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Microbiology > Helminthes study guide number 2 > Flashcards

Helminthes study guide number 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Microscopic, multicellular eukaryotic worms. Many of which are pathogenic

A

Helminthes

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2
Q

Each worm has both sex organs

A

Monocious

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3
Q

Male and female sex organs in different worms

A

Dioecious

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4
Q

Parasite Helminthes divided into 3 groups

A

Cestodes
Trematodes
Nematodes

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5
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes; Class Cestoda include

A 
Cestodes
Teania Saginata
Taenia Solium
Echinococcus granulosus
Diphyllobothrium Latum
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6
Q

Cestodes are _________ animals

A

Acoelomate

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7
Q

Cestodes are composed of Scolex and a body these can be defined as

A

Scolex-Like a head; has hooks at the top to attach to tissues (No mouth)
Body-Is flat and long; made of proglottid; has both sexes inside

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8
Q

Mature are found in cestoda; these can be defined as

A

(Middle proglottid) working reproductive structures

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9
Q

Gravid are found in cestoda; theses can be defined as

A

(End of proglottid) filed with fertilized eggs, ready to infect new host; Gravid proglottids break off, pass through feces

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10
Q

Teania saginata is also known as

A

Beef tapeworm

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11
Q

What is the definitive host of the Teania Saginata

A

Humans

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12
Q

Life cycle of the Teania saginata

A
  • Humans are the definitive Host
  • Humans shed eggs and egg filled proglottids
  • Cows eat the eggs (Alternate Host)
  • Eggs hatch in the cow and become immature larvae called cysticercus
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13
Q

Taenia Solium is also known as

A

Pork Tapeworm

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14
Q

Taenia Solium is made of __________ and pass them via _________.

A

Proglottids

Fecal Matter

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15
Q

What is the definitive host for the Taenia Solium

A

Humans

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16
Q

Echinococcus granulosus is also known as the

A

Dog tapework

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17
Q

The echinococcus granulosus has only ____ proglottids

A

3

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18
Q

Who is the definitive host of the Echinococcus Granulosus

A

The Dog

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19
Q

Life Cycle of the Echinococcus Granulosus

A
  • The adult lives in the intestines of the dog

- Sheds eggs (poop) and herbivores eat the eggs

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20
Q

Occasionally humans can ingest food contaminated by dog feces and ingest larvae which forms ________.

A

Hydatid cysts

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21
Q

Diphyllobothrium Latum is also known as the

A

Fish Tape Worm

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22
Q

Who is the definitive host of the Diphyllobothrium Latum

A

Humans (gut)

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23
Q

Life cycle of the Diphyllobothrium Latum

A
  • Eggs exit feces into water
  • Eggs hatch and coracisium larvae come out
  • Coracidium are eaten by copepods (alternate host)
  • Copepods are eaten by fish
  • Larval form develops in the fish muscle
  • Humans eat the fish
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24
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes; Class Trematoda (The flukes)

A

-Trematoda
-Fasciola Hepatice
-Clonorchis sinensis
The blood Flukes
-Schistosoma species

25
Q

Acoelomate (Trematoda)

A

No body cavity

26
Q
  • Oral Sucker
  • An incomplete Digestive system (No Anus)
  • *Pharynx
  • *Muscular Esophagus
  • *Two long unbranched intestines down both sides
  • Hermaphroditic (monoecious)
  • *Large testis
  • *Uterus
  • *Small ovaries
A

Characteristics of typical Trematode

27
Q

Features of Fluck

A 
Oral Sucker
Ventral Sucker
Eggs in Coiled Uterus
Intestines
Ovary
Branched Testes
28
Q

Fasciola Hepatice is also known as the

A

Liver fluke

29
Q

To Aquire Liver fluke

A

Get from eating aquatic vegetation such as watercress

30
Q

Pathology of the fasciola Hepatice

A
  • Excystment occurs in intestines
  • Larvae go from intestine to liver
  • Fluke feed on liver cells and RBC while in liver
  • Go to bile ducts and replace tissue with fibrous tissue. *Can result in abdominal pain, diarrhea, and abscess on the liver
31
Q

Causes liver damage and necrosis (death of tissue)

A

Live Fluke or Fasciola Hepatice

32
Q

Clonorchis Sinensis is also known as

A

Chinese liver Fluke

33
Q

Who is the definitive host of the Clonorchis Sinensis

A

Humans

34
Q

The Clonorchia Sinensis has a intermediate and alternate host

A

Intermediate; Snail

Alternate; Fish

35
Q

Clonorchis sinensis pathology

A
  • Fluke erode the bile ducts
  • Thickening and occlusions of the bile duct
  • Interferes with liver function
  • Eggs released feces, then hatch into miracidia in H20
  • The Miracidia then penetrate snails, then burrow out and penetrate fish
  • Humans then become infected by eating undercooked fish
36
Q

There are 3 types of Blood Flukes:

A

Shistosoma Mansoni
Shistosoma Japonicum
Shistosoma Haematobium

37
Q

The blood fluke have

A

two different sexes (Diecious)

38
Q

Shistosoma Mansoni and Japonicum

A

Live in vessels surrounding the intestines

39
Q

Shistosoma Haematobium

A

Live in vessels arround the bladder

40
Q

Simple life cycle of the Shistosoma

A
  • Eggs exit in the urine or feces
  • In water eggs hatch into Miracidium, which enters snail
  • Cercariea develop, and exit out of snail, penetrate skin of humans and burrow into host
41
Q

Phylum Nematoda; Class Secernentea

A

Round worms
Ascaris Lumbricoides
Necator Americanus
Enterobius Vermicularis

42
Q

Class Secernentea is known as

A

Round worm

43
Q

Round worm have a ________ digestive tract

A

Complete

44
Q

False body cavity

A

Pseudocelmate

45
Q
  • Their body is a cavity filled with fluid surrounded by muscle
  • Flex the muscle to move the fluid this opens and closes their mouth
A

Round worms

46
Q

There are 12,000 species named so far

—some specialists think there are up to 500,000

A

Round worm

47
Q

They infect Vertebrates and invertebrates

-They are found in water and soil

A

Round worms

48
Q

Roundworm exhibit

A

Mouth —-> Pharynx —> Long intestine —-> Anus

49
Q

Roundworms are mostly found as two different sexes

A

(Diecious)

50
Q

Ascaris Lumbricoides is also know as the

A

Round Work Disease

51
Q

Who are the definitive host for Ascaris Lumbricoides

A

Humans (Intestines)

52
Q

Life cycle for Ascaris Lumbricoides

A
  • Adult worm lives in the human intestine
  • Eggs are released in feces
  • Eggs get on food and water and are ingested by humans hatch in duodenom
53
Q

Necator Americanus is also known as

A

Hook Worms

54
Q

Juveniles can burrow through your feet
Hook to the intestines and drink blood
They have large plates in their mouth
Juveniles can survive in the soil for weeks
Get from walking on soil with fecal material

A

Hook worms

55
Q

Pathology of Necator Americanus

A
  • Eggs in feces
  • Hatch in soil
  • Burrow into your feet
  • Get into the blood vessels and travel to heart then to lungs and trachea
  • Larvae are swallowed then travel back to the intestines
56
Q

Enterobius Vermicularis is also known as the

A

Pin worm

57
Q

Who is the definitive host to Enterobius Vermicularis

A

Humans (Intestines)

58
Q

Live cycle for the Enterobius Vermicularis

A

Live in the intestines

  • Females lays eggs, becomes irritable and itchy
  • Scratching disperses eggs in fingernails, clothes and bedding, people ingest the eggs to get infected

Microbiology (26 decks)

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