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Animal Anatomy > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic function of the respiratory system?
What are the additional functions?

A

Gas Exchange
Warming, Filtering, and Mositening of inspired Air
Olfactory Perception
Phonation

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2
Q

Name 3 parts of the Cavum Larynges

A

Vestibulum Larynges
Glotties
Cavum Infraglotticum

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3
Q

Name in Latin
A) Paired Cartilage of Larynx
B) Openings between Cavum Pharyngis and Middle Ear

A

A) Cartilagines Arythenoideae
B) Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditvae

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4
Q

What makes the bony part of the Middle Nasal Cavity?

A

The second Endoturbinate (Endoturbinate II) - adjacent to the first

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5
Q

Explain the 1st Endoturbinate.
What does it form?

A

Longest, most dorsal turbinate
Extends furthest into the nasal cavity
Forms osseous base of dorsal nasal conchae (Concha Nasalis Dorsalis)

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6
Q

What does the Tuba Auditiva connect?

A

Middle Ear and Nasopharynx

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7
Q

Name in Latin the main parts of the lung which occupy the space known as Cupula Pleurae and the part which occupies the Recesses Costodiaphragmaticus

A

Apex Pulmonis
Margo Acutus
Accessory Lobe which occupies Recess space

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8
Q

Name the functional parts of the Nasal Cavity and underline the largest of them

A

Nasal Vestibulum ~> Vestibulum Nasi
Proper Nasal Cavity ~> Cavum Nasi Proprium (underlined)

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9
Q

Name in Latin the Rostral part of the Nasal Cavity lined by Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Vestibulum Nasi

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10
Q

Name in Latin the structures separating the Maxillary Sinus

A

Canalis Infraorbitalis

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11
Q

Name in English and Latin the structure which connects the dorsal and ventral portion of the Pharynx

A

Ostium Intrapharyngeum

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12
Q

Ostium Intrapharyngeum is formed by 2 mucosal folds, Name them in English and Latin

A

Free border of the Soft Palate
~> Arcus Veli Palatini
~> Arcus Palatopharyngeus Dexter st Sinister

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13
Q

Give the forms of the nostril in carnivores and small ruminants, cattle pigs, and horses

A

Planum Nasale - Nasal Plane (Carnivore/Small Ruminant)
Planum Nasolabiale - Nasolabiale Plane (Cattle)
Planum Rostrale - Rostrale Plane (Pig)
Almost unmodified skin (horse)

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14
Q

Name 2 Functional Regions of the Nasal Cavity

A

Regio Olfactoria
Regio Respiratoria

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15
Q

Specify Organs located in the Mediastinum Craniale

A

Trachea
Esophagus
Thymus Gland

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16
Q

What notch in the Thyroid is important during surgery in Roaring Horses?

A

Caudal Thyroid Notch (Incisura Throidea Caudalis)

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17
Q

Name in Latin, lobe of the right lung which surrounds Vena Cava Caudalis

A

Accessory Lobe (Lobus Accessorius Pulmonis Dextri)

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18
Q

Name the 4 Larynx Cartilages and which
A) Forms the floor of the Larynx
B) Forms the caudal end of the Larynx

A

Epiglottic Cartilage
Thyroid Cartilage
Arytenoid Cartilage
Cricoid Cartilage
A) Thyroid Cartilage
B) Cricoid Cartilage

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19
Q

Name the parts of the Nasal Septum

A

Osseous Part ~> Perpendicular part of the Ethmoid Bone
Cartilaginous Part
Mucosal Part

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20
Q

Name in Latin, Tonsils which are visible during clinical examination of the throat of the dog

A

Tonsilla Palatina

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21
Q

Name all the Bones that give the framework of the nose

A

Frontal
Nasal
Maxilla
Incisive
Vomer
Palatine
Ethmoid bone

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22
Q

In the Pig, name the disc-like movable part of the muzzle

A

Rostrum or Snout

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23
Q

Name the Nasal Cartilages

A

Dorsal Lateral Nasal Cartilage
Ventral Lateral Nasal Cartilage
Alar Nasal Cartilage

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24
Q

Name the Nasal Cartilage lacking in the Horse

A

Ventral Lateral Nasal Cartilage

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25
Q

Name the Cartilage only present in the Horse

A

Alar Cartilage

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26
Q

What divides the Planum Nasi?

A

Philtrum

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27
Q

The entrance to the Lateral Laryngeal Ventricle is boarded by 2 mucosal folds, Name them in English and Latin

A

Vestibular Fold (Plica Vestibularis) - Rostrally
Vocal Fold (Plica Vocalis) - Caudally

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28
Q

Name the Structure in the Nasal Vestibule

A

Nasal Septum (Septum Nasi)
Skin-like Mucosa
Nasolacrimal Opening
Nasal Diverticulum - Horse

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29
Q

Name in Latin and English the Biggest Paranasal Sinus in the Horse

A

Maxillary Sinus (Sinus Maxillaris - Rostralis et Caudalis)

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30
Q

Maxillary Sinus (Sinus Maxillaris - Rostralis et Caudalis)

A

Nasomaxillary Aperture (Apertura Nasomaxillaris)
Meatus Nasi Medius

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31
Q

The inlet to the Laryngeal Cavity is bounded by 2 structures located on the lateral sides, name these in English and Latin

A

Plica Aryepiglottis (Aryepiglottic Fold)
Cartilage Arytenoidea (Arytenoid Cartilage)

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32
Q

Name the most Rostral part of the larynx which protrudes into the oropharynx

A

Corona Laryngis

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33
Q

Name
A) Upper Respiratory Tract
B) Lower Respiratory Tract

A

A) - Nose
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Nasopharynx

B) - Larynx
- Trachea
- Lungs

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34
Q

Name the Processes of the Arytenoid Cartilage and underline the one that is directed toward the lumen of the Pharynx

A

Corniculate Process
Vocal Process (underlined)
Muscular Process

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35
Q

Name in Latin or English the Processes of the Arytenoid Cartilages and underline the one which is attached to the cartilage Cricoidea

A

Corniculate Process
Vocal Process
Muscular Process

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36
Q

In dogs, the Pharyngoesophageal junction is marked by a mucosal fold, name it in Latin

A

Annular Mucosal Boundary (Limen Pharyngo-esophageum)

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37
Q

Write in Latin the term which describes the entrances to the esophagus

A

Aditus Esophageus

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38
Q

Name the sites of gas exchange in Latin

A

Bronchuli Respiratorii
Ductuli Alveolaris
Sacculi Alveolaris
Alveoli Pulmonaris

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39
Q

Name in Latin and English Nerves which play Sensory and Motor Innervation of the Larynx

A

Cranial Laryngeal Nerve (n. Laryngeus Cranialis)
Caudal Laryngeal Nerve (n. Laryngeus Caudalis)
Recurrent Nerves (nn. Laryngei Recurrentes)

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40
Q

What is the Maxillary Sinus broken into in the horse?

A

Sinus Maxillaris Rostralis
Sinus Maxillaris Caudalis

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41
Q

Where is the Lateral Nasal Gland situated in the dog?

A

Within the Maxillary Recesses

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42
Q

Name the biggest Paranasal Sinus in
A) Horse
B) Cattle

A

A) Sinus Maxillaris
B) Sinus Frontalis

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43
Q

Where are the vessels supplying the lungs?
What Vessels do you find here?

A

Radix Pulmonis
Hilus Pulmonis
Pulmonary Artery and Vein
Bronchial Artery and Vein
Lymph Vessel
Nerves

44
Q

Name in Latin the Opening Connecting the Upper and Lower Portion of the Pharynx and the Mucosal Fold surrounding the Ostium Intrapharyngeum

A

Arcus Veli Palatini
Arcus Palatopharyngeus

45
Q

Name in English and Latin the Lobes of the Left Lung in the Dog

A

Cranial Lobe (Lobus Cranialis)
~> Divided into Pars Cranialis and Pars Caudalis
Caudal Lobe (Lobus Caudalis)

46
Q

Name the Mucosal Folds of the Dog

A

Plica Obliqua
Plicae Parallelae

47
Q

Name in Latin the Nerves which supply Sensory and Motor Innervation to the Larynx

A

N. Laryngis Cranialis ~> Sensory
N. Laryngis Caudalis ~> Motor

48
Q

What is the function of Plica Vocalis?

A

Vocalisation by the vibration of vocal folds during inspiration and expiration by vocal muscles and fast twitching of the diaphragm

49
Q

Name in Latin the Recess on the 2 sides of the epiglottis which serve as a channel for fluids

A

Recess Piriformis

50
Q

Name in Latin and English the pathway for air flow in the nasal cavity which communicates with the paranasal sinuses.

A

The Middle Nasal Meatus (Meatus Nasi Medius)

51
Q

What covers the Rostral opening of the Larynx during swallowing?

A

Epiglottis

52
Q

Name in Latin the biggest part of the pharynx located caudodorsal to the Soft Palate

A

Pars Nasalis Pharyngis

53
Q

Name in Latin paired openings which are located on lateral walls of the above chamber

A

Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditive

54
Q

Name in Latin mucosal folds which run rostroventrally from the nasal conchae to the Vestibulum Nasi

A

Basal Fold (Plica Basalis)
Plica Alaris

55
Q

Name precisely the space in the thoracic cavity where the Trachea is located

A

Mediastinum

56
Q

Name in English and Latin Triangular space between Vocal Folds

A

Rima Glottidis (Glottic Cleft)

57
Q

Which lobe in ruminants is ventilated by Bronchus Trachealis?

A

Right Cranial Lobe

58
Q

Write in Latin the name of the Tracheal Lumen Crest which is located on the Caudal side of its Bifurcation

A

Carina Tracheae

59
Q

What forms the base of the Dorsal Nasal Conchae?

A

The First Endoturbinate

60
Q

Name in Latin the Upper part of the Glottis

A

Pars Laryngea Pharyngis or Pars Intercartilaginea

61
Q

Name the structures where the Trachea divides Dichotomously

A

Trachea Bifurcation

62
Q

Name in Latin the part of the Respiratory passageways which is interposed between Bronchi Principles and Bronchi Segmentales

A

Bronchi Lobares

63
Q

Name the opening which connects the maxillary Sinus to the Nasal Cavity

A

Apertura Nasomaxillaris

64
Q

What covers the Outer Layer of the Trachea?

A

Tunica Adventitia ~ Cervical Part
Mediastinal Pleura ~ Thoracic Part

65
Q

What makes the Mucosa in the Trachea

A

Pseudostratified Ciliated Epithelium
Tracheal Mucous Glands

66
Q

How is the space between the Tracheal Rings branched?

A

M. Trachealis

67
Q

What constricts the Lumen of the Larynx?

A

Plica Vocalis
Plica Vestibularis

68
Q

What makes up the Vocal Fold of the Laryngeal Cavity?

A

Lig. Vocalis
M. Vocalis
Tunica Mucosa

69
Q

The intrapharyngeal opening is formed by 2 Mucosal folds, name them in Latin and English

A

Free Border of the Soft Palate (Arcus Veli Palatini)
Palatopharyngeal Arches (Arcus Palatopharyngeus)

70
Q

Name the openings of the Auditory Tube in the middle Ear and Pharynx

A

Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditivae
Ostium Tympanicum Tubae Auditivae

71
Q

Give 3 branches of the bronchi, beginning with the primary one

A

Bronchi Principles
Bronchi Lobares
Bronchi Segmentales

72
Q

Name 2 parts of the Glottis

A

Pars Intermembranacea
Pars Intercartilaginea

73
Q

What are the endings of the Nasal Conchaes?
Underline the one which contains the Lacrimal Duct

A

Plica Recta ~ Straight Fold
Plica Alaris ~ Alar Fold
Plica Basalis ~ Basal Fold (Underlined)

74
Q

Name the borders of the Lungs

A

Margo Costalis
Margo Dorsalis Seu Obtusus
Margo Ventralis and Basalis - Seu Acutus
Margo Mediastinalis
Margo Diaphragmatica

75
Q

Name 2 parts of Margo Acutus

A

Margo Ventralis
Margo Basalis

76
Q

Name in Latin the Main parts of the Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx - Pars Nasalis Pharyngis
Oropharynx - Pars Oralis Pharyngis
Laryngopharynx - Pars Laryngea Pharyngis

77
Q

Name in Latin and English the structures surrounding the entrance to the Larynx

A

Epiglottis
Plica Aryepiglottica
Cartilaginous Arytenoidea

78
Q

Name in Latin the part of the Lungs which is Ventilate by the Bronchus Segmentalis

A

Segmenta Bronchopulmonalia

79
Q

What is present on the floor of the Laryngeal Vestibule?

A

Recessus Laryngis Medianus

80
Q

How is the Nasal Plate in the dog kept moist?

A

Lateral Nasal Gland

81
Q

Name in Latin the opening between Sinus Maxillaris and Nasal Cavity

A

Apertura Nasomaxillaris

82
Q

Name paired openings between Nasal Cavity and Nasopharynx

A

Choanae

83
Q

Name the openings between Oral Cavity and Oropharynx

A

Isthmus Faucium

84
Q

What makes up the Fibro-Cartilaginous Layer of the Trachea?
Underline the Dorsal one

A

Cartilagines Trachealis
Ligamenta Anularia
M. Trachealis (underlined)

85
Q

What is the Nose known as?

A

Rhin
Nasus

86
Q

What structure at the base of the Nasal Cavity is responsible for Smell?

A

Organum Vomernasale

87
Q

Name the crest at the tracheal Bifurcation

A

Carina Tracheae

88
Q

Name in Latin the Median Caudal Blind Sac formed by the Mucous Membrane of the Nasopharynx

A

Pharyngeal Diverticulum (Pig)
Pharyngeal Recess (Ungulates)

89
Q

Name in English the Triangular Space between Vocal Folds.
It consists of 2 structures, name them in Latin

A

Glottic Cleft (Rim Glottis)
Pars Intercartilaginea
Pars Intermembranacea

90
Q

What is the Orifice of the Nasolacrimal Duct located?

A

Ventral Nasal Meatus

91
Q

What Blood Vessels supply the Larynx?

A

Cranial Thyroid Artery

92
Q

How is the Rostrum/Snout supported?

A

By the Rostral Bone Covered by Modified Skin

93
Q

In the Dog, the Pharyngoesophageal junction is marked by a Mucosal Fold.
Name it in Latin

A

Annular Mucosal Boundary (Limen Pharyngo-Esophageum)

94
Q

Write the Latin term which describes the entrance to the Esophagus

A

Aditus Esophageus

95
Q

Name in Latin the part of the Pharynx extending Dorsally to the Soft Palate

A

Pars Nasalis Pharyngis

96
Q

Name in Latin the opening which connects Maxillary Sinus and the Nasal Cavity.
Which Nasal Meatus does it open to?

A

Apertura Nasomaxillaris
Meatus Nasi Medius

97
Q

Name the pathway for airflow (situated inside the Nasal Cavity) which communicates with the Paranasal sinuses

A

Middle Nasal Meatus (Meatus Nasi Medius)

98
Q

Which animals have Sinus Lacrimalis?
Which animals have Recessus Lacrimalis?

A

Pig, Ruminantes
Dog

99
Q

Name in English and Latin the Fluid filled Cleft between the Visceral and Parietal Pleura

A

Pleural Cavity (Cavum Pleurae)

100
Q

Name the Blind Sac extending in the Horse Nostril.
What is another name for this?

A

Nasal Diverticulum
False Nostril

101
Q

Pleura Parietalis is divided into 3 main parts.
Name them in English and in Latin

A

Costal Pleura (Pleura Costalis)
Mediastinal Pleura (Pleura Mediastinalis)
Diaphragmatic Pleura (Pleura Diaphragmatica)
(Pleura Pericardiaca)

102
Q

Name the Nasal Meatus

A

Dorsal Nasal Meatus
Middle Nasal Meatus
Ventral Nasal Meatus
Common Nasal Meatus

103
Q

Name in Latin the Largest Meatus in the Nasal Cavity

A

Meatus Nasi Ventralis

104
Q

Name the Conchae which originate(s) from Labyrinthus Ethmoidalis

A

Concha Nasalis Dorsalis
Concha Nasalis Medius

105
Q

Name 2 parts of the Rima Epiglottitis

A

Pars Cartilaginea
Pars Intermembranacea

Animal Anatomy (19 decks)

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