The Thigh & The Knee Joint (AP) Flashcards
1
Q
3 compartments of the thigh
A
- Anterior
- Medial
- Posterior
2
Q
Movements performed by the muscles in each thigh compartment
A
- A = extend lower limb at knee
- M = hip adduction
- P = extend at hip, flex at knee
3
Q
Nerves supplying each compartment of the thigh
A
- A = femoral
- M = obturator
- P = sciatic
4
Q
Thigh flexor muscles
A
- Rectus femoris
- Sartorius
- Pectineus
- Iliacus
- Psoas
5
Q
What is a sesamoid bone?
A
Bone embedded in a muscle/tendon
6
Q
What type of joint is the knee?
A
Hinge synovial
7
Q
What do the menisci of the knee do?
A
- Shock absorbers
- Stabilise knee by cushioning
- Lubricate/reduce friction
8
Q
Contents of femoral triangle (lateral to medial)
A
- Femoral nerve
- Femoral artery
- Femoral vein
- Lymphatics
9
Q
What is the ‘lock-unlock’ mechanism of the knee?
A
- Knee locks in order to reduce muscular effort when standing
> Quadriceps medially rotate femur during last 30° of extension - Knee unlocked to bend it again
> Popliteus laterally rotates femur during early flexion
10
Q
Muscles of the anterior thigh compartment
A
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus intermedius
- Sartorius
11
Q
Muscles of the medial thigh compartment
A
- Gracilis
- Pectineus
- Obturator externus
- Adductor brevis
- Adductor longus
- Adductor magnus
12
Q
Muscles of the posterior thigh compartment
A
- Biceps femoris
- Semitendinosus
- Semimembranosus
13
Q
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of rectus femoris
A
- O = AIIS
- Ins = base of patella
- Inn = femoral nerve
- A = knee extensor
14
Q
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of vastus medialis
A
- O = medial intertrochanteric line
- Ins = base of patella
- Inn = femoral nerve
- A = knee extensor
15
Q
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of vastus lateralis
A
- O = greater trochanter
- Ins = base of patella
- Inn = femoral nerve
- A = knee extensor
