Distribution of Blood Supply and Nerves in the Upper Limb Flashcards
What branch of the aortic arch supplies supplies the right upper limb?
Brachiocephalic artery
2 divisions of the brachiocephalic artery
- Right subclavian artery
- Right common carotid artery
At what anatomical level does the brachiocephalic artery divide?
Level of sternoclavicular articulation
What branch of the aortic arch supplies the left upper limb?
Left subclavian artery
Segments of the arterial tree of the upper limb (proximal to distal)
- Subclavian artery
- Axillary artery
- Brachial artery
- Ulnar + radial arteries
- Deep + superficial palmer arches
Boundaries the subclavian artery starts and ends at (right and left)
- Right
> Start = sternoclavicular joint
> End = lateral border of rib 1 - Left
> Start = aortic arch
> End = lateral border of rib 1
Boundaries the axillary artery starts and ends at
- Start = lateral border of rib 1
- End = inferior border of teres major
Boundaries the brachial artery starts and ends at
- Start = inferior border of teres major
- End = radial tuberosity
Boundaries the ulnar + radial arteries start and end at
- Start = radial tuberosity
- End = deep + superficial palmer arches
From what artery does the circumflex humeral artery branch?
Axillary artery
What does the circumflex humeral artery supply?
- Teres major
- Teres minor
- Deltoid
From what artery does profunda brachii branch?
Brachial artery
What does profunda brachii supply?
Muscles of the brachium
Pulse points of the upper limb
- Axillary pulse
- Brachial pulse (mid-arm + cubital fossa)
- Radial pulse (distal forearm + anatomical snuffbox)
- Ulnar pulse
3 systems of venous drainage in the upper limb
- Superficial venous drainage
- Deep venous drainage
- Perforating veins
Major superficial veins of the upper limb
- Cephalic vein
- Basilic vein
What connects the cephalic and basilic veins?
Median cubital vein
What drains the cephalic and basilic veins?
Axillary vein
Segments of the deep venous tree of the upper limb (distal to proximal)
- Deep + superficial palmer venous arches
- Ulnar + radial veins
- Brachial vein
- Axillary vein
- Subclavian vein
Boundaries the ulnar + radial veins start and end at
- Start = deep + superficial venous palmer arches
- End = radial tuberosity
Boundaries the brachial vein starts and ends at
- Start = radial tuberosity
- End = inferior border of teres major
Boundaries the axillary vein starts and ends at
- Start = inferior border of teres minor
- End = lateral border of rib 1
Boundaries the subclavian vein starts and ends at (right + left)
- Right
> Start = lateral border of rib 1
> End = sternoclavicular joint - Left
> Start = lateral border of rib 1
> End = aortic arch
What is an axial line?
Boundary between dermatomes from non-adjacent spinal root levels
What marks the axial lines in the upper limb?
- Cephalic vein
- Basilic vein
What 2 systems is lymphatic drainage of the upper limb through?
- Superficial lymph channels
- Deep lymphatic channels
Lymph nodes of the upper limb
- Supratrochlear lymph node
- Axillary lymph node
- Infraclavicular lymph node
Levels of the brachial plexus (proximal to distal)
- Roots
- Trunks
- Divisions
- Cords
- Branches
Roots of the brachial plexus
- C5
- C6
- C7
- C8
- T1
Trunks of the brachial plexus (and which roots supply each)
- Superior (C5-6)
- Middle (C7)
- Inferior (C8-T1)
Divisions of each trunk of brachial plexus
- Anterior
- Posterior
Cords of the brachial plexus (and which divisions of which trunks supply each)
- Lateral (anterior of superior + middle)
- Posterior (posterior of superior, middle + inferior)
- Medial (anterior of inferior)
Branches of the brachial plexus (and cord supply each)
- Musculocutaneous nerve (lateral)
- Axillary nerve (posterior)
- Median nerve (lateral + medial)
- Radial nerve (posterior)
- Ulnar nerve (medial)
Additional nerves of the roots of the brachial plexus (and where they originate from)
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)
Additional nerves of the trunks of the brachial plexus (and where they originate from)
- Nerve to subclavius (superior)
- Suprascapular nerve (superior)
Additional nerves of the cords of the brachial plexus (and where they originate from)
- Lateral pectoral nerve (lateral)
- Upper subscapular nerve (posterior)
- Thoracodorsal nerve (posterior)
- Lower subscapular nerve (posterior)
- Medial pectoral nerve (medial)
- Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (medial)
- Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (medial)
What are sensory nerve territories?
Territorial domains of the skin supplied by each terminal nerve of the brachial plexus (not dermatomes)
