal heart rhythm, tremors, seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why avocados are harmful to dogs

A

the leaves, fruit, seed and bark contain persin . causes v/d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what animals are especially sensitive to avocado poisoning

A

birds and rodents (congestion, difficulty breathing, fluid accumulation around heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

kind of nuts dangerous to dogs

A

macadamia nuts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

grapes and raisins can cause what when ingested by pets

A

kidney failure (unknown substance causes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why yeast dough should not be ingested by pets

A

can rise and cause gas to accumulate in pets digestive system, can cause stomach or intestines to rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cooked dough can be given as treats, but it should not constitute more than __ percent of your pets daily caloric intake

A

5-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

raw meat and eggs can contain what harmful bacteria

A

salmonella or E coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

raw eggs contain avidin which is what

why is it an issue

A

an enzyme that decreases the absorption of biotin (a B vitamin)
can lead to skin and coat problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why raw bones shouldnt be given to domestic pets

A

choking hazard, injury from splinter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is xylitol? what products commonly contain it

A

artificial sweetener; gum, candy, baked goods, toothpaste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why xylitol is dangerous for pets

A

causes insulin release (as if sugar is in the blood, but there is no sugar), leads to hypoglycemia, can lead to liver failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

signs of xylitol induced hypoglycemia

A

vomiting, lethargy, loss of coordination; can progress to recumbency and seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

onions, garlic, and chives can cause what issues

A

gastrointestinal irritation, can lead to heinz body hemolytic anemia (kind of RBC damage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how onion, garlic, or chive toxicity is diagnosed

A

history, signs, microscopic confirmation of heinz bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

why pets should not consume milk

A

do not possess significant amounts of lactase (enzyme that breaks down lactose in milk) have when puppies/kittens, lose w age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

define nutrition

A

study of food and drink requirments of living organisms for growth, maintenance, reproduction, lactation, work, and disease managment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

define anthropomorphism

A

giving human characteristics to animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why it is recommended to feed animals different forms of food (wet+dry)

A

avoids food fixation (common in cats)

22
Q

animals tend to prefer; variety in food or consistency

A

consistency

23
Q

define malnutrition

A

inappropraite feeding (excess or deficient)

24
Q

excess carbs leads to

A

bloat and flatulence and weight gain

25
Q

excess fat leads to

A

obesity, diarrhea, pancreatitis

26
Q

insufficient calcium leads to

A

nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

27
Q

insufficient fat leads to

A

vitamin deficiencies (ADEK; fat helps w absorption), weight loss

28
Q

what gland in the body controls metabolism

A

thyroid

29
Q

6 basic nutrients needed for balanced diet

A 
water
minerals
vitamins
protein
carbs
fat
30
Q

which basic nutrients require no digestion prior to absorption due to small molecule size

A

water, minerals, vitamins

31
Q

difference between dietary essential and dietary nonessential

A

essential- must be in diet

non- can be made from other nutrient building blocks

32
Q

vitamin C is a dietary essential or nonessential in dogs/cats

A

non- make vitamin C from glucose in diet

33
Q

most important nutrient in diet to maintain life

A

water

34
Q

why if an animal is off-feed we should check water supply first

A

if water-deprived, food intake decreases; if food is dry, hard to wash down and go thro GI tract

35
Q

how being water deprived can lead to ketosis

A

food intake decreases, fat start entering krebs cycle

36
Q

role of water as nutrient

A

make up over 90% body, regulate body temp, rid body of toxins, facilitate metabolic functions, solvent in digestive process, major component of blood

37
Q

what is prednisone & how it affects thirst

A

cortisone drug (steroid) used for itch, increases thirst

38
Q

old or young animals usually drink more water

A

young

39
Q

kidney disease causes animal to drink (more/less)

A

more

40
Q

diabetes causes animal to drink (more/less)

A

more

41
Q

most common metals

A

iron and manganese

42
Q

naturally occurring gas that causes rotten egg smell

A

hydrogen sulfide gas (sulfur)

43
Q

how water “high in total dissolved solids (TDS)” typically occurs

A

highly mineralized waters affected by underground brines, mining, or gas drilling

44
Q

severe cases of water high in total dissolved solids symptoms

A

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance

45
Q

primary causes of hard water

A

calcium and magnesium

46
Q

what to do if giving herd of cattle hard water?

A

calculate calcium and magnesium into ration formula. Problems occur when excessive amounts of minerals given (magnesium= laxative effects)

47
Q

pH considered acidic water

A

less than 5.1

48
Q

water is considered alkaline when

A

its pH is over 9.0

49
Q

elevated nitrates in cattle water can cause

A

reproductive problems in adults, reduced gains in young, resp disease, gray-brown MM from O2 deprivation

50
Q

effects of nitrite toxicity

A

(similiar to nitrate) infertility, abortion, reduced gains and growth

51
Q

too much sulfates in water can cause

A

diarrhea, reduced milk fat, mineral imbalances

Practical Nutrition (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions