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Biology > The Effect Of Biotic And Abiotic Factors On A Population > Flashcards

The Effect Of Biotic And Abiotic Factors On A Population Flashcards

1
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem that affect population dynamics, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms.

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2
Q

What are abiotic factors?

A

Abiotic factors are the non-living components of an ecosystem that influence population dynamics, such as temperature, water, and soil.

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3
Q

True or False: Biotic factors include competition and predation.

A

True

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The primary abiotic factors that affect organisms include _____, _____, and _____ .

A

temperature, water, light

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5
Q

What role does carrying capacity play in population dynamics?

A

Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support.

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6
Q

How do abiotic factors influence the distribution of organisms?

A

Abiotic factors such as climate, soil type, and water availability determine where organisms can survive and thrive.

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7
Q

What is an example of a biotic factor affecting population size?

A

Predation is an example, as it can reduce the number of individuals in a population.

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8
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor? A) Temperature B) Soil Type C) Predation D) Water

A

C) Predation

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9
Q

Define the term ‘population density’.

A

Population density is the number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume.

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10
Q

True or False: Increased competition among species can lead to a decrease in population size.

A

True

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11
Q

What effect does temperature have on population dynamics?

A

Temperature can affect metabolism, reproduction rates, and survival of organisms, thus influencing population size.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The interaction between biotic and abiotic factors can lead to _____ in population growth.

A

fluctuations

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13
Q

What is the significance of niche differentiation?

A

Niche differentiation allows multiple species to coexist by utilizing different resources or occupying different roles in an ecosystem.

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14
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a biotic factor? A) pH level B) Light intensity C) Disease D) Temperature

A

C) Disease

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15
Q

What is the impact of invasive species on native populations?

A

Invasive species can outcompete, prey on, or bring diseases to native populations, often leading to their decline.

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16
Q

True or False: Density-independent factors affect population size regardless of the population density.

A

True

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17
Q

What are some examples of density-dependent factors?

A

Examples include competition, predation, disease, and parasitism.

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ is a biotic factor that can limit population growth through increased competition for resources.

A

Competition

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19
Q

What is a trophic level?

A

A trophic level is the position an organism occupies in a food chain, which reflects its feeding relationships.

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20
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following abiotic factors can affect photosynthesis? A) Soil nutrients B) Water C) Light D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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21
Q

What does the term ‘biotic potential’ refer to?

A

Biotic potential refers to the maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under optimal environmental conditions.

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22
Q

True or False: An increase in resources can lead to an increase in population size.

A

True

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23
Q

What is the relationship between habitat destruction and population dynamics?

A

Habitat destruction can lead to decreased population sizes and increased extinction rates due to loss of resources and space.

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ of an organism includes its habitat, role in the ecosystem, and interactions with other organisms.

A

niche

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25
Q

What is carrying capacity influenced by?

A

Carrying capacity is influenced by resource availability, environmental conditions, and interactions with other species.

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26
Q

Multiple choice: Which factor can lead to population explosions? A) Abundant resources B) High predation C) Disease D) Climate change

A

A) Abundant resources

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27
Q

What are keystone species?

A

Keystone species are species that have a disproportionately large effect on their environment relative to their abundance.

28
Q

True or False: The introduction of a predator can decrease the population of its prey species.

A

True

29
Q

What is the effect of light availability on plant populations?

A

Light availability affects photosynthesis rates, growth, and reproductive success of plant populations.

30
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ factors can include human activities, such as pollution and habitat destruction.

A

Abiotic

31
Q

What is a population pyramid?

A

A population pyramid is a graphical representation showing the distribution of various age groups in a population.

32
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a consequence of overpopulation? A) Increased resources B) Increased competition C) Decreased birth rates D) All of the above

A

B) Increased competition

33
Q

True or False: Water availability is a critical abiotic factor for all living organisms.

A

True

34
Q

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

A

Decomposers break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil and supporting plant growth.

35
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ of an ecosystem includes both biotic and abiotic components.

A

environment

36
Q

What is the impact of climate change on populations?

A

Climate change can alter habitats, affect resource availability, and lead to shifts in species distributions.

37
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following factors is considered a biotic factor? A) Temperature B) Competition C) Soil pH D) Light intensity

A

B) Competition

38
Q

What does the term ‘population growth rate’ refer to?

A

Population growth rate refers to the change in the number of individuals in a population over a specific period.

39
Q

True or False: Environmental resistance affects population growth by limiting resources.

A

True

40
Q

What is the significance of genetic diversity in populations?

A

Genetic diversity enhances a population’s ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

41
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ factors can include disease outbreaks that impact population sizes.

A

Biotic

42
Q

What is the effect of soil quality on plant populations?

A

Soil quality affects nutrient availability and water retention, which are crucial for plant growth and survival.

43
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a density-independent factor? A) Disease B) Flood C) Competition D) Predation

A

B) Flood

44
Q

What are the consequences of habitat fragmentation?

A

Habitat fragmentation can lead to reduced genetic diversity, isolation of populations, and difficulty in finding mates.

45
Q

True or False: Species interactions can be both positive and negative.

A

True

46
Q

What is the role of primary producers in an ecosystem?

A

Primary producers convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food web.

47
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ of a population can be influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors.

A

size

48
Q

What is the impact of pollution on population dynamics?

A

Pollution can lead to habitat degradation, decreased reproductive success, and increased mortality rates.

49
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a biotic interaction? A) Mutualism B) Commensalism C) Temperature D) Parasitism

A

C) Temperature

50
Q

What are r-selected species?

A

R-selected species are those that produce many offspring with relatively low parental investment, often thriving in unstable environments.

51
Q

True or False: K-selected species tend to have fewer offspring and invest more in parental care.

A

True

52
Q

What is the importance of water availability for animal populations?

A

Water availability is essential for hydration, reproduction, and overall health of animal populations.

53
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ is the gradual process by which populations adapt to their environment over generations.

A

Natural selection

54
Q

What is the effect of predation on prey populations?

A

Predation can decrease prey populations and influence their behavior, distribution, and reproductive strategies.

55
Q

Multiple choice: Which factor can lead to a decrease in biodiversity? A) Habitat destruction B) Invasive species C) Pollution D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

56
Q

True or False: Ecosystems with high biodiversity are generally more resilient to environmental changes.

A

True

57
Q

What is the significance of ecological succession?

A

Ecological succession is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time, leading to increased biodiversity and stability.

58
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ of a community can be affected by both biotic and abiotic factors.

A

structure

59
Q

What role do pollinators play in ecosystems?

A

Pollinators facilitate reproduction in flowering plants, which is essential for food production and ecosystem health.

60
Q

Multiple choice: Which abiotic factor can directly affect the rate of photosynthesis? A) Soil type B) Water C) Light D) All of the above

A

C) Light

61
Q

True or False: Intraspecific competition occurs between individuals of the same species.

A

True

62
Q

What is the impact of overfishing on fish populations?

A

Overfishing can lead to population declines, disrupt food webs, and affect ecosystem balance.

63
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ is the phenomenon where organisms with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more effectively.

A

Natural selection

64
Q

What is the relationship between population size and resource availability?

A

Population size often increases with resource availability but can decline when resources become limited.

65
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a consequence of high population density? A) Increased competition B) Lower birth rates C) Higher mortality rates D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

66
Q

True or False: Biodiversity is important for ecosystem resilience.

A

True

Biology (28 decks)

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