The March On Rome Flashcards

1
Q

Who put mussolini under pressure to take power?

A

The ras

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2
Q

What happened on the 16th October 1922?

A

Mussolini and six leading fascists met in Milan and decided that the time was right to take power

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3
Q

What happened on the 24th October 1922

A

A fascist Congress was held in naples

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4
Q

Who was the march on Rome in tradition of?

A

Garibaldi

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5
Q

What happened on the 27th October?

A
  • fascist squads prepared to seize public buildings
  • 10,000 men assembled 20 miles outside of Rome, ready to march into the city the next day
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6
Q

What did Mussolini proclaim on the eve of the march

A

‘either the government will be given to us or we shall take it, descending upon Rome. it is now a question of days, perhaps hours

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7
Q

What assuaged mussolinis doubts about the march?

A
  • he felt there was more of a problem if he resisted his most aggressive fascists
  • he thought the threat of a fascist march could intimidate the king into appointing him
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8
Q

10,000 squadristi assembled outside of Rome. How many were supposed to be there?

A

50,000

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9
Q

What had the squadristi been told to do?

A

Avoid clashes with the army

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10
Q

What stopped many of the squads from meeting?

A

Many of their trains were stopped by the sabotage of the lines

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11
Q

What was the problem for the squadristi who did manage to meet?

A

They were in bad shape, poorly armed, drenched by rain, with sinking morale. They did not look like an irresistible force

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12
Q

What had PM Facta historically failed to do that contributes to this issue?

A

Tackle the fascist threat

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13
Q

What did Facta request of the king?

A

That martial law be declared, so that the army could take steps to crush the revolt

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14
Q

What does Lyttleton say about victor Emmanuel’s position in dealing with the march on Rome?

A

‘the only man who could do anything was convinced of his impotence’

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15
Q

What were the factors that influence Emmanuel’s timid response to the march?

A
  • like many other elites, he overestimated the strength of fascism
  • his mother and cousin, the Duke of Aosta, sympathised with the movement
  • the king feared the fascists might replace him with Aosta
  • some of his generals were involved with the fascists
  • he was aware of the fact that he could provoke a civil war
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16
Q

At what time did Facta accept the request for martial law to be imposed?

A

2am

17
Q

How many army troops were deployed around buildings?

A

12,000

18
Q

How long did it take for victor emmanuel to change his mind on the imposition of martial law?

A

8 hours

19
Q

Who replaced Facta after he resigned?

A

Salandra

20
Q

Why was salandras premiership a failure?

A

He failed to gain support and Mussolini refused to join his government

21
Q

Where has mussolini planned to escape had the march failed

A

Switzerland

22
Q

On what day was Mussolini formally asked to form a government?

A

30/10/1922

23
Q

What did Mussolini say upon meeting the king?

A

‘i have come straight from battle, which, fortunately, was won without bloodshed’

24
Q

How many other fascists were there in the coalition government?

A

3

25
Q

What roles did mussolini take up aside from PM?

A

Foreign and interior minister

26
Q

What happened after Mussolini was made PM?

A

50,000 Blackshirts, interspersed by troops, marched Infront of Mussolini and the king

27
Q

How had the tide already been turning in the fascists’ favour heading into the march?

A
  • They had been gaining control of local government
  • Several fascist squads had expelled socialist councils and seized power
28
Q

What did the 40,000 Blackshirts at the Naples Congress shout?

A

A Roma (to Rome)

29
Q

What did many local fascists do on the night of the 27 October?

A

Tries to seize control of government and public buildings with mixed success in the towns of northern and central