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Biology > Circulation Of Blood And The Structure Of The Mamillian Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulation Of Blood And The Structure Of The Mamillian Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

A

To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

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2
Q

True or False: The human heart has four chambers.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the names of the four chambers of the heart?

A

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery

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5
Q

What type of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?

A

Oxygenated blood

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6
Q

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the body?

A

Left ventricle

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the heart valves?

A

To prevent the backflow of blood.

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8
Q

True or False: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the name of the largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

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10
Q

What is the role of the coronary arteries?

A

To supply blood to the heart muscle.

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11
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart is responsible for initiating the heartbeat? A) Atrioventricular node B) Sinoatrial node C) Bundle of His

A

B) Sinoatrial node

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12
Q

What is systole?

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood.

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13
Q

What is diastole?

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood.

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: Blood returns to the heart through the _____ veins.

A

Veins

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15
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.

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16
Q

True or False: Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

A

True

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17
Q

What is the primary component of blood responsible for clotting?

A

Platelets

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18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel has the thinnest walls? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries

A

C) Capillaries

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19
Q

What is the term for the pressure of blood in the arteries?

A

Blood pressure

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

A

Pulmonary vein

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21
Q

What is the role of the atrioventricular node?

A

To transmit electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles.

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22
Q

True or False: The myocardium is the outer layer of the heart.

A

False

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23
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

The fibrous sac surrounding the heart.

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24
Q

Multiple Choice: Which component of blood regulates pH and fluid balance? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells

A

A) Plasma

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25
Q

What is the function of the vena cavae?

A

To carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.

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26
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the left atrium.

A

Mitral

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27
Q

What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

A

A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.

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28
Q

True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the body.

A

False

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29
Q

What is the main function of the heart?

A

To pump blood throughout the body.

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30
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the thick muscular layer of the heart.

A

Myocardium

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31
Q

What does the term ‘cardiac cycle’ refer to?

A

The sequence of events in one heartbeat.

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32
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system? A) Transport nutrients B) Produce hormones C) Remove waste

A

B) Produce hormones

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33
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

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34
Q

True or False: Blood flows from the right ventricle into the left atrium.

A

False

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35
Q

What is the role of plasma in blood?

A

To transport nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products.

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36
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the right ventricle.

A

Pulmonary

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37
Q

What is the significance of the septum in the heart?

A

It separates the right and left sides of the heart.

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38
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood? A) Veins B) Arteries C) Capillaries

A

B) Arteries

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39
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

A

To return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream and to defend against infection.

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40
Q

True or False: The heart is located in the thoracic cavity.

A

True

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41
Q

What are the two main circuits of the circulatory system?

A

The systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit.

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42
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ node regulates the heartbeat.

A

Sinoatrial

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43
Q

What is the main role of white blood cells?

A

To defend the body against infection and disease.

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44
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is part of the heart’s conduction system? A) Aorta B) Sinoatrial node C) Pulmonary vein

A

B) Sinoatrial node

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45
Q

What is the term for the narrowing of blood vessels?

A

Vasoconstriction

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46
Q

True or False: The left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle.

A

True

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47
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?

A

To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

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48
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the structure that connects the heart to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery

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49
Q

What does ‘heart rate’ refer to?

A

The number of times the heart beats per minute.

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50
Q

Multiple Choice: Which blood component is primarily responsible for fighting infections? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells

A

C) White blood cells

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51
Q

What is the significance of the aortic valve?

A

It prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.

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52
Q

True or False: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

A

True

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53
Q

What is the function of the valves in veins?

A

To prevent the backflow of blood.

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54
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ supplies blood to the right side of the heart.

A

Coronary artery

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55
Q

What is the role of the sinoatrial node in heart function?

A

It acts as the natural pacemaker of the heart.

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56
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood? A) Left atrium B) Right atrium C) Left ventricle

A

B) Right atrium

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57
Q

What is the purpose of the heart’s conduction system?

A

To coordinate the contraction of the heart muscle.

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58
Q

True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the lungs.

A

True

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59
Q

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

A

To prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

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60
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.

A

Aorta

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61
Q

What is the main purpose of pulmonary circulation?

A

To oxygenate blood.

62
Q

Multiple Choice: Blood pressure is typically higher in which type of blood vessel? A) Veins B) Capillaries C) Arteries

A

C) Arteries

63
Q

What is the significance of the left ventricle’s thick walls?

A

To generate enough pressure to pump blood throughout the body.

64
Q

True or False: The heart can function without the nervous system.

A

True

65
Q

What is the primary purpose of the circulatory system?

A

To deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

A

Circulatory

67
Q

What is the role of platelets in the blood?

A

To assist in blood clotting.

68
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements about arteries is true? A) They carry deoxygenated blood B) They have thicker walls than veins C) They have valves

A

B) They have thicker walls than veins

69
Q

What is the term for the contraction of the heart?

A

Systole

70
Q

True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.

A

True

71
Q

What is the primary role of the circulatory system?

A

To transport blood and nutrients throughout the body.

72
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ node is responsible for controlling the heart rate.

A

Sinoatrial

73
Q

What is the purpose of the aortic arch?

A

To distribute blood from the heart to the systemic circulation.

74
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of blood? A) Plasma B) Hemoglobin C) Cartilage

A

C) Cartilage

75
Q

What is the main function of the right atrium?

A

To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.

76
Q

True or False: The heart has a double circulatory system.

