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ANHP 205 > Anatomy Of The Neck > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the neck?

A
  1. Support for head
  2. Allow for motion of the head
  3. Passageway
  4. Contains important organs
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2
Q

What is the neck a passageway for?

A
  1. Respiratory and digestive systems
  2. Spinal cord
  3. Major Blood vessels
  4. Never and lymph nodes
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3
Q

What is the C spine?

A

7 vertebra

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4
Q

What is the hyoid bone?

A
  1. Anterior (C-3 level)
  2. Mobile
  3. Muscle attachment and aid to keep airway open
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5
Q

What are the soft tissue glands of the neck?

A
  1. Thyroid
  2. Parathyroid
  3. Salivary
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6
Q

What is the thyroid gland?

A
  1. Butterfly shaped
  2. Thin, fibrous capsule
  3. Endocrine gland
  4. Rich blood supply
  5. Level of C5- T1
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7
Q

What is the right and left lobes of the thyroid?

A
  1. Lateral to midline
  2. Wrap posteriorly to the isthmus
  3. Superior and inferior poles
  4. Posterior to the strap muscles
  5. Anterior to the longs colli muscle
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8
Q

What is the isthmus?

A
  1. Relatively thin, midline bridge
  2. Anterior to trachea and esophagus

~C5

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9
Q

What are the parathyroid glands?

A
  1. Four, small glands
  2. Lie on posterior surface of each thyroid lobe
  3. Lie external to fibrous capsule
  4. Regulate calcium levels
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10
Q

What are the salivary glands?

A
  1. Accessory glands for digestion
  2. Lie in jaw and lower ear area
  3. Produce and secrete saliva into oral cavity
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11
Q

What are the three paired salivary glands?

A
  1. Parotids
  2. Submandibulars
  3. Sublinguals
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12
Q

What is the parotid gland

A
  1. Largest
  2. Wedged between mandible and sternocleidomastoid muscle
  3. Extends from ear office to angle mandible
  4. Draining via stensen’s duct into mounth
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13
Q

What is the submandiular?

A
  1. 2nd largest
  2. Located at angle of the jaw behind mandible
  3. Draining via wharton’s deep posterior to teeth
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14
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

Ibromuscular passageway

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15
Q

What is the three sections the pharynx is divided into?

A
  1. Nasopharynx
  2. Oropharynx
  3. Laryngoharynx
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16
Q

What is the nasopharynx?

A
  1. Superior portion of the pharynx
  2. Directly behind the nose
  3. Adenoid tonsils on paterior wall
  4. Audio tubes enter laterally
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17
Q

What is the oropharynx?

A
  1. Middle portion of pharynx
  2. Direcetly behind the mount
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18
Q

What is the oropharynx?

A
  1. Middle portion of pharynx
  2. Directly behind the mouth
  3. Palestine tonsils on posterior wall
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19
Q

What is the laryngopharnx

A
  1. Inferior portions of pharynx
  2. Adjacent to opening or larynx and esophagus
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20
Q

What is the larynx (voice box)

A
  1. Modified part of air passage
  2. Important cartilages
  3. Epiglottis
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21
Q

What are the Cricoid cartilage?

A
  1. Inferior to thyroid cartilage
  2. Marks start of esophagus and treacherous
22
Q

What is the trachea?

A
  1. Airway to lungs
  2. Divides into left and right main bronchi
  3. Reinforced by C cartilage
  4. Passes through mediastinum
23
Q

Where does the trachea bifurcate?

A

T5

24
Q

What is the location of the trachea?

A
  1. Anterior to esophagus
  2. Posterior to thyroid isthmus
25
Q

The esophagus is what?

A
  1. Muscular canal from mouth to stomach
  2. Travels through mediastinum
  3. Directly anterior to spine
  4. Ends @ GE junction
26
Q

What does the vasculature of the neck contain?

A
  1. Carotid arteries
  2. Vertebral arteries
  3. Jugular veins
27
Q

Where is the location of the vasculature?

A
  1. Lateral aspect of neck
  2. Lateral to the thyroid gland
28
Q

CCAs give off what?

A

No side branches

29
Q

CCAs are surrounded by what?

A

Carotid sheath

30
Q

The CCAs bifurcate into what?

A

Internal and external carotid Artery’s

31
Q

Thyroid ones are what?

A

Medial to CCA

32
Q

What is the internal carotid artery?

A
  1. Enters base of skull through the temporal bone
  2. No branches in the neck region
  3. Connects to the circle of Willis
  4. Supplies blood to brain
33
Q

What is the external carotid artery?

A
  1. Numberous branches
  2. Path is tortuous
  3. Blood Supply to face and scalp
34
Q

What are the vertebral Arteries?

A
  1. 1st branch of subclavian artery bilateral
  2. Ascends through transverse foramina of cervical posterior to CCA
  3. Located posterior to CCA
35
Q

Where does the vertebral arteries enter and exit

A
  1. Enter head via foramen magnum
  2. From the basilar artery within head
36
Q

What are the internal jugular Gaines?

A
  1. Bilateral
  2. Drains venous sinuses in head
  3. Lie lateral to internal and CCA
  4. Runs within carotid sheath
  5. Collapse easily with compression
37
Q

What is the Carotid sheath?

A

Strong fascia that surrounds structures to prevent easy compression

38
Q

What does the carotid sheet do?

A
  1. Strong fascia that surrounds structures to prevent easy compression
39
Q

What does the carotid sheath include?

A
  1. CCA
  2. IJV
  3. Vagus nerve
40
Q

What is the functions of the muscles of the face neck?

A
  1. Facial expression
  2. Mastication
  3. Support of head and neck structures
  4. Movement
41
Q

What is the masseter?

A
  1. Primary muscle of chewing
  2. Deep to parotid gland
  3. Elevates mandible
42
Q

What is the platysma?

A
  1. Large, thin muscular, sheath
  2. Extends from mandible to clavicle
  3. Anterior to strap muscles and SCM
  4. Creates ridges in neck
43
Q

What is the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles?

A
  1. Broad muscle crossing diagonally in neck
  2. From sternum and clavicle o mastoid tip
  3. Lateral and anterior to strap muscles
  4. Turns head from side to side and flexes neck
44
Q

What is the strap muscles?

A

The muscles that are anterior and lateral to the neck

45
Q

What are the three strap muscles?

A
  1. Sternohyoid
  2. Sternothyroid
  3. Omohyoid
46
Q

What is the sternohyoid?

A

The strap muscle which is closest to midline from sternum to hyoid bone

47
Q

What is the sternothyroid?

A

The strap muscle which is
1. Posterior and lateral to stemohyoid muscle
2. Close contact with anterior thyroid surface

48
Q

What is the Omohyoid?

A

Strap muscle which is
1. Lateral to sternohyoid muscle
2. Anterior to sternothyroid

49
Q

What is the Posterior muscles?

A
  1. Scalene
  2. Lavatory scapulae
  3. Trapezius
50
Q

Which of the posterior muscles is the most superficial and most posterior?

A

Trapezius

51
Q

What is the cervical lymphatic system?

A
  1. Extensive lymphatic network in neck
  2. More than 3rd of body’s total number of nodes
52
Q

Where is the cervical lymphatic system located?

A
  1. Deep nodes clustered along vessels
  2. Along lower jaw
  3. Anterior and inferior to ear

ANHP 205 (20 decks)

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