female reproductive system: exam 3 Flashcards
what are the two oval glands lateral to the uterus, produce ova and hormones?
ovaries
what do the ligaments do in the ovaries?
they hold the ovaries in place.
which ligament of the uterus attaches ovary to the mesovarium?
broad ligament of the uterus
what is the ovarian ligament?
attaches ovary to uterus
what ligament of the uterus attaches ovary to the abdominal wall?
suspensory ligament of the uterus
what is the germinal epithelium?
it is a layer of simple cuboidal epithelium on ovary surface (surface anatomy)
what is the layer of dense white connective tissue deep to germinal epithelium?
tunica albugenia (surface anatomy)
what is the cortex of the ovaries?
superficial outer layer that contains ovarian follicles small structures that hold ova (internal anatomy)
what part of the internal anatomy of the ovaries swell up and burst to release an ova?
vesicular ovarian follicles
what part of the internal anatomy of the ovaries is the remains of a burst follicle that releases hormones during pregnancy?
corpus luteum
what is corpus albicans ?
it is the scar left after corpus luteum heals (internal anatomy of ovaries)
what is the deep tissue of an ovary that has connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves?
medulla (internal anatomy of ovaries)
what is the stroma of an ovary?
the internal tissue of ovary
what is the uterine tube? (ovaduct, fallopian tube)
it is two thin tubes extending from lateral/ top of uterus, catch ova
what is the wide funnel shaped section near ovary?
infundibulum (uterine tube)
what is fimbrae?
finger like ridge at edge of infundibulum helps catch ova (uterine tube)
what is the middle 2/3 of ovaduct where fertilization mostly occurs?
ampulla (uterine tube)
what is the isthmus?
thin area where the ovaduct meets the uterus (ovarian tube)
what is shaped like a upside down pear, fertilized ova implant here, and the fetus grows here?
uterus
what is the location of the uterus?
mid to lower pelvis next to bladder
what is the fundus of the uterus?
it is the dome like area on superior surface, between ovaducts (anatomy of uterus)
what is the body of the uterus?
main central area of the uterus (anatomy of uterus)
what is the membrane around the uterus part of visceral peritoneum?
the perimetrium (uterus)
what is the myometrium?
middle thick smooth muscle layer (uterus)
what is the endometrium?
inner layer of epithelial tissue that has 2 parts (uterus)
what is stratum basalis?
layer of the endometrium- layer against the myometrium (uterus)
what is the stratum functionalis ?
layer of the endometrium- made each month by stratum basalis for a pregnancy if no pregnancy it is shed (uterus)
what is the isthmus of the uterus?
narrow area at the base of the body
what is the cervix?
the inferior end of the uterus, projects into vagina
what is the entrance to the uterus through the cervix?
cervical canal
what are the uterine ligaments?
holds the uterus in place
what is the broad ligament ?
attach the uterus to pelvis wall
what attaches the uterus to the sacrum?
uterosacral ligaments
what is the cardinal ligaments of the uterus?
extends below broad ligament attach to pelvic wall, cervix, and vagina.
what are thick bands of fibrous connective tissue inside broad ligaments?
round ligaments
what is a muscular tube leading from the uterus to the outside?
the vagina
what is the fornix?
area of the vagina around the cervix
what are ridges in the vaginal wall to allow expansion?
rugae
what is the vaginal orifice?
it is the opening to the outside
what is the hymen?
an extension of mucus membrane partially blocking the vaginal orifice
what is the external female genitalia?
the vulva
what is the pad of fat superficial to pubic symphysis, hair grows here at puberty?
mons pubis
what is the labia majora?
two folds of skin containing fat (thicker), extend inferior from mons pubis, contain sweat and oil glands, hair also grows here after puberty
what is the labia minora?
two folds of skin, with no fat (thinner), sweat glands and no hair, medial to the labia majora, they contain oil glands
what is the clitoris?
two rods of erectile tissue, superior to where labia minora meet
what is the deep part of clitoris?
the crura
what is the glans of the clitoris?
part in surface, filled with nerves, has no purpose (pleasure)
what is the prepuce of the clitoris?
its a fold of skin over the glans
what is the vestibule of the clitoris?
area between the labia minora covered in mucus membrane has many parts
what is the external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice?
part of the vestibule
what is the bulb of the vestibule?
its a mass of erectile tissue surrounding vaginal orifice
what is the pancrealurethral gland?
next to the urethral orifice, secretes mucus
what is the greater vestibular glands?
next to the vaginal orifice, secretes mucus (vulva)
what is the lesser vestibular glands?
single cell glands in vestibule wall, secrte fluid (vulva)
what are the mammary glands?
modifies sweat glands, produce milk
where are the mammary glands located?
in breasts; superficial to pectoralis major muscle held in place by connective tissue
what are lobes of the mammary glands?
breasts are divided into compartments called lobes separated by adipose tissue
what are lobules of mammary glands?
divisions of lobes separated by connective tissue
what are the alveoli of the mammary glands?
clusters of milk producing cells by myoepithelial cells, squeeze milk out
what are the secondary tubules?
they take milk from alveoli to mammary ducts
where do the mammary ducts lead to?
lactiferous sinuses
what is the lactiferous sinuses?
milk is stored here and leads to the lactifeous ducts
where do the lactiferous ducts lead to?
the nipple
what is the pigmented projection in breast where milk comes out?
nipple
what is areola?
pigment area of skin around the nipple has oil glands
