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Anatomy > brain: exam 4 (final) > Flashcards

brain: exam 4 (final) Flashcards

1
Q

what are cranial bones?

A

brain is inside cavity formed by cranial bones

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2
Q

what are cranial meninges?

A

membrane wrapping the brain its 3 layers outside to in is: dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia matter

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3
Q

what is dura matter?

A

it is the outer most layer and the strongest of the meninges has a thick periosteal layer (attaches to inner surface of skull), and a thinner meningeal layer (meninges)

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4
Q

what is the middle layer of the meninges has a space filled with fluid, fibrous connective tissue, and blood vessels?

A

arachnoid mater (layer) (meninges)

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5
Q

what is the inner most layer right against the brain tissue composed of connective tissue and tiny blood vessels?

A

pia mater (meninges)

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6
Q

what are hollow areas of the brain?

A

the ventricles hollow fluid filled chambers in the brain all connected to each other the

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7
Q

what are the 2 ā€œCā€ shaped chambers in the cerebrum

A

lateral ventricles (hollow area of brain)

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8
Q

what is the 3rd ventricle?

A

it is the thin hollow area in diencephalon (hollow area of brain)

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9
Q

what is a tube in the mid-brain that connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle?

A

cerebral aqueduct (hollow areas of brain)

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10
Q

what is the 4th ventricle?

A

hollow space between pons and cerebellum, connects to central canal of spinal cord (hollow areas of brain)

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11
Q

what is the term for all ventricles that are connected to each other and space in arachnoid layer, cerebral spinal fluid circulates through all these spaces?

A

circulation (hollow areas of brain)

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12
Q

what is the lowest brain area,joins the spinal cord?

A

medulla oblongata (brain stem)

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13
Q

what are the pyramids of the brain?

A

they are part of the medulla oblongata- bulges on ventral side, are motor tracts

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14
Q

what is the decussation of pyramids?

A

pyramids cross from one side of brain to other side of spinal cord (medulla oblongata/brainstem)

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15
Q

what is the right and left nucleus gracilis and the right and left nucleus cuneatus?

A

these receive sense input from spinal cord (medulla oblongata/brain stem)

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16
Q

what controls heart and blood pressure?

A

cardiovascular center (medulla oblongata/brain stem)

17
Q

what is the respiratory center?

A

controls breathing with pons (medulla oblongata/brain stem)

18
Q

what is the olives of brain?

A

they are projections on lateral surfaces (medulla oblongata/brain stem)

19
Q

what part of the brain is located superior to the medulla oblongata inferior to mid brain?

A

the pons

20
Q

what does the apneustic and the pneumotaxic center do?

A

both of these help the medulla oblongata control breathing

21
Q

where is the mid brain located?

A

it is the most superior part of brain stem superior to pons, inferior to diencephalon

22
Q

what is the cerebral peduncles?

A

they are on ventral surface, nerve fibers connecting to upper brain (midbrain)

23
Q

what runs through the mid brain?

A

the cerebral aqueduct (midbrain)

24
Q

what is tectum?

A

it is on the dorsal surface of midbrain

25
Q

what are the 4 bumps on the tectum?

A

corpora quadrigemina (midbrain)

26
Q

what is the 2 superior bumps , process visual reflex stimuli?

A

superior colliculi (midbrain)

27
Q

what is the inferior colliculi?

A

they are the inferior 2 bumps, processes auditory reflex stimuli (midbrain)

28
Q

what processes motor information, supresses unwanted motions, smoothes out muscle movements?

A

substantia nigra (midmbrain)

29
Q

what is the red nucleus?

A

deep to substatia nigra. fibers from cerebrum and cerebellum join here (midbrain)

30
Q

what is cerebral spinal fluid?

A

fluid inside hollow areas of CNS and in arachnoid matter. its purpose is to protect the brain and spinal cord

Anatomy (31 decks)

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