heart

Question 1

what is the location of the heart?

Answer 1

on the midline of the thoracic cavity, projects into left side of chest in a mass of tissue called the mediastinum.

Question 2

what is the apex?

Answer 2

apex is the the inferior narrow end of the heart

Question 3

what is the superior wide end of the heart, blood vessels enter and exit here?

Answer 3

the base

Question 4

what is the anterior surface of the inferior surface against diaphragm?

Answer 4

sternocostal surface

Question 5

what is the pericardium?

Answer 5

pericardium is a 3 layered membrane surrounding the heart

Question 6

what layer of the heart is the outer layer made of fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 6

fibrous pericardium

Question 7

what is the serous pericardium?

Answer 7

it is the inner layer consisting of two layers

1. parietal layer
2. visceral pericardium

Question 8

what layer is tight against fibrous pericardium?

Answer 8

the parietal layer part of the serous pericardium

Question 9

whats is tight against heart muscle wall also called the epicardium?

Answer 9

the visceral pericardium part of the serous pericardium

Question 10

what is the term for the fluid filled space between visceral and parietal layer?

Answer 10

the pericardial cavity

Question 11

what is the epicardium?

Answer 11

it is the same as the visceral pericardium- tight against heart muscle wall.

Question 12

what layer of the heart wall is cardiac muscle of heart wall middle thick layer?

Answer 12

myocardium

Question 13

what layer of the heart wall is the inner most layer lines the entire heart chambers continuous with inner layer of blood vessels?

Answer 13

endocardium

Question 14

what is endothelium?

Answer 14

an epithelial layer lining a closed system, simple squamous.

Question 15

what are left and right atrioventricular grooves?

Answer 15

furrow on heart surface between atria and ventricles contains fat and blood vessels

Question 16

what is the anterior and posterior interventricular sulchi?

Answer 16

2 furrows on heart surface between ventricles contains fat and blood vessels

Question 17

which major blood vessel of the heart takes blood to the right atrium from above the heart?

Answer 17

superior vena cava

Question 18

which major blood vessel takes blood to the right atriumfrom below heart?

Answer 18

inferior vena cava

Question 19

what is on back of the heart, collects blood from heart muscle, sends blood to the right atrium?

Answer 19

cornonary sinus

Question 20

what blood vessel takes blood of left ventricle and divides to form left and right pulmonary arteries?

Answer 20

pulmonary trunk

Question 21

what are the left and right pulmonary arteries?

Answer 21

takes blood to the lungs

Question 22

what brings blood back from lungs to left atrium?

Answer 22

pulmonary veins

Question 23

what does the aorta do?

Answer 23

takes blood out of left ventricle

Question 24

what is the ascending aorta?

Answer 24

beginning move sin superior direction

Question 25

what is the arch of the aorta?

Answer 25

curves posterior and inferior behind heart

Question 26

what travels inferiorly behind heart?

Answer 26

descending aorta

Question 27

what branches from ascending aorta takes blood to heart muscle?

Answer 27

left and right coronary arteries

Question 28

what is the upper two chambers contract to fill lower two chambers?

Answer 28

atria (atrium)

Question 29

what fills the right ventricle receives deoxygenated blood from body?

Answer 29

right atrium

Question 30

what does the left atium do?

Answer 30

contracts to fill left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from lungs

Question 31

what is the term for expandable pouches outside of atria to hold more blood?

Answer 31

auricles

Question 32

what is the term for the wall of muscle between atria?

Answer 32

inter-atrial septum

Question 33

what is the fossa ovalis?

Answer 33

scar on interatrial septum remains of hole (foramen ovale) taht closes when you are born

Question 34

what are the ventricles?

Answer 34

the lower two chambers

Question 35

what pumps oxygen rich blood to body ( thicker muscle)?

Answer 35

left ventricle

Question 36

what is the right ventricle

Answer 36

pumps oxygen poor blood to lungs

Question 37

what is the muscular wall between ventricles called?

Answer 37

inter-ventricular septum

Question 38

what is the purpose of valves of the heart?

Answer 38

prevents backward flow of blood in the heart

Question 39

what is between atria and ventricles and prevents blood from going into the atria when ventricles contract?

Answer 39

atrioventricular valves

Question 40

which side has 2 "flaps" and what is the term ?

Answer 40

left AV valve Bicuspid valve

Question 41

which side has 3 "flaps" and what is the term?

Answer 41

right AV valve- Tricuspid valve

Question 42

what are small muscles in ventricles attached to valves by strings called Chordae tendinae and what is its purpose?

Answer 42

papilallary muscles- holds valves shut when ventricles contract to prevent prolapse

Question 43

what are semi-lunar valves and what is its purpose?

Answer 43

between ventricles and arteries has 3 and a half moon shaped flaps. prevents blood from flowing from artia to ventricles, when ventricles relax.

Question 44

where is the pulmonary semi-lunar valve?

Answer 44

in pulmonary trunk

Question 45

where is the aortic semi lunar valve located?

Answer 45

in the aorta