The GI Tract Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

What is the function of the spleen?

A
  1. Ingest food
  2. Break it down
  3. Distribute nutrients
  4. Eliminate solid waste
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 concentric layers from inner to outer of the GI tract?

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis
  4. Serosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the esophagus?

A

A muscular tube that courses through the thorax and pierces the diaphragm (around T10) which uses peristalsis and gravity to move food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is the esophagus located?

A

Located anterior and left of aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the GE junction

A

Terminal end of the esophagus “door to the stomach”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the GE junction?

A

Opens to allow food to enter stomach and closes to prevent stomach acids to move up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the GE junction located?

A
  1. Inferior to the diaphragm
  2. Anterior and slightly left of aorta
  3. Posterior to the left lobe of the liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the stomach?

A

Pouch shaped organ responsible for the collection and breakdown of food and drink.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the stomach located?

A

Intraperitoneal and between the esophagus and duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In terms the quadrant method where the spleen it located?

A

Left upper quadrant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are regae?

A

Internal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the parts of the stomach?

A
  1. Cardia
  2. Fundus
  3. Body
  4. Pylorus
  5. Curvatures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the cardia of the stomach?

A

Entrance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the fundus of the stomach

A

Rounded portion above the GE junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the body of the stomach?

A

Major portion of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the pylorus of the stomach?

A

Antrum, canal - communicates with 1st part of duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How are the curvatures of the stomach divided?

A

Divided into lesser and greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How long is the small intestine?

A

6-7 meters in length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the small intestine located?

A

Right lower quadrant and Left Lower quadrant

20
Q

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
21
Q

What is the duodenum?

A

Shortest portion or the epigastric region and connects to the pylorus at pyloric sphincter

22
Q

The duodenum can be divided into how many parts?

23
Q

What is the superior and/or bulb of the duodenum?

A

1st part of the duodenum which is Intraperitoneal, anterior to pancreatic head and is posterior to gallbladder Fundus

24
Q

What is the four parts of the duodenum

A
  1. Superior/ bulb
  2. Descending
  3. Transverse
  4. Ascending
25
What is the descending part of the duodenum?
Second part of the duodenum which is retroperitoneal, vertical portion of the duodenum. Which is located right lateral to pancreatic head and posterior to the transverse colon
26
What is the transverse duodenum?
Third part of the Duodenum which is retroperitoneal, anterior to Aorta/IVS and inferior to pancreatic head
27
What is ascending duodenum?
Fourth part of the duodenum which is retroperitoneal, inferior and medial to head of pancreas, anterior to aorta, and connects to jejunum
28
What is the Jejunum?
Second part of the small intestine which is Intraperitoneal, tightly coiled, and mainly in umbilical region
29
What is the Ileum?
Final and longest portion of the small bowel, which terminates at the junction of the cecum and ascending colon at ileocecal valve.
30
What is the large intestines (colon)?
“Frames” small intestine, has a greater diameter than small bowel, and haustra
31
What is the haustra?
Puckered sacs along length of colon
32
What are divisions of the large intestines?
1. Cecum 2. Colon 3. Sigmoid 4. Rectum 5. Anus
33
What is the Cecum?
Pouch like portion at origin of ascending colon. The appendix extends from inferior portion
34
Where is the cecum located?
RLQ/ Right iliac region
35
What is the Appendix?
Blind- ended tube which courses inferior and medial but variable
36
How big is the appendix?
~ 6- 10 cm long
37
What is the ascending colon?
Retroperitoneal structure that has superior path along the right flank.
38
What is the hepatic flexors of the ascending colon?
90 degree curve in RUQ and connects ascending and transverse colon
39
What is the transverse colon?
Intraperitoneal colon which travels horizontal across midline from hepatic flexure to splenic flexure.
40
How are the flexure positioned in the body in relation to the transverse colon
More posteriorly
41
What is the descending colon?
Retroperitoneal starts at splenic flexure. The splenic flexure more superior than hepatic flexure.
42
What is the path of the descending colon?
Inferior path along left flank
43
What is the sigmoid?
S shaped structure which is the terminal end of the colon located in the left inguinal and suprapubic region
44
What is the rectum?
End of the Large Intestines located in the true pelvis in the pubic region.
45
Where is the rectum located?
Posterior to bladder