Bone and Cartilage Flashcards
Functions of the skeleton
- Gives body shape
- Supports weight of the body
- Provides site for attachment
- Allows movement
- Protects delicate tissues/organs
- Haemopoiesis
- Calcium and phosphorus storage
What is the skeleton preformed as, and what happens after?
- Develops as cartilage
- This ossifies into bone
Functions of cartilage
- Support soft tissues
- Provide smooth surface at joints
- Enables long bone growth
Basic make-up of cartilage
Chondrocytes and chondroblasts embedded in a matrix of proteoglycans and collagen
Vascularity and innervation of cartilage
- Virtually avascular
- No nerves
Types of cartilage
- Hyaline
- Elastic
- Fibrocartilage
What embryonic tissue does cartilage develop from?
Mesenchyme
What type(s) of growth occur in cartilage?
- Interstitial
- Appositional
What is interstitial growth?
Addition of mass from the inside of the structure
What is appositional growth?
Addition of mass onto the exterior surfaces of the structure
What is cartilage replaced by after damage?
Fibrous tissue
Basic make-up of bone
Osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes embedded in a mineralised matrix
Types of bone
- Compact/cortical
- Trabecular/cancellous/spongy
By what process does the pre-formed cartilage become bone?
Endochondral ossification
What growth occurs in bone?
Appositional only
