the heart. Flashcards
superior vena cava
responsible for returning the deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.
Aorta
carries blood from the heart to the circulation system.
pulmonary artery
carries the deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle the the lungs for oxygenation.
Pulmonary Vein
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
bicuspid valve
controls the blood flow and the amount of blood that passes through. it prevents backflow of blood.
aortic valve
it separates the lower left chamber (left ventricle) and the bodies main artery.
Pericardium
Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.
interior vena cava
it transports the deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities and abdomen back to the right atrium of the heat.
tricuspid value
the flaps open to allow blood to pass from the upper right chambers to the lower right chambers.
pulmonary value
between the lower right chamber (right ventricle) and the artery that delivers blood to the lungs.
What are coronary arteries?
they supply the heart muscle with blood carrying oxygen and nutrients. they run on the outside of the heart and send smaller branches into the heart.
what is the inside of a coronary artery called?
lumen.
what can build up in the coronary arteries?
plaque/atheroma/fatty deposit
what is the effect of the build up of fatty deposit in the coronary arteries?
a reduced amount of blood is able to flow around the heart, therefore making it more difficult for oxygen to move around the cells. which leads to heart attacks.
give 3 factors that cause the build up of fatty deposit.
- lifestyle diet (each to many saturated fats, containing lots of LDL cholesterol)
- not getting enough exercise.
- smoking (as it breaks down the artery and reduces blood flow).
What is good cholesterol called?
HDL for example margarine made with sunflower oil.
what is the role of the pulmonary circuit?
the deoxygenated blood becomes oxygenated.
describe the role of the pulmonary circuit in the blood.
deoxygenated blood > gets pumped out of the right ventricle > to the pulmonary artery > through the lungs > to the pulmonary vein > where it returns to the left atrium oxygenated.
what is the role of the systemic circuit?
the deliver the oxygenated blood around the body (everywhere)
describe how the blood passes though the systemic circuit?
oxygenated blood > pumped out of the left ventricle > aorta > around the body tissues and head > vena cava > returns to the right atrium deoxygenated.
explain what is meant by the heart being a ‘double pump’.
there are 2 different circuits that the blood takes when the blood is being released from each heart beat.
