Dry Matter Determination Flashcards
how to compare foods w dfferent moisture levels
look at dry matter determinations (all ingredients except water)
how dry matter determination is done
weigh food, dry in oven, re-weigh
original weight- new weight= water lost
a 100g weighs 85 g after drying, what is the % moisture and % dry matter
15% moisture and 85%DM
if a dry food is 10% moisture it is __% DM
90%
smaller animals have ____ (increased or decreased) energy needs, why?
increased; bc fast metabolic rate
metabolic rate and energy needs increase in what physiologic conditions
pregnant, nursing, growing, working
why we should treat dogs of same litter as individuals
could have different fathers, may have different metabolic or absorption rates
what is meant by the “common sense approach” when feeding
adjust feed as needed by watching body condtion and hair coat
pros of ad lib feeding
easy, quieting effect in kennels, decreased coprophagy, allows less agressive animals to stay in group and eat
cons of ad lib feeding
may cause obesity, hard to recognize anorexia/ sickness
pros of small frequent meals (timed or restricted feeding)
better utilization, help w digestion or absorption problems (EPI, diabetes mellitus), help animals who require high energy intake (puppies, cold temp, heavy work, lactation)
most animals are ok to feed __mins 1x a day except…
10 minutes, large breed dogs (increased risk of Gastric dilation and volvulus GDV, stomach bloats up and twists)
formula for amount to feed an animal
animal’s caloric needs/ caloric density of food
digestible energy need for
small breed dogs <20#
medium-large 20-75#
giant >75#
small: 50 kcal/# per day
med-large: 35 kcal/# per day
giant: 30 kcal/# per day
energy obtained from what provides the most kcal/gram of digestible energy (carbs, fat, or protein)
fat (protein 2nd most)
neutering affects these centers in the brain that tell animal when full
satiety centers (also slows metabolism)
why we may neuter or spay calves at a young age
affects satiety centers in brain, gain weight better/faster
how to calculate carbs not listed on label
total up all other ingredient %s and subtract from 100%
how to convert kcal/ 100 grams to kcal/pounds
multiply by 454g/lb
a 50# dog needs how many kcal/day?
50 x 35 kcal/# daily= 1750 kcal/day
forumula to calculate how much of a food to feed a day
energy needed each day/ energy in food= how much to feed
ex: 1750kcal/day / 1507kcal/#= 1.16 #food per day
