Cardiovascular function in health and disease Flashcards
What does cardiovascular system contain
Heart
Blood vessels
What is function of cardiovascular system
Circulate blood throughout the body
What are the 2 circuits blood circulates through
Pulmonary circulation
&
Systemic circulation
What is Pulmonary circulation
Deoxygenated blood is carried from right side of heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood is returned to left side
What is systemic circulation
Carries oxygenated blood from left side of the heart to body cells and tissues
Returns deoxygenated blood to right side of the heart
What does cardiovascular system bring to cells and tissues
Oxygen
Other molecules
Hormones
Nutrients
What waste products does cardiovascular system remove from cells and tissues
CO2- taken by cardiovascular system to organs which handle this waste
what are the components of the cardiovascular system
Heart
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
What is passage way of arteries vs veins
Arteries is a passageway of blood from heart to tissues
Veins is a passageway of blood from tissues to the heart
(venous return must provide significant blood to pump)
What are arterioles
Major resistance vessels
What occurs at capillaries
Gas exchange
-of nutrients and water between blood and tissues
What is arterial disease
High blood pressure
Clogging arteries with atheroma’s plaques causing:
- restricted blood flow to cells & tissues
-Less oxygen to cells & tissues
-Increased blood clot risk (potential to block blood flow)
what are some clinical effects of arterial disease
Renal failure (renal arteries)
Strokes (cerebral/carotid arteries)
Ischaemic heart disease (Coronary arteries)
Claudication-Muscle pain & gangrene (Femoral/lower limb arteries)
What are modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Smoking
Obesity
High blood pressure
Diabetes mellitus
Unhealthy diet
Physical inactivity
Alcohol
Stress
Dyslipidaemia (Lipid imbalance)
What are non-modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Age
Family history
Sex differences
