The eye Flashcards by Abbie McKnight

Name 3 chambers (camera bulbi) of the interior eyeball and their location

anterior chamber- camera anterior bulbi - between cornea and iris
Posterior chamber- camera posterior bulbi - between iris, ciliary body and lens
Vitreous chamber - camera vitrea bulbi - behind the lens, surrounded by retina

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Name 3 layers of the eyeball

Fibrous layer - tunica fibrosa bulbi
Vascular layer - tunica vasculosa bulbi
Inner layer - tunica interna bulbi

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Camera anterior bulbi lies between which structures

Cornea and iris

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Camera posterior bulbi lies between which structures

iris, ciliary body and lens

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What is the camera vitrea bulbi surrounded by

retina

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Name 2 structrues of tunica fibrosa bulbi

sclera, cornea

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Which layer of the eyeball contains area cribrosa

Fibrous layer

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Name the structure of the tunica fibrosa bulbi which is situated in the area called polus anterior bulbi

Cornea

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Name the protective layer covering the eyeball

Sclera

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What does the sclera consist of

Dense fibrous connective tissue

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What structure is responsible for the shape of the eye

Sclera

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Name the shallow groove at the junction of sclera and cornea

Sulcus sclerae -scleral groove

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Name the circular ridge on the inner surface of the sclerae where the ciliary muscle attaches

Anulus sclerae

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Name the sinus of the sclera and what it multiplies to form

Sinus venous sclerae,
plexus venous sclerae

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Name the fine holes of sclera through which fibre bundles of optic nerve leave interior of eyeball

Area cribrosa sclerae

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Name the edge of the cornea where it is continuous with the sclera

Limbus cornea

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Name the highest part of the cornea

Vertex cornea

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Name the 5 layers of the cornea

Anterior epithelium
Anterior limiting lamina // Bowman layer
Substantia propria
Posterior limiting lamina // Descement membrane
Posterior epithelium // endothelium of anterior chamber

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What does the vascular tunic of eyeball consist of

Choroidea, Corpus ciliare, Iris

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Name the part of the retina that lines choroidea

Stratum pigmentum retinae

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Name the layers of choroidea (mark innermost and outermost)

Suprachoroid layer <-outermost
Vascular layer
Choroidcapillary layer
Basal layer <-innermost

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In which species does tapetum lucidum not exist

Rabbits, pigs

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Name the part of the eyeball where tapetum lucidum is located

Tunica vasculosa bulbi - the choroidea

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What causes the luster (reflection) of eyes

Tapetum lucidum

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Function of tapetum lucidum

Aid vision at dusk and dawn

Name the kind of tapetum lucidum typical for: a) carnivores b) herbivores

a)Tapetum cellulosum b) Tapetum fibrosum

Which animals have tapetum fibrosum

Herbivores

Which animals have tapetum cellulosum

Carnivores

Name the thick annular part of tunica vasculosa between choroid and iris

Corpus ciliare

Name the portion of the ciiary body adjacent to the iris, bearing ciliary process

Ciliary crown, Cornary ciliaris

Name the radially angled fibroelastic ridges on the inner surface of the ciliary crown

Process ciliaris, Ciliary process

What secretes aqueous humor

Process ciliaris, Ciliary process

Name the microscopic folds on and between the ciliary process

Plicae ciliaris

Name the flat portion of the ciliary body continuous with choroid

Orbiculus ciliaris

Name the ring of smooth muscle fibres in the ciliary body

m. ciliaris

What structure accommodates the lens

m. ciliaris

What causes m. ciliaris to contract

Parasympathetic innervation

What helps focus on near objects

Parasympathetic innervation of m. cilliaris

What causes relaxation of m. ciliaris

Sympathetic impulses

What permits focusing on distant objects

Sympathetic impulses of m.ciliaris

What is the central opening of the iris

Pupil

Name the ligament between cornea and iris

Lig. pectinatum

Structure in angulus irdocornealis

Lig. pectinatum anguli iridocornealis

What gives the eyes colour

Pigmented cells of the IRIS

Function of pigmented cells of iris

Protects retina from intense light

Which animals have granula iridica (corpora nigrans)

Equine, ruminants

Structures on the margo pupillaris in equine and ruminants

Granula iridica (corpora nigrans)

Name the vascular extension of the stroma of the iris covered by pigmented epithelium

Granula iridica (corpora nigrans)

Name the smooth muscle fibres that constrict the pupil (parasympathetic)

m. sphincter pupillae

Name the smooth muscle fibres that relax (open) the pupil

m. dilatator pupillae

Give 3 examples of intrinsic muscles of the eye

m. ciliaris m. dilator pupillae m. sphincter pupillae

Name the layer of the retina which contains rods and cones

Stratum pigmentum retinae

Name 2 parts of tunica interna bulbi and the structures between them

Pars caeca retinae (non visual part) - Pars ciliaris retinae - Pars iradica retinae Pars optica retinae (visual part)

Name 2 parts of retina separated by ora serrata

Pars optica retina Pars caeca retinae

Name the light- insensitive part of retina

Pars caeca retinae

Name the light sensitive part of retina

Pars optica retinae

Name the layers of the optic part of the eye. Indicate inner and outer layer

Stratum pigmentosum <- outer Stratum nervosum <- inner

Name the layer of the retina containing photorecpetors and synapsing layers

Stratum nervosum - inner pigmented layer

Name the retinal blood vessels

Vasa sanguina retinae

Name the ligament between cornea and iris

Lig. pectinatum

Name the largest chamber of the eye`

Camera vitrea bulbi

Name the depression on the anterior surface of corpus vitreum (vitreous body) occupied by iris

Fossa hyaloidea

Where is the lens located

Fossa hyaloidea of anterior surface of vitreous body

Name the transparent, biconcave structure that focuses light on the retina

Lens

Name the 3 structures of the lens

Capsule of the lens - capsula lentis Lens epithelium - epithelium lentis Lens fibres - fibrae lentis

What is the hard centre of the lens

Nucleus lentis

What fixes the lens in position

Zonula ciliaris

Name the structure which suspends the lens

zonula ciliaris

Name the homogenous fibres extending from the ciliary process to the capsule of the lens

Fibrae zonulares

Name the fibrous membrane enclosing the eyeball and its muscles, blood vessels, and nerves

Periorbita

Name the orbital fat inside and outside the periorbita

Corpus adiposum intraperiorbital et extraperiobital

What separates the bulbar sheath and sclera

Episcleral space

Name the structures where gll. tarsals are situated

upper and lower eyelid - palpebra superior and inferior

Give 2 other names of the membrane nictitans

3rd eyelid Palpebra tertia Plica semilunaris conjunctiva

Name the stucture surrounding the saccus conjunctivae

Palpebrae (inferior and superior) Bulbus oculi

What enters and exits saccus lacrimalis

Enters - canaliculi lacrimalis Exits - Ductus lacrimalis

Name the beginning of the optic nerve visible on the fundus that lacks receptors

Discus n. optici