joints test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the term for the point of contact between two bones?

A

articulations

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2
Q

describe movement & strength for joints:

A

joints that allow more movement are hard to dislocate but allow less motion. very mobile joints are easy to dislocate.

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3
Q

what is the term for immobile joint? give an example.

A

synarthrosis. ex. joints in skull bones.

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4
Q

what is the term for a joint that allows slight movement? give an example.

A

amphiarthrosis. ex. distal tibia and fibula

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5
Q

what is the term for a freely moving joint? give an example.

A

diarthrosis. ex. most limb joints(elbow etc.)

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6
Q

what is the structural classification of joints?

A

based on joint structure. presence or absence of joint cavity.material joining bones.

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7
Q

what is a fibrous joint?

A

has fibrous connective tissue that holds bones together and has no joint cavity.

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8
Q

what are sutures(fibrous joint)?

A

joints between skull bones. bones have jagged edges so they interlock. very strong.

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9
Q

what is the term for two bones held together by a ligament of fibrous connective tissue? give an example.

A

syndermosis(fibrous joint). ex. distal tibia and fibula in some cases ligament is large and wraps the bones.

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10
Q

what is the term for a peg like tooth root fits into a scoket(alveoli) of maxilla or mandible held in by a periodontal ligament?

A

gomphosis(fibrous joint)

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11
Q

what are cartilaginous joints?

A

cartilage joins the bones. no joint cavity.

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12
Q

what type of cartilaginous joint uses hylaine cartilage as joining material?

A

synchondrosis

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13
Q

what type of cartilaginous joint is fibrocartilage as joining material? give an example.

A

symphysis. pubic symphysis

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14
Q

what is fluid filled cavity between the bones enclosed by articular capsule?

A

synovial joint

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15
Q

what type of synovial joint forms wall of joint cavity made of connective tissue? name the 2 layers.

A

articular capsule.

  1. fibrous capsule
  2. synovial membrane
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16
Q

what layer of the articular capsule is the outer layer made of dense irregular connective tissue and holds bones together?

A

fibrous capsule

17
Q

which layer of the articular capsule is the inner layer made of aerolar connective tissue secretes synovial fluid into joint cavity?

A

synovial membrane

18
Q

what are accessory ligaments?

A

bands of dense connective tissue that holds bones together.

19
Q

what is the extracapular ligament?

A

located outside joint capsule

20
Q

what is the intracapular ligament?

A

located inside joint cavity.

21
Q

what is articular cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage where bones meet

22
Q

what is the extra pad of hylaine cartilage in cavity to help bones fit? not all joints have this

A

articular discs(meniscus)

23
Q

what is a plane joint( gliding joint)? give an example.

A

(type of synovial joint) both bones have flat surfaces. allows: forward & back side to side. doesn’t allow twisting. ex. carpal bones

24
Q

which what is a hinge joint and what does it allow?

A
(type of synovial joint)
one bone is a "C" shape the other is a cyllinder.
allows:
flexation- decreases angle between bones
extension- increase angle between bones
25
Q

what is a pivot joint and what doe sit allow?

A

(type of synovial joint)
one bone has a deep notch other bone has a cylindrical head, head rotates in notch.
allows:
rotation bone turns along long axis.

26
Q

what is a condyloid joint and what does it allow?

A

one bone is smooth and concave the other is smooth and convex typically oval shape.
allows:
flexation and extension
abduction- pull bone awayfrom mid line
adduction- pull bone toward midline
circumduction-tip of bone makes a circle.

27
Q

what is a saddle joint and what does it allow?

A

one bone looks like a riders legs the other is shaped like a saddle.
allows: flexation and extension, abduction and adduction and back and forth

28
Q

whattype of joint has a spherical head that fits into a deep cup-like socket on the other bone, and what does it allow?

A

ball and socket joint

allows: flexation, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation