The Body Systems

Question 1

What are the 10 main body systems

Answer 1

Respiratory
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
Lymphatic
Musculoskeletal
Endocrine
Urinary
Nervous
Reproductive
Integumentary

Question 2

How do all body systems work together

Answer 2

They all work WITH each other and FOR each other

Question 3

What is the basic structural and functional unit of our body

Answer 3

Cells

Question 4

How often do skin cells turnover naturally

Answer 4

Every 3 months

Question 5

How often do red blood cells turnover naturally

Answer 5

After 120 days

Question 6

What is the main requirement of cells

Answer 6

Energy

Question 7

Why do cells need energy

Answer 7

Carry out metabolic processes keeping them alive AND
So they can perform their specific function

Question 8

What is ATP for cells

Answer 8

Energy- Adenosine triphosphate
Use ATP to undertake their function

Question 9

How do we produce cellular ATP

Answer 9

Oxygen and nutrient molecules are obtained from food intake and make ATP

Question 10

What are the 4 basic tissue types of the body

Answer 10

Epithelia
Muscle
Nervous
Connective

Question 11

What is an organ

Answer 11

A group of tissues acting together to perform a specific function

Question 12

What do organs forms

Answer 12

Systems: Collections of organs that have related functions work together to carry out a common goal

Question 13

How do we get nutrients into our blood

Answer 13

Via the gastrointestinal system which runs from mouth to anus

Question 14

Where are digested molecules absorbed into

Answer 14

Veins and lymphatic vessels of the SMALL intestine

Question 15

Where does the venous blood from absorptive parts of the GI tract drain into FIRST

Answer 15

the liver

Question 16

Where are nutrients stored in the liver returned to

Answer 16

Venous system

Question 17

What organ metabolises/detoxifies potentially harmful substances absorbed from GI tract

Answer 17

The liver

Question 18

How do we deliver nutrients to cells

Answer 18

Cardiovascular system

Question 19

What does the cardiovascular system consist of

Answer 19

heart and blood vessels

Question 20

Venous blood from the liver containing absorbed nutrients drains back into where

Answer 20

The heart

Question 21

What is the pump of the cardiovascular system

Answer 21

The heart

Question 22

Where do arteries carry blood

Answer 22

Away from the heart

Question 23

Where does the right side of the heart pump blood too

Answer 23

Venous/ Deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 24

Where does the left side of the heart pump blood too

Answer 24

Atrial/ Oxygenated blood to all other tissues and organs

Question 25

What is the order of blood circulation

Answer 25

Heart pumps oxygenated blood into Arteries -Arterioles -Capillaries -Venules -Veins Back to the heart

Question 26

How does oxygen get into the blood

Answer 26

Respiratory system- air via nose or mouth -Air travels through respiratory tree

Question 27

What is the respiratory tree

Answer 27

Has very thinned walled alveoli which surface is covered with thin walled capillaries -Allows O2 to be transferred by diffusion into the blood -Oxygenated blood returns to the heart to be pumped to all other body cells

Question 28

How is oxygen delivered to cells

Answer 28

Haematological system and Cardiovascular system -At capillary beds O2 and CO2 diffuse between blood and cells down conc. gradient

Question 29

How is lymph produced

Answer 29

Tissue fluid left in extracellular space is taken up by lymphatic vessels- Called lymph

Question 30

What is the thoracic duct

Answer 30

-Major lymphatic vessel in the body -Returns lymph to large veins in the root of the neck

Question 31

What systems are waste excreted out of

Answer 31

Respiratory and renal -Important in removing CO2 and acids from the body

Question 32

How is waste produced

Answer 32

By all cells as result of metabolic processes -CO2 and H20= byproducts of ATP formation (Forming carbonic acid) -Lactic acid produced by muscles in exercise -

Question 33

What system gives internal and external protection

Answer 33

Integumentary Lymphatic Nervous Musculoskeletal

Question 34

What is the integumentary system

Answer 34

Skin: first line of defence against external environment

Question 35

What does integumentary system provide our body with

Answer 35

-Physical defense against trauma -Waterproof barrier -Regulates body temp -Protects against UV radiation to a degree

Question 36

What to know about the Lymphatic system lymph nodes

Answer 36

-Normal lymph nodes cannot be palpated -Lymph nodes fighting infection or infiltrated by cancer enlarge and CAN be PALPATED

Question 37

What is the nervous system

Answer 37

Allows us to sense our environment and effect appropriate responses Central NS and Peripheral NS

Question 38

What is the central nervous system

Answer 38

Brain and spinal cord

Question 39

What is the peripheral nervous system

Answer 39

Other parts of nerve structures in the body other than those in brain or spinal cord

Question 40

What systems regulate processes in our body

Answer 40

Endocrine and Nervous system

Question 41

What is the endocrine system

Answer 41

Organs called endocrine glands which secrete hormones directly into capillary blood -These hormones regulate physiological processes e.g. insulin release from pancreas regulated glucose uptake into cells

Question 42

What system is musculoskeletal closely linked to

Answer 42

nervous system

Question 43

What is the musculoskeletal system

Answer 43

skeletal muscle contraction moves skeleton at joints producing locomotion (movement of an organism to another place) -Allows us to breath (essential) -Provides locomotion (Protective)

Question 44

What system allows survival of the species

Answer 44

Reproductive system -Not aimed at individual's own survival but for offspring production