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Animal Anatomy > The eye > Flashcards

The eye Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 chambers (camera bulbi) of the interior eyeball and their location

A

anterior chamber- camera anterior bulbi - between cornea and iris
Posterior chamber- camera posterior bulbi - between iris, ciliary body and lens
Vitreous chamber - camera vitrea bulbi - behind the lens, surrounded by retina

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2
Q

Name 3 layers of the eyeball

A

Fibrous layer - tunica fibrosa bulbi
Vascular layer - tunica vasculosa bulbi
Inner layer - tunica interna bulbi

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3
Q

Camera anterior bulbi lies between which structures

A

Cornea and iris

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4
Q

Camera posterior bulbi lies between which structures

A

iris, ciliary body and lens

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5
Q

What is the camera vitrea bulbi surrounded by

A

retina

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6
Q

Name 2 structrues of tunica fibrosa bulbi

A

sclera, cornea

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7
Q

Which layer of the eyeball contains area cribrosa

A

Fibrous layer

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8
Q

Name the structure of the tunica fibrosa bulbi which is situated in the area called polus anterior bulbi

A

Cornea

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9
Q

Name the protective layer covering the eyeball

A

Sclera

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10
Q

What does the sclera consist of

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue

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11
Q

What structure is responsible for the shape of the eye

A

Sclera

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12
Q

Name the shallow groove at the junction of sclera and cornea

A

Sulcus sclerae -scleral groove

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13
Q

Name the circular ridge on the inner surface of the sclerae where the ciliary muscle attaches

A

Anulus sclerae

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14
Q

Name the sinus of the sclera and what it multiplies to form

A

Sinus venous sclerae,
plexus venous sclerae

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15
Q

Name the fine holes of sclera through which fibre bundles of optic nerve leave interior of eyeball

A

Area cribrosa sclerae

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16
Q

Name the edge of the cornea where it is continuous with the sclera

A

Limbus cornea

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17
Q

Name the highest part of the cornea

A

Vertex cornea

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18
Q

Name the 5 layers of the cornea

A

Anterior epithelium
Anterior limiting lamina // Bowman layer
Substantia propria
Posterior limiting lamina // Descement membrane
Posterior epithelium // endothelium of anterior chamber

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19
Q

What does the vascular tunic of eyeball consist of

A

Choroidea, Corpus ciliare, Iris

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20
Q

Name the part of the retina that lines choroidea

A

Stratum pigmentum retinae

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21
Q

Name the layers of choroidea (mark innermost and outermost)

A

Suprachoroid layer <-outermost
Vascular layer
Choroidcapillary layer
Basal layer <-innermost

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22
Q

In which species does tapetum lucidum not exist

A

Rabbits, pigs

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23
Q

Name the part of the eyeball where tapetum lucidum is located

A

Tunica vasculosa bulbi - the choroidea

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24
Q

What causes the luster (reflection) of eyes

A

Tapetum lucidum

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25
Q

Function of tapetum lucidum

A

Aid vision at dusk and dawn

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26
Q

Name the kind of tapetum lucidum typical for:
a) carnivores
b) herbivores

A

a)Tapetum cellulosum
b) Tapetum fibrosum

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27
Q

Which animals have tapetum fibrosum

A

Herbivores

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28
Q

Which animals have tapetum cellulosum

A

Carnivores

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29
Q

Name the thick annular part of tunica vasculosa between choroid and iris

A

Corpus ciliare

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30
Q

Name the portion of the ciiary body adjacent to the iris, bearing ciliary process

A

Ciliary crown, Cornary ciliaris

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31
Q

Name the radially angled fibroelastic ridges on the inner surface of the ciliary crown

