The Protozoa Lab exam Study Guide Flashcards
Live, feed and grow at expense of host; can be microscopic animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses and protozoa
Parasites
Attributes of a successful parasite
- Effective dispersal, can be inhalation, contact, vector borne, ingestion
- Hide from host immune system
- Dont kill Host or Kill slowly
Animal like protist
Protozoa
These are all Eukaryotes
Protozoan Parasites
4 groups of Protozoa (based on locomotion)
- Ciliates
- Amoebae
- Flagellates
- Apicomplexans
Protozoan Parasites can exist in two forms
Trophozoite
Cyst
Trophozoite
A feeding and reproducing stage (Lives within the Host)
Cyst
Dormant, can live in environment and infect new Host
Excystment
After ingested cyst develops into tropozoite , active and feeding stage
Encystment
Cyst formation before exiting the body (fecal route) helps protect and infect new host
Use cilia for locomotion and or acquiring food
Ciliates
Found in intestinal tracts of animals, usually pigs, the only ciliate to cause disease in humans
Commonly infected by consuming food or water contaminated with feces containing cysts
Balantidium coli
Excystment occurs in small intestines
Balantidium coli
Balantidium coli results in
Balantidiasis
Balantidiasis
Diarrhea, abdominal pain weight loss and dysentery
Causes Amebic Dysentery
Entameba Histolytica
Ingested by contaminated food and water
-Cyst in the water (Asymptomatic in ~10% of human population)
Entameba Histolytica
Pathology of Entameba Histolytica
- Ingest cysts
- pass through stomach
- Excystment in the small intestine
- Trophozoites release enzymes and penetrate the intestinal lining
- Creates ulcers and then cause symptoms
Characterized by having no truly defined shape, using, pseudopodia to move and acquire food
The Amoebae
Amebiasis
Infection caused by amoebas
Symptoms of Amebiasis; Amebic dysentery
Diarrhea and bloody stools
- cramps
- vomiting
- weight loss
- Malaise
- Angery
Must find trophozoites in stool to identify amoeba from bacteria
*Antibody tests are used for identification
Diagnosis of Amebic Dysentery
Causes fatal infections in brain
Rare incidence
Common in warm lakes, ponnds, moist soil
Transmission can occur through open wounds, eyes, or ingesting contaminated water
Acanthamoeba and Naegleria
Lives on the surface of teeth; Base of gums, tonsils
Entameba gingivalis
Has been implicated as a cause fo ginigivitis
Tranmission is by kissing
Entameba Gingivalis
