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Animal Anatomy > Myology 2 > Flashcards

Myology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the marked muscle (m. biceps brachii) and its antagonist

A

m. triceps brachii

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2
Q

List two types of articulationes cartilagineae

A

synchondrosis - bones fused by cartilage
symphysis - bones fused by fibrocartilage

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3
Q

List two layers of the capsule

A

outer fibrous layer, stratum fibrosum
inner layer, stratum synoviale

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4
Q

Name two membranes strengthening the atlanto-occipital joint

A

ventral and dorsal atlantooccipital joint

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5
Q

Name the joint having the discus articularis

A

temporomandibular joint
/ art. temporomandibularis

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6
Q

Name three branches of the biceps femoris

A

stifle branch
tibial branch
calcaneal branch

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7
Q

Name the layer of connective tissue that ensheaths a muscle fiber and the layer of CT that ensheaths the entire muscle and a layer the ensheaths a fascicle of a muscle fiber

A

Endomysium ensheaths a muscle fiber
Perimysium ensheaths a fascicle of muscle fibers
Epimysium ensheaths entire muscle

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8
Q

Name the passive part of the muscle and its less mobile attachment

A

Passive part - tendon
Less movable attachment - origin
Movable attachment - insertion

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9
Q

Give a definition of deep ingual ring. Name the muscular structure forming the ring

A

Area caudal to last muscle fibers of m. obliquus internus abdominis, lateral to m.rectus abdominis
caudolateral border formed by lig. inguinale
Inguinal canal is area between deep and superficial inguinal ring

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10
Q

Name three types of articulations

A

Art. fibrosae
Art. cartilagineae
Art. synoviales

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11
Q

What are common feature of joints

A

Joint cavity, capsule, hyaline cartilage

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12
Q

Name different types of articulations in articulations fibrosae? Give an example of each of these joints

A

Suture eg Sutura saggitalis
Gomphosis (alveolus dentalis)
Syndesmosis eg metacarpals in Horse

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13
Q

Name the different types of sutures and give examples of each

A

Sutura serrata - sutura interfrontalis
Sutura squamosa - between parietal and temporal bones
Sutura foliata - sutura interparietalis
Sutura plana - sutura internasalis
Schindylesis - sutura vomeroethmoidalis

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14
Q

Name two types of biaxial joints

A

Art. ellipsoidea and art. condylaris

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15
Q

Which movement decreases joint angles and which increases it

A

Increase - extensio
Decrease - Flexio

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16
Q

Which plane does flexion and extension movement occur in

A

saggital plane

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17
Q

What is hyperextension

A

angle increases beyond 180°

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18
Q

Describe rotatio. Give an example of a joint which moves like this

A

Shake head, axis-atlas

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19
Q

Which movement moves limb away from the body and which towards

A

Away- abduct
Towards adduct

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20
Q

Which movement points the dorsum upwards and which the palmar/plantar surface

A

Dorsum up = pronatio
Palmar/plantar up = supinatio

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21
Q

Name the three saturae of the skull

A

Sagittalis, coronalis, lamboidea

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22
Q

Which movement is not included in circumduction

A

Rotation

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23
Q

What is the name of the ligament in temporomandibularis

A

Lig. caudale (ru+eq) and laterale

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24
Q

Name 2 parts of art. intermandibularis

A

Sutura and synchondrosis

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25
Q

What type of joint is atlantooccipitalis? Where are its two membranes and its ligament

A

Joint- art. ellipsoida
Ligament- Lig.laterale
membranes- Dorsal and ventral atlantooccipital membrane

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26
Q

What type of joint is atlantoaxialis, What are its 2 membranes and its ligaments

A

Joint - art. trochoidea
Membranes - dorsal atlantoaxial membrane, membrane tectoria
Ligg. - Lig. apicis dentis, lig. atlantoaxiale dorsale, ligg. alaria (can)

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27
Q

Name the three parts of symphesis intervertebralis

A

Discus intervertebralis
Anulus fibrosus
Nucleus pulposus

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28
Q

Name the 4 long ligaments of the vertebral column

A

Lig. longitudinale ventrale et dorsale
Lig. nuchae (absent in cat/pig)
Lig. supraspinale

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29
Q

List 3 short ligaments of vertebral column

A

Ligg. flava
Ligg. intertransversaria
Ligg. interspinalia

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30
Q

What type of joint is art. humeri? name its two ligaments and the labrum

A

Shoulder joint, simple and spherois
Labrum glenohumeralis (car)
Lig. coracohumerale (ung)

31
Q

What type of joint is art cubiti

A

Elbow joint, composite, ginglymus-hinge joint

32
Q

Which joint involves the radius,ulna, carpals and metacarpals? What are the ligaments this joint

A

Art. manus- art. carpi
Lig.collaterale carpi mediale et laterale

33
Q

What is the name of lig. Sacrotuberale in Large animals? To which joint does this ligament belong to