A

True

77
Q

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

A

To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

78
Q

True or False: The human heart has four chambers.

A

True

79
Q

What are the names of the four chambers of the heart?

A

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.

80
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery

81
Q

What type of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?

A

Oxygenated blood

82
Q

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the body?

A

Left ventricle

83
Q

What is the purpose of the heart valves?

A

To prevent the backflow of blood.

84
Q

True or False: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood.

A

False

85
Q

What is the name of the largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

86
Q

What is the role of the coronary arteries?

A

To supply blood to the heart muscle.

87
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart is responsible for initiating the heartbeat? A) Atrioventricular node B) Sinoatrial node C) Bundle of His

A

B) Sinoatrial node

88
Q

What is systole?

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood.

89
Q

What is diastole?

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood.

90
Q

Fill in the blank: Blood returns to the heart through the _____ veins.

A

Veins

91
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.

92
Q

True or False: Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

A

True

93
Q

What is the primary component of blood responsible for clotting?

A

Platelets

94
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel has the thinnest walls? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries

A

C) Capillaries

95
Q

What is the term for the pressure of blood in the arteries?

A

Blood pressure

96
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

A

Pulmonary vein

97
Q

What is the role of the atrioventricular node?

A

To transmit electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles.

98
Q

True or False: The myocardium is the outer layer of the heart.

A

False

99
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

The fibrous sac surrounding the heart.

100
Q

Multiple Choice: Which component of blood regulates pH and fluid balance? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells

A

A) Plasma

101
Q

What is the function of the vena cavae?

A

To carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.

102
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the left atrium.

A

Mitral

103
Q

What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

A

A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.

104
Q

True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the body.

A

False

105
Q

What is the main function of the heart?

A

To pump blood throughout the body.

106
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the thick muscular layer of the heart.

A

Myocardium

107
Q

What does the term ‘cardiac cycle’ refer to?

A

The sequence of events in one heartbeat.

108
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system? A) Transport nutrients B) Produce hormones C) Remove waste

A

B) Produce hormones

109
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

110
Q

True or False: Blood flows from the right ventricle into the left atrium.

A

False

111
Q

What is the role of plasma in blood?

A

To transport nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products.

112
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the right ventricle.

A

Pulmonary

113
Q

What is the significance of the septum in the heart?

A

It separates the right and left sides of the heart.

114
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood? A) Veins B) Arteries C) Capillaries

A

B) Arteries

115
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

A

To return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream and to defend against infection.

116
Q

True or False: The heart is located in the thoracic cavity.

A

True

117
Q

What are the two main circuits of the circulatory system?

A

The systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit.

118
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ node regulates the heartbeat.

A

Sinoatrial

119
Q

What is the main role of white blood cells?

A

To defend the body against infection and disease.

120
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is part of the heart’s conduction system? A) Aorta B) Sinoatrial node C) Pulmonary vein

A

B) Sinoatrial node

121
Q

What is the term for the narrowing of blood vessels?

A

Vasoconstriction

122
Q

True or False: The left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle.

A

True

123
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?

A

To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

124
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the structure that connects the heart to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery

125
Q

What does ‘heart rate’ refer to?

A

The number of times the heart beats per minute.

126
Q

Multiple Choice: Which blood component is primarily responsible for fighting infections? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells

A

C) White blood cells

127
Q

What is the significance of the aortic valve?

A

It prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.

128
Q

True or False: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

A

True

129
Q

What is the function of the valves in veins?

A

To prevent the backflow of blood.

130
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ supplies blood to the right side of the heart.

A

Coronary artery

131
Q

What is the role of the sinoatrial node in heart function?

A

It acts as the natural pacemaker of the heart.

132
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood? A) Left atrium B) Right atrium C) Left ventricle

A

B) Right atrium

133
Q

What is the purpose of the heart’s conduction system?

A

To coordinate the contraction of the heart muscle.

134
Q

True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the lungs.

A

True

135
Q

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

A

To prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

136
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.

A

Aorta

137
Q

What is the main purpose of pulmonary circulation?

A

To oxygenate blood.

138
Q

Multiple Choice: Blood pressure is typically higher in which type of blood vessel? A) Veins B) Capillaries C) Arteries

A

C) Arteries

139
Q

What is the significance of the left ventricle’s thick walls?

A

To generate enough pressure to pump blood throughout the body.

140
Q

True or False: The heart can function without the nervous system.

A

True

141
Q

What is the primary purpose of the circulatory system?

A

To deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.

142
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

A

Circulatory

143
Q

What is the role of platelets in the blood?

A

To assist in blood clotting.

144
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements about arteries is true? A) They carry deoxygenated blood B) They have thicker walls than veins C) They have valves

A

B) They have thicker walls than veins

145
Q

What is the term for the contraction of the heart?

A

Systole

146
Q

True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.

A

True

147
Q

What is the primary role of the circulatory system?

A

To transport blood and nutrients throughout the body.

148
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ node is responsible for controlling the heart rate.

A

Sinoatrial

149
Q

What is the purpose of the aortic arch?

A

To distribute blood from the heart to the systemic circulation.

150
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of blood? A) Plasma B) Hemoglobin C) Cartilage

A

C) Cartilage

151
Q

What is the main function of the right atrium?

A

To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.

152
Q

True or False: The heart has a double circulatory system.

A

True

Biology (28 decks)

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