A

Process ciliaris, Ciliary process

32
Q

What secretes aqueous humor

A

Process ciliaris, Ciliary process

33
Q

Name the microscopic folds on and between the ciliary process

A

Plicae ciliaris

34
Q

Name the flat portion of the ciliary body continuous with choroid

A

Orbiculus ciliaris

35
Q

Name the ring of smooth muscle fibres in the ciliary body

A

m. ciliaris

36
Q

What structure accommodates the lens

A

m. ciliaris

37
Q

What causes m. ciliaris to contract

A

Parasympathetic innervation

38
Q

What helps focus on near objects

A

Parasympathetic innervation of m. cilliaris

39
Q

What causes relaxation of m. ciliaris

A

Sympathetic impulses

40
Q

What permits focusing on distant objects

A

Sympathetic impulses of m.ciliaris

41
Q

What is the central opening of the iris

42
Q

Name the ligament between cornea and iris

A

Lig. pectinatum

43
Q

Structure in angulus irdocornealis

A

Lig. pectinatum anguli iridocornealis

44
Q

What gives the eyes colour

A

Pigmented cells of the IRIS

45
Q

Function of pigmented cells of iris

A

Protects retina from intense light

46
Q

Which animals have granula iridica (corpora nigrans)

A

Equine, ruminants

47
Q

Structures on the margo pupillaris in equine and ruminants

A

Granula iridica (corpora nigrans)

48
Q

Name the vascular extension of the stroma of the iris covered by pigmented epithelium

A

Granula iridica (corpora nigrans)

49
Q

Name the smooth muscle fibres that constrict the pupil (parasympathetic)

A

m. sphincter pupillae

50
Q

Name the smooth muscle fibres that relax (open) the pupil

A

m. dilatator pupillae

51
Q

Give 3 examples of intrinsic muscles of the eye

A

m. ciliaris
m. dilator pupillae
m. sphincter pupillae

52
Q

Name the layer of the retina which contains rods and cones

A

Stratum pigmentum retinae

53
Q

Name 2 parts of tunica interna bulbi and the structures between them

A

Pars caeca retinae (non visual part)
- Pars ciliaris retinae
- Pars iradica retinae
Pars optica retinae (visual part)

54
Q

Name 2 parts of retina separated by ora serrata

A

Pars optica retina
Pars caeca retinae

55
Q

Name the light- insensitive part of retina

A

Pars caeca retinae

56
Q

Name the light sensitive part of retina

A

Pars optica retinae

57
Q

Name the layers of the optic part of the eye.
Indicate inner and outer layer

A

Stratum pigmentosum <- outer
Stratum nervosum <- inner

58
Q

Name the layer of the retina containing photorecpetors and synapsing layers

A

Stratum nervosum - inner pigmented layer

59
Q

Name the retinal blood vessels

A

Vasa sanguina retinae

60
Q

Name the ligament between cornea and iris

A

Lig. pectinatum

61
Q

Name the largest chamber of the eye`

A

Camera vitrea bulbi

62
Q

Name the depression on the anterior surface of corpus vitreum (vitreous body) occupied by iris

A

Fossa hyaloidea

63
Q

Where is the lens located

A

Fossa hyaloidea of anterior surface of vitreous body

64
Q

Name the transparent, biconcave structure that focuses light on the retina

65
Q

Name the 3 structures of the lens

A

Capsule of the lens - capsula lentis
Lens epithelium - epithelium lentis
Lens fibres - fibrae lentis

66
Q

What is the hard centre of the lens

A

Nucleus lentis

67
Q

What fixes the lens in position

A

Zonula ciliaris

68
Q

Name the structure which suspends the lens

A

zonula ciliaris

69
Q

Name the homogenous fibres extending from the ciliary process to the capsule of the lens

A

Fibrae zonulares

70
Q

Name the fibrous membrane enclosing the eyeball and its muscles, blood vessels, and nerves

A

Periorbita

71
Q

Name the orbital fat inside and outside the periorbita

A

Corpus adiposum intraperiorbital et extraperiobital

72
Q

What separates the bulbar sheath and sclera

A

Episcleral space

73
Q

Name the structures where gll. tarsals are situated

A

upper and lower eyelid - palpebra superior and inferior

74
Q

Give 2 other names of the membrane nictitans

A

3rd eyelid
Palpebra tertia
Plica semilunaris conjunctiva

75
Q

Name the stucture surrounding the saccus conjunctivae

A

Palpebrae (inferior and superior)
Bulbus oculi

76
Q

What enters and exits saccus lacrimalis

A

Enters - canaliculi lacrimalis
Exits - Ductus lacrimalis

77
Q

Name the beginning of the optic nerve visible on the fundus that lacks receptors

A

Discus n. optici

Animal Anatomy (19 decks)

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