Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Foundation of Medicine > Clinical Anatomy of Reproductive System > Flashcards

Clinical Anatomy of Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are gametes

A

A haploid cell (23 chromosomes)
In males= spermatozoa
In females= oocyte or ovum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where are gametes produced

A

By the gonads
In males= testes
In females= Ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What cell type is produced during fertilisation

A

A diploid cell called zygote
(46 chromosomes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do haploid cells travel to during normal fertilisation

A

In female= Ovum travels from ovary to ampulla of uterine tube

In male= spermatozoa travels from testis to vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is the pelvic cavity

A

Lies within the bony pelvis, continuous with abdominal cavity between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the pelvic floor

A

Internal wall of skeletal muscles which separates pelvic cavity and perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the perineum

A

Inferior to pelvic floor between proximal parts of lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the pelvic floor have

A

Openings
Distal alimentary, reproductive and renal tracts pass through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What forms the pelvic roof

A

Parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the parietal peritoneum

A

Lining of the abdominal cavity, firmly attached to walls

Also drapes over pelvic viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What allows organs to move without friction in pelvic cavity

A

Peritoneal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why are pouches clinically relevant in the peritoneum

A

in upright female it’s the lowest point of reproductive system so fluid will collect there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the surface anatomy of female human

A

External urethral outlet-Urinary tract
Vaginal orifice- Female genital tract
Anus- GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are females primary reproductive organs

A

Ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are females secondary reproductive organs

A

Uterine tubes
Uterus
Vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

17
Q

What is the most common position of the uterus

A

Anteverted- cervix tipped anteriorly relative to axis of vagina

Anteflexed- Uterus tipped anteriorly relative to axis of the cervix

18
Q

What shape and size are ovaries

A

Almond sized and shaped

19
Q

Where are ovaries located

A

Laterally to pelvic cavity
Ovarian fosse is where they sit

-Develop on posterior abdominal wall

20
Q

What hormones do ovaries secrete

A

Progesterone and oestrogen in response to pituitary hormones (FSH and LH)

21
Q

What arteries are in the female pelvis

A

Ovarian artery
Internal iliac artery
Uterine artery
Vaginal artery
Common iliac artery

22
Q

Where does fertilisation occur in females compared to implantation

A

Ampulla
Implantation is in the body of the uterus

23
Q

What happens in menstruation - 5 stages

A
  1. Ova develops in ovaries
  2. Each cycle 1 ovum released from surface of ovary into peritoneal cavity
  3. ovum gathered by fimbriae into infundibulum of uterine tubes
  4. cilia moves it along uterine tube
  5. unfertilised ovum expelled by myometrium contraction
24
Q

What is an ectopic pregnancy

A

Fertilised ovum implants outwith uterine cavity -97% occur in tubes

Danger of haemorrhage

25
Q

What happens in female sterilisation

A

Tubal ligation- happens to both uterine tubes
Can by cut, clipped or cauterised blocking lumen

-STI can cause sterilisation

26
Q

What is the male perineum

A

Perineum is area between sctotum containing testes and anus

27
Q

What is prepuce and urethra in males

A

prepuce is foreskin
urethra is for urine and sperm ejaculation

28
Q

How do testes develop in males

A

in development they originate on posterior wall of abdominal cavity and by birth they descend into the scrotum

must pass through anterior abdominal wall= inguinal canal

29
Q

what are vas deferens

A

The tubes that sperm pass through

During development they must follow testis into scrotum

30
Q

Where are sperm produced

A

in seminiferous tubules

where temperature must be 1degree lower than core body temp
DARTOS muscle controls temp by contracting or relaxing

31
Q

What happens when sperm leaves seminiferous tubules

A

Passes to rete testis, then into head of epididymis which becomes vas deferens

32
Q

What does spermatic cord contain

A

Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

33
Q

What is torsion of the testis

A

twisting of spermatic cord which disrupts blood supply- severe pain and surgical emergency

-Risk of testicular necrosis

34
Q

What are the parts of external penis

A

Root of penis
Body of penis
Glans
External urethral output

35
Q

What does axial section of a penis contain

A

3 cylinders of erectile tissue which fill with blood at arterial pressure during erection

36
Q

What is primary male reproductive organ

A

testes

37
Q

What are secondary male reproductive organs

A

Vas deferens
Seminal glands
Prostate glands
Penis

38
Q

What does semen contain

A

Sperm and seminal fluid

39
Q

What is vasectomy

A

Male sterilisation where vas deferens transected and lumen is sutured & closed

Foundation of Medicine (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions