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BB 2 > Learning and conditioning > Flashcards

Learning and conditioning Flashcards

1
Q

Define learning

A

Any relatively permanent change in the behaviour, feelings or thoughts as consequence of a priot experience
Adaptation of individual to environement

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2
Q

Are reflexes learnt

A

No

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3
Q

What is the purpose of orientation reflexes

A

Facilitate ability to learn from our environment

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4
Q

Give an example of orientating reflexes

A

If there is a flash/ abrupt noise we turn towards source to see if we are in danger

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5
Q

What is habituation

A

Simple learning in which we tune out familiar stimuli

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6
Q

What is an instinct

A

A complex preprogrammed behaviour

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7
Q

What is classical conditioning

A

Type of learning which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a reflexive response that was originally evoked by a different stimulus

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8
Q

Define unconditioned stimulus

A

Stimulus that already elicits a response

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9
Q

What is an unconditioned response

A

A response that doesn’t have to be learnted

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10
Q

What is a conditioned stimulus

A

Previously a neutral stimulus

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11
Q

What is a conditioned response

A

Learned response elicited by conditioned stimulus

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12
Q

Name the 4 phases of classical conditioning

A

Acquisition
Extinction
Spontaneous recovery
Savings

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13
Q

What is acquisition

A

Learning phase during which a conditioned response strengthens and occurrence of response increases

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14
Q

What is extinction

A

Gradual weakening of conditioned response tendency (multiple presentation of conditioned stimulus without unconditioned stimulus)

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15
Q

What is spontaneous recover

A

Reappearance of a response that has been extinguished

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16
Q

Saving

A

Response comes back again if US and CS coupld

17
Q

Name some applications of classical conditioning

A

Advertising

Addiction

18
Q

What is counterconditioning

A

Psychological treatment based on classical conditioning

Positive association between US and CS replaced with a negative one

19
Q

What is aversion therapy

A

Patient taught to esxperience negative feelings in presence of stimulus

20
Q

Purpose of extinction procedures

A

Weaken maladaptive responses (anxiety, phobias)

21
Q

What is flooding

A

Client placed into situation inducing anxiety but where no harm can come to them

22
Q

What is operant/ instrumental conditioning

A

Learning occurs as a result of a stimuli that strengthens or weakens future engagement

23
Q

What is the ‘law of effect’

A

Behaviour is random and occasionally results in reward/ punishment

24
Q

Define operant

A

Behaviour that has some effect on environment

25
Q

What 4 reinforcement schedules can be used in operant conditioning

A

Fixed ratio
Variable ratio
Fixed interval
Variable interval

26
Q

What is meant by social learning

A

Result from observing others behaviours at its outcome

BB 2 (28 decks)

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