digestive system test 3

Question 1

what is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

Answer 1

tube from mouth to anus, food moves through here and is digested.
includes:
oral cavity>pharynx>esophagus>stomach>small intestine>large intestine.

Question 2

what helps with digestion but doesnt form part of the (GI tract) tube?

Answer 2

Accesory structures:
tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pancreas,liver,
gall bladder.

Question 3

what is the term for the space at center of GI tract, food goes here?

Answer 3

lumen

Question 4

what is the mucosa of the GI tract?

Answer 4

it is the innermost layer of the GI tract- a moist tissue layer in contact with lumen made of 3 layers:

Question 5

name a layer of the mucosa:

Answer 5

a) epithelial layer (endothelium) can be stratified squamous or simple columnar

Question 6

what is the lamina propria of the mucosa?

Answer 6

underlies the epithelium, its a layer of areolar connective tissue, MALT is here (mucosa associated lymphyoid tissue), can have glands or ducts for glands, helps defend us againt bacteria and pathogens

Question 7

what is the muscularis mucosa?

Answer 7

external to the lamina propria, a thin layer of smooth muscle, can change shape and form ridges in mucosa

Question 8

what is located external to the mucosa made of areolar connective tissue?

Answer 8

the sub mucosa

Question 9

describe the sub mucosa?

Answer 9

external to the mucosa, areolar connective tissue, contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and large glands, abundant in elastic fibers to enable stomach to regain its shape after storing a large meal.

Question 10

what is the term for the thick smooth muscle layer around the sub mucosa and has 2 muscle layers?

Answer 10

muscularis externa

Question 11

what is the circular muscle layer of muscularis externa?

Answer 11

it is a layer part of the muscularis surrounding the sub mucosa.
it is muscle cells arranged around circumference of GI tract

Question 12

what is a layer of the muscularis externa surrounding the sub mucosa, it has muscle cells arranged along the length of the GI tract?

Answer 12

longitudinal layer of muscularis

Question 13

what do the circular and longitudinal layer of the muscularis do?

Answer 13

together these 2 muscle layers move food through the GI tract.

Question 14

what is the outer most layer of the Gi tract ?

Answer 14

serosa- part of the peritoneum, connective tissue membrane wrapping outside of Gi tract

Question 15

what is the peritoneum?

Answer 15

the membranes in and around digestive organs

Question 16

what is the membrane lining the abdominal cavity?

Answer 16

parietal peritoneum

Question 17

what is the visceral peritoneum?

Answer 17

membrane lining the external surfaces of each digestive organ (same as serosa)

Question 18

what is the fluid filled space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum?

Answer 18

peritoneal cavity

Question 19

what are the extra bits of membrane in the abdominal cavity attached to organs?

Answer 19

folds of peritoneum (5 different folds)

Question 20

what is the messentery?

Answer 20

it is a fold of membrane that holds small intestine together in a ball. (a fold of peritoneum)

Question 21

which fold of the peritoneum binds the large intestine to posterior abdominal wall

Answer 21

mesocolon

Question 22

what is the falciform ligament?

Answer 22

attaches liver to the diaphragm in the posterior abdominal wall (a fold of peritoneum)

Question 23

what fold of the peritoneum extends from the stomach to liver and duodenum.

Answer 23

lesser omentum

Question 24

what is the greater omentum?

Answer 24

fold of membrane hanging from the transverse colon over small intestine, full of fat.