the respiratory system TEST 3 Flashcards
what part of the nose projects forward ?
external nose
what is formed by the nasal bones?
the bridge of the nose (external nose)
what is the hollow area inside external nose?
vestibule (of nasal cavity)
describe the vestibule of external nose:
it is lined by mucous membrane.
outside of vestibule is skin.
the wall of vestibule is muscle and connective tissue.
what are the holes into the vestibule called?
nostrils (external nares)
what is the nasal cavity?
it is part of the internal nose. it is a hole in skull between cranium and oral cavity lined in mucous membrane.
what are the ducts of the nasal cavity?
they are tubes that lead from nasal cavity to para-nasal sinuses (internal nose)
what are the grooves in nasal cavity formed by the nasal conchae?
meatuses (internal nose)
what is the olfactory epithelium?
located at roof of nasal cavity. contains olfactor (smell) receptors. (internal nose)
what is like a “wall” that separates the nasal cavity into left and right sides?
nasal septum.
- in internal nose formed by: vomer & perpendicular plate (ethmoid)
- external nose: septum is cartilage
what is the pharynx?
its a muscular funnel shaped organ lined with mucous membrane extends from internal nose to larynx and esophagus. has 3 regions.
which region of the pharynx is posterior to nasal cavity ?
nasopharynx
what are the internal nares?
(nasopharynx) openings to internal nose. (posterior to nasal aperture)
what part of the nasopharynx leads to middle ear?
pharyngotympanic tube
what is the oropharynx?
posterior to oral cavity. it has fauces- opening to oral cavity. (food passes through here)
what is posterior to the epiglottis? (nasopharynx)
the laryngopharynx: joins larynx and esophagus
where is the larynx located?
the larynx is located between the pharynx and the trachea, anterior to vertebrae c4-c6.
what is the structure of the larynx?
it is a short tube made of cartilage with some connective tissue and muscle, lined with pseudostratified ciliated epithelium.
describe the cartilage of the larynx:
9 pieces of cartilage all but 1 are hyaline cartilage.
what type of cartilage is one piece and is anterior shaped like a shield? (adams apple)
thyroid cartilage
what type of cartilage sits over glottis (hole into larynx) made of elastic cartilage, lined with mucous membrane, closes glottis when swallowing:
epiglottis
what is cricoid cartilage?
most inferior piece made of hyaline cartilage, short tube below the thyroid cartilage ( goes all the way around larynx like a ring)
which piece of cartilage is the 2 pieces of cartilage on posterior surface of larynx helps support vocal folds?
arytenoid cartilage
what are the corniculate cartilage?
pair of cartilage, pieces on posterior surface of larynx