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MJM > The Skull & Muscles of the Head (AP) > Flashcards

The Skull & Muscles of the Head (AP) Flashcards

1
Q

Divisions of the cranium

A
  • Neurocranium
  • Viscerocranium
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2
Q

What joints hold the bones of the cranium together?

A

Sutures

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3
Q

Fibrous joints between cranial bones in infants

A

Fontanellae

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4
Q

3 fossae in the cranium

A
  • Anterior
  • Middle
  • Posterior
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5
Q

Openings in the facial skeleton

A
  • Bony orbits
  • Nasal cavities
  • Oral cavity
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6
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ

A

Modified hinge synovial

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7
Q

Articulating bones of TMJ

A
  • Condyle of mandible
  • Mandibular fossa of temporal bone
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8
Q

Gross movements attainable at the TMJ

A
  • Hinge
  • Gliding
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9
Q

3 ear ossicles (lateral to medial)

A
  • Malleus
  • Incus
  • Stapes
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10
Q

Where does the skull articulate with the vertebral column?

A
  • Lateral masses of the atlas
  • Occipital condyles of occipital bone
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11
Q

What is the pterion formed by?

A
  • Frontal bone
  • Sphenoid bone
  • Parietal bone
  • Temporal bone
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12
Q

4 fontanellae in infants, and when each closes

A
  • Sphenoidal (6 months)
  • Mastoid (6-18 months)
  • Anterior (7-18 months)
  • Posterior (2 months)
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13
Q

Why is the TMJ atypical of a normal synovial joint?

A

Fibrocartilage lining instead of hyaline

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14
Q

3 extracapsular ligaments stabilising TMJ (and where each is from/to)

A
  • Lateral ligament (articular tubule to mandibular neck)
  • Sphenomandibular ligament (sphenoid spine to mandible)
  • Stylomandibular (thickening of fascia of parotid gland)
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15
Q

Movements attainable at the TMJ

A
  • Mandibular depression/elevation
  • Lateral deviation
  • Retrusion
  • Protrusion
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16
Q

Which direction does the TMJ most commonly dislocate?

A

Anteriorly

17
Q

Facial muscles of mastication

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Medial pterygoid
  • Lateral pterygoid
18
Q

Groups of muscles of facial expression

A
  • Orbital
  • Nasal
  • Oral
  • Other
19
Q

Orbital muscles of facial expression

A
  • Orbicularis oculi (orbital + palpebral parts)
  • Corrugator supercilii
20
Q

Nasal muscles of facial expression

A
  • Nasalis (alar + transverse parts)
  • Depressor septi nasi
  • Procerus
21
Q

Oral muscles of facial expression

A
  • Orbicularis oris
  • Depressor anguli oris
  • Levator anguli oris
  • Depressor labii inferioris
  • Levator labii superioris
  • Levator labii superioris alaque nasi
  • Zygomaticus major
  • Zygomaticus minor
  • Buccinator
  • Mentalis
  • Risorius
22
Q

Other muscles of facial expression

A
  • Anterior auricular
  • Superior auricular
  • Posterior auricular
  • Occipitofrontalis (occipital + frontal bellies)

MJM (32 decks)

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