Therapeutics of basal ganglia Flashcards
Where are dopaminergic cells lost from in Parkinsons Disease
Substantia Nigra
There is an imbalance between what in Parkinsons disease
Direct and indirect pathways
Is the direct pathway more or less active in Parkinson
Less
Is the thalamus excited or inhibited in Parkinsons
Inhibited
Which 2 structural abnormalities can be seen in Parkinsons
Loss of dopaminergic cells in SN
Presence of neurones of lewy bodies
What protein are Lewy bodies enriched with
alpha synuclein
What imaging process can be used to monitor dopaminergic nigral cell loss
DaT (dopamine transporter) imaging
What can transporter be labelled with in DaT
SPECT ligands
What are the features of Parkinsons disease
Frozen facial expression Flexed posure Altered gait and postural changes Difficulty in initiating and stopping movement Resting tremor Bradykinesia Rigidity
What is microphagia
Increased tendency to smaller illegible handwriting
Name some non motor features of the disease
Olfactory dysfunction Depression Psychotic symptoms Cognitive dysfunction Dementia Sleep disturbance Autonomic dysfunction
By how many years may non motor features precede the typical features
12-15 years
Name 6 genes involved/ associated with Parkinsons disease
SNCA LRRK2 GBA PARK2 PINK1 PARK7
What mutation gives the alpha synuclein protein
SNCA
Is Parkinson’s incidence and prevalence higher in men or women
Women
What does MPTP stand for
methyl-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine
What is the compound MPTP transformed into
MPP+
What does dysfunction of complex 1 of mitochondrial respiratory chain lead to
Oxidative stress
What kind of receptors are G protein coupled receptors
Dopamine receptors
What receptors are in the D1 family
D1 and D5