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AP EURO > The Alliance System and the road to WWI > Flashcards

The Alliance System and the road to WWI Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Three Emperors Leauge

A

Bismark formed in 1873, alliance with 3 of the 5 great powers

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2
Q

What destroys Three Emperors Leauge

A

Russo Turkish war of 1875 destroys it

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3
Q

Treaty of San Stefano

A

Treaty of San Stefano of 1878 freed the Slavic peoples of the Balkans from the Otomans

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4
Q

Reaction to treat of San stefano

A
  • Austrians go nuts and say they took too much
  • British Forced russia to an international conference to meet in Berlin
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5
Q

Jingoism

A

Desire to be in a fight

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6
Q

result of Congress of Berlin

A

All powers got territory off the expense of Ottomans, Russians mad at Germany

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7
Q

dual alliance

A

Germany signs a dual alliance with A-H in 1879, if one would get attacked by russia, other would help

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8
Q

triple alliance 1882

A

Italy asks to join germany and A-H

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9
Q

Reinsurance treaty

A

Germany w russia in 1887, both stay neutral if attacked

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10
Q

What is the cause of the fall of the Triple Alliance

A

Kaiser WIlhelm dies, Fredrick dies and Wilhem II inherits

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11
Q

Wilhelm II personal issue coping

A

Withered arm makes him more aggressive

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12
Q

What does Wilhelm II do to Bismarks Alliance

A

Resfused to resign with russia in 1890

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13
Q

Russia response to Wilhelm refusing to resign alliance treaty in 1890

A

signs treaty with France

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14
Q

How does Germany Provoke Britian

A

Builds large navy

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15
Q

1900 Admiral Tirpitz risk theory

A

If Germany Navy strong enough, Brits wouldnt even try

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16
Q

1902 Anglo Jap alliance with GB purpose

A

To defend brits holding in china against russia

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17
Q

1904 Entente cordiale with france

A

freindly and disputes against colonies were settled; between france and bri

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18
Q

1st Morocan Crisis, what happened

A

Kaiser went to Morocco and speech calling for Morrocan independence from france

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19
Q

Algerciras Confrence of 1906 result

A

1907 Brits sign agreements with Russia and the Triple entente was formed

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20
Q

What did the Serbs want to do before WWI

A
  • Serbs wanted to create a slavic nation
    • need parts of Ottomans and Austria
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21
Q

Young Turk 1908

A

wanted to modernize Ottoman empire

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22
Q

What made Russians and Serbs mad at Austria

A

annexed B-H

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23
Q

2nd Moroccan Crisis

A
  • 1911 france shut down rebellion
  • Kasier sent gunboat panther to protect non existent german people
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24
Q

1st Balkan war of 1912

A

Ottomans defeated by Greece, serbia, montengro bulgaria

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25
Q

2nd balkan war 1913

A

All the other regions ganged up on Bulgaria and took most of their gains from 1st war

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26
Q

Why is Albania Created

A

Austria does not want Serbs to get a port, calls international conference to create serbia

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27
Q

Assassinaition of Franz Ferdinand

A

In Bosnia and Gavrilo Princip trained by Serbs and killed him

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28
Q

Why does Franz Ferdiand death start WWI

A

Austrians tried to punish Serbia but was threatened by Russia and needed approval from Germany

29
Q

THe Schlieffen plan

A

Germans go through Belgium

30
Q

Schlieffen plan result

A

Britan enters the war to protect Belgium

31
Q

Commander of the German army during WWI

A

was Helmuth von Moltke

32
Q

What battle saves france in WWI

A

Battle of Marne

33
Q

Russian Generals of WWI

A

Samsonov and Rennekampf

34
Q

Where did General von hinderburg beat the russians

A

General von hinderburg was called into destroy the two russian armies at Tannenburg and the Masurian lakes

35
Q

Who was Hindenburgs right hand man

A

Ludendorff

36
Q

How did Britian try to knock out the turks

A

black sea penninsula named Dardanelles was a key subject for them, turned disastrous.

37
Q

first gas attack in WWI

A

Ypres

38
Q

German war at sea tactic

A
  • German U boats try to sink Britian and starve them
    • sank the Lusitania killing 1.2k
39
Q

worst year of casuties

A

1916

40
Q

Falkenhayn german lost job because

A

Verdun did not stop France

41
Q

Falkenhayn replaced by

A

Nunendorf

42
Q

What did brits do to help France in verdun

A

The Brits attack at the Somme river

43
Q

German naval war - Jutland

A

Brits lost more ships but blockcade in tacked

44
Q

Where did Russians attack in 1916

A

Russians General Brusilo attacks Austro Hungry in Ