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Animal Anatomy > Common integument > Flashcards

Common integument Flashcards

1
Q

Function of common integument

A

Protection of the body against mechanical, physical, chemical and biological factors in environment

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2
Q

What are specialised structures of common integument

A

Subcutaneous tissue (subcutis, teal subcutanea)
Skin (cutis) with dermis, epidermis, horns
Modifications:
- skin glands (glandulae cutis) incuding mammary glands
- Foot pads (tori)
- Enclosure of distal phalanx: nail, claw, hoof
- Horn (cornu)

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3
Q

Name the structure in skin constisting of epidermis, dermis (corium) and tela subcutanea

A

Cutis

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4
Q

What can skin be further divided into

A

Dermis (corium) - deep CT layer
Epidermis - superficial epithelium
Tela subcutanea

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5
Q

What is the collective term for the sensory nerve endings

A

Terminationes nervorum

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6
Q

What structure contains the cutaneous glands

A

Dermis

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7
Q

Name 2 layers of the dermis

A

reticular layer - stratum reticulare
Papillary layer - stratum papillare

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8
Q

Name the layer of the surface of the skin

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

Name the 5 layers of the epidermis

A

Basal layer -stratum basale
Prickle-cell layer - stratum spinosum
Granular layer - stratum granulosum
Clear layer - stratum lucidum
Horny layer - stratum corneum

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10
Q

Name the grooves of the skin

A

Sulci cutis

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11
Q

What animals have sulci cutis, plica cutis and sinus cutanei

A

Ruminants

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12
Q

What is the general term for various cutaneous pouches

A

Sinus cutanei

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13
Q

What species have skin pouches (sinus cutanei)

A

Sheep, cat , dog

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14
Q

Name 2 muscles of the skin

A

mm. cutanei
mm. arrectores pilorum

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15
Q

Name the term for all types of hair

A

Pili

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16
Q

Name the guard hairs of the mammals coat

A

Capilli

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17
Q

Which animal have pili lanei

A

(wool hairs)
Sheep

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18
Q

Which animal has satae hairs

A

Pigs
(stiff bristles)

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19
Q

In which animals are capilli absent

A

Sheep-pili lanei
Pig - satae

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20
Q

Name the 3 parts each hair consists of

A

Medulla pili
Cortex pili
Cuticula pili (cuticle)

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21
Q

In which animal is the medulla pili absent

A

Sheep
(absent in pili lanei)

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22
Q

Name the portion of hair that extends from skin

A

scapus pili (hair shaft)

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23
Q

Name the part of hair embedded in skin

A

Radix pili (hair root)

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24
Q

Name the proximal enlarged part of hair root, enclosed by hair papilla

A

Bulbus pili (bulb of hair)

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25
Q

Name the invagination of the epidermis and CT conclosing the embedded part of the hair

A

Folliculus pili - hair follicle

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26
Q

Name the muscles that raise the hair, that extend for the side of the hair follicle to the papillary layer

A

mm. arrectores pilorum

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27
Q

What is the name of the hairs surrounding blood sinus and nerve endings? Give examples of these hair characteristics in feline

A

Pili tactiles
eg. Pili tactiles carpales

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28
Q

Name the tactile hairs in cats

A

Pili tactiles carpales

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29
Q

Which animal has pili tactiles carpales

A

Cat

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30
Q

What is the name of the hair on the whiskers of cat

A

Pili tactiles

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31
Q

Name the 5 types of tactile hairs

A

Supraorbital tactile hairs
Infraorbital tactile hairs
Zygomatic tactile hairs
Buccal tactile hairs
Mental tactile hairs

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32
Q

Location of pili tactiles carpales in cats

A

On the caudomedial surface of the forearm

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33
Q

Specify main patterns of hair streams in domestic mammals

A

Flumina pilorum - pointing in one direction
Vortex pilorum convergens - converging swirl
Vortex pilorum divergens - diverging swirl
Linea pilorum convergens - crest formed by converging hairs
Linea pilorum divergens - Parting or trough formed by diverging hairs
Cruces pilorum - Cross-shaped

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34
Q

Give 5 examples of hair patterns in domestic animals

A

Capilli (hair of mammals coat)
Setae (pigs coat)
Pili longi (long hairs of horse)
Pili tactiles (stiff hairs, mainly on head)
Pili lanei (sheeps wool)

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35
Q

Name the hairs of the vestibulum nasi

A

(Nasi) vibrissae

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36
Q

Name the hairs of the mane

A

Juba

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37
Q

Name the hairs at the entrance to the acoustic meatus

A

Tragi

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38
Q

Name the hairs of the eyelashes

A

Cilia

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39
Q

Which animals have barba

A

Goat

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40
Q

Name the long tufts of hair on the lower jaw of goat

A

Barba (beard)

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41
Q

Name the cranial hairs of the mane that fall onto head of horses

A

Cirrus capitis

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42
Q

Which animal has cirrus capitis

A

Horse

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43
Q

Which animal has juba

A

Horse

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44
Q

Name the long hairs of the tail

A

Cirrus caudae

45
Q

Name the hairs of fetlock in horses

A

Cirrus metacarpeus/tarseus

46
Q

Which animal has cirrus metacarpeus/tarseus

A

Horse

47
Q

Name 4 groups of hairs in horse

A

Juba (neck hairs)
Cirrus caudae
Cirrus capitis
Cirrus metacarpeus/tarseus

48
Q

Name the two basic types of skin glands

A

gll. sudoiferae - sweat glands - rare
gll. sebacea - sebaceous glands - common
also mammary glands

49
Q

Which animals has the following eccrine sweat glands
gl. tori
gl. plani nasolabialis
gl. plani nasalis
gl. plani rostralis
gl. carpales

A

gl. tori - carnivore
gl. plani nasolabialis - Bovine
gl. plani nasalis - small ruminants
gl. plani rostralis - Swine
gl. carpales -swine

50
Q

Name the eccrine sweat glands in pig

A

gl. plani rostralis
gl. carpales

51
Q

Name the apocrine sweat glands

A

gll. odoriferae

52
Q

Give another name for the flank organ

A

Organ of kupperman

53
Q

What kind of glands are sebaceous glands

A

Holocrine

54
Q

What kind of glands or sweat glands

A

Apocrine and eccrine

55
Q

Name the fatty secretion secreted by sebaceous glands

A

Sebum

56
Q

Name 4 types of sebaceous glands

A

gll. circumorales
gll. cornualis
gll. tarsales
gll. praeputiales

57
Q

Name the skin glands of carnivores

A

gll. circumanales - circumanal glands
gll. sinus paraanales - perianal glands
gll. caudae - tail glands
gll. tori- in the footpads
gll. circumorales - cats

58
Q

Name the sebaceous glands in the lips of cats

A

Circumoral glands

59
Q

Name the skin glands of pigs

A

gll. plani rostralis
gll. preputiales
gll.mentales
gll. carpeae

60
Q

Name the skin glands of bovine

A

gll. plani nasolabialis

61
Q

Name the skin glands of sheep

A

gll. plani nasalis
gll. sinus infraorbitalis
gll. sinus inguinalis
gll. interdigitalis

62
Q

Name the skin glands of goat

A

gll. plani nasalis
gll. cornualis

63
Q

Name the skin glands of horse

A

gll. tori - gland of the frog

64
Q

Name the gland of the ear canal present in all domestic animals

A

gll. ceruminosae

65
Q

What is the number of mammae in
a)dog
b)cat
c)pig
d)cow
e)sheep, goats and horse

A

a)dog -10
b)cat - 8
c)pig - 14
d)cow - 4
e)sheep, goats and horse - 2

66
Q

What is the main structures of the mammary gland

A

Corpus mammae
Papillae mammae

67
Q

What animals have Udder/ uber (mamma)

A

Ruminants and Equine

68
Q

Name the mamma of males

A

Mamma masculine

69
Q

In which animals is the papillae mammae known as
a) nipple
b) teat

A

a) carnivores and pigs
b) ruminant

70
Q

Name the structure on the surface of the skin where milk is withdrawn

A

Papilla mammae

71
Q

Name the part of the mammae continued appically by papilla mammae

A

Corpus mammae

72
Q

Name the muscle surrounding ductus papillaris

A

m.sphincter papillae

73
Q

In which animals in the m.sphincter papillae know as the teat sphincter

A

Ruminants

74
Q

What is the usual number of glands per mamma in
a)cat
b)dog
c) pig
d) ruminant
e) equine

A

a)cat - 5-7
b)dog - 8-14
c) pig - 2
d) ruminant - 1
e) equine - 2

75
Q

What supports the weight of the mamma

A

lamella suspensoriae

76
Q

What is the greek name for mamma

A

Sutek, Mastos

77
Q

What can the duct system of each mammary gland be subdivided into

A

terminal parts of glands - glandular alveolus
Lactiferous ducts - ductus lactiferi
Lactiferous sinus - sinus lactiferi

78
Q

Name 2 parts of sinus lactiferi

A

Gland (pars glandularis sinus lactiferi)
Papilla (pars papillaris sinus lactiferi)

79
Q

Name the structure into which the milk flows directly from the ductus lactiferi

A

Pars glandularis sinus lactiferi

80
Q

Name the structure into which the milk flows directly from the ductus lactiferi

A

Pars glandularis sinus lactiferi

81
Q

What connects the pars papillaris sinus lactiferi with outside

A

Ductus lactiferi

82
Q

Name the opening of ductus papillaris on the tip of the papilla mammae

A

Ostium papillare

83
Q

Name the blood vessels where the mammary gland recieves blood flow

A

v.epigastica cranialis superficialis - milk vein
v. pudenda externa
v. epigastica caudalis
a. pudenda externa
a. epigastricus caudalis superficialis

84
Q

Name the milk vein

A

v. epigastric cranialis superficialis

85
Q

Name the 3 groups of footpads

A

Carpal and tarsal pads
Metatarsal / metacarpal pads
Digital pads

86
Q

Name the pads in the hindlimb and forelimb of horses

A

Chestnut
Ergot

87
Q

What is the name for :
Chestnut in pelvic limb
Ergot in thoracic limb
in carnivores

A

Torus carpeus/tarseus - chestnut
Calcar metatarseum - ergot

88
Q

What animal has chestnut and ergot

A

Equine

89
Q

Name the nerve endings on digital pads in carnivores

A

Toruli tactile

90
Q

Name the organum digitale in
a) carnivores
b) Primates
c) ungulates

A

a) carnivores - claw (unguicula)
b) Primates - Nail (ungis)
c) ungulates - Hoof (ungula)

91
Q

Name the structures enclosing the distal phalanx

A

Periophic segment (limbus)
Coronary segments (corona)
Wall segment (paries)
Sola segments (solea)

92
Q

Name the structure that forms the hoof/claw

A

Horny capsule (capsula ungulae)

93
Q

What can the horn capsule be divided into

A

Wall (paries corneus, lamina)
Gound surface (facies solearis)

94
Q

Name the structures that form the wall (paries corneus, lamina)

A

Peroplic segment (limbus)
Coronary segment (corona)
Wall segment (paries)

95
Q

Name the 3 layers of the wall (paries corneus, lamina)

A

External layer (stratum externum, eponychium)
Middle layer (stratum medium. mesoychium)
Internal layer (stratum internum, hypochium)

96
Q

What forms the sole segment and footpads in ungulates

A

the base surface (facies solearis)

97
Q

Name the 2 parts the sole segment can be divided into

A

facies contactus
facies fornicis

98
Q

Name the 4 segments the claw of dog can be divided into

A

perioplic,
coronary,
wall.
sole segment

99
Q

What animals are known as artiodactyles

A

Ruminants and pigs

100
Q

Name the digital organ of the
Dog
Horse

A

Dog- os unguiculare
Horse- os unguare

101
Q

What can the wall be divided into in equine hoof

A

Dorsum part/toe (pars dorsalis)
sides or quarters (pars lateralis et medialis)
the heels (pars lateralis et medialis)
the bars (pars inflexa lateralis et medialis)

102
Q

What does the ground surface (facies solearis) consist of in equine hoof

A

The solar margin (margo solearis)
The sole (solea cornea)
The frog (cuneus corneus)
The bulbs of the heels (torus corneus)

103
Q

Name the parts of cuneus corneus (the frog)

A

Apex cunei
Basis cunei
Sulcus cunealis centralis
Sulcus parocunealis lateralis and medialis
Spina cunei

104
Q

Name 3 segments of the hoof

A

Coronary segment (corona)
Perioplic segment (limbus)
Wall segment (paries)

105
Q

What can the ground segment of the hoof be divided into

A

Sole segment (solea)
Footpad (torus digitalis)
- distal part of the frog (cuneus ungulae)
- proximal part of the heel bulbs (torus ungulae

106
Q

What is the white zone

A

Zona alba- the white line which forms the juction between the wall segments and sole segment
Consists of laminar and tubular horns

107
Q

Name the structure separated by zona alba

A

Paries corneus (wall)
solea cornea (sole)

108
Q

Function of the frog

A

shock absorber

Animal Anatomy (19 decks)

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