A

Lig. sacrotubule latum
To art. sacroiliaca

34
Q

What type of joint is art. coxae

A

Hip joint, composite and spheroid

35
Q

what bones does ligg patellae connect

A

from apex of patella to tuberositas tibiae

36
Q

What is a musculus pennatus? name the types of musculus pennatus and give example of each

A

A muscle that has tendons along its volume

Unipennate- m.extensor digitorum communis
Bipennate m.rectus femoris
Multipennate m.deltoideus
Fusiform- m.biceps brachii

37
Q

What kind of muscles is aponeurosis associated with

A

Flat muscles

38
Q

Name the three types of accessory structures

A

Fascia, synovial tendon sheet, bursae synovial, sesamoid bones

39
Q

functions of ossa sesamoidea

A

Protect tendons
increase surface area for attachement
Redirect pull of tendons

40
Q

Where are ossa sesamoidea

A

Tendons - joint capsules

41
Q

How many layers do vaginae synoviales tendinis have

A

2

42
Q

Describe agonist and antagonist and give an example of each

A

Agonist - desired action eg m. triceps brachii
Antagonist - brings limb back to initial position and does the opposite of the agonist - m. biceps brachii

43
Q

Name the type of muscle that works alongside the agonist

A

Synergist

44
Q

Name the structure which connects left and right m. recti abdominis

A

Linea alba

45
Q

Name the structure which covers both surfaces of m. recti abdominis

A

vagina m. recti abdominis

46
Q

Name the two layers of vagina recti abdominis and say what structures make them

A

Lamina externa - aponeuroses of m.obliquus externus abdominis and internus and transverses abdominis
Lamina interna - aponeuroses of m. obliquus internus abdominis and transveses abdominis

47
Q

What does m. recti abdominis lack at its pelvic end

A

Internal aponeurotic covering

48
Q

Name the transversely placed sheets of of connective tissue across m. recti calcanei

A

Tendo calcaneus communis

49
Q

Name the muscles above the hock which attach to tuber calcanei and the muscle below the hock

A

m. triceps surae
m. becips femoris
m.semitendinous
m.flexor superficialis

50
Q

Name the two facial sphincters

A

m.orbicularis oris (mouth)
m. orbicularis oculi (eyes)

51
Q

Name the muscles that raise the upper lip and one that pulls it down

A

RAISES
m. caninus
m. lavator nasolabialis

LOWERS
m. levator labii inferioris

52
Q

Name the muscles that dilate the nostrils

A

m. caninus and m.levator nasolabialis

53
Q

Name the muscles of mastication which are not visible laterally

A

m.pterygoideus medialis and lateralis
m. digastricus

54
Q

Which muscle goes from the paracondylar fossa to the body of the mandible

A

m. digastricus

55
Q

What is the function of m. temporalis

A

Raises mandible to close mouth

56
Q

Name the muscles of inspiration

A

m. serratus dorsalis cranialis
m. rectus thoracis
mm. intercostales externi
mm. scaleni
Diaphragma

57
Q

Which large back muscle flexes the shoulder

A

m. latissimus dorsi

58
Q

Name the muscles of expiration

A

m. serratus dorsalis caudalis
m. transcersus thoracis
mm. intercostalis interni

59
Q

Name the muscle extending from atlas to spina scapulae

A

m. omotransversarius

60
Q

Name the muscle which elevats and rotates the shoulder

A

m. trapezius

61
Q

Name the mm. pectorales superficiales

A

Descendens, transversus, profundus

62
Q

To which structure do the centrum tendineum vertex and foramen venae cavae belong?
Name the three parts of this muscle

A

Diaphragma
Costal, lumbar, sternal

63
Q

Which muscles are connected by linea alba

A

rectus thoracis and rectus abdominis

64
Q

Which set of muscles has four heads.
Name the heads

A

m. triceps brachii. Caput longum, mediale, laterale, accessorium

65
Q

Name the muslce with pars acromialis.
Name the other part

A

m. deltoideus
Pars scapularis

66
Q

Name the muscles which adducts the hind limb

A

m. adductor and m. gracilis

67
Q

Name two extensors and two flexors of the phalangeal joint

A

m.tibialis cranialis, m.extensor digitorum longus,
m. peroneus longus, m. extensor digitorum lateralis

68
Q

Name the parts of the nuchal ligament

A

Funiculus nuchae
Lamina nuchae (absent in dogs)

69
Q

Name two joints between the vertebrae and ribs

A

art. capitis costae,
art. costotransversaria

70
Q

Name 4 types of bursae synoviales

A

Bursa synovialis subcutanea
Bursa synovialis submuscularis
Bursa synovialis subfascialis
Bursa synovialis subtendinea

71
Q

What are the ligaments of art. femoropatellaris

A

Lig. patella
Lig femoropatellare laterale et mediale

72
Q

Name the ligaments of the femorotibial joint

A

Ligg. cruciate genus
Lig. collaterale laterale and mediale

73
Q

Heads of m. triceps brachii

A

Caput longum
Caput laterale
Caput medial
Caput accssorium

Animal Anatomy (19 decks)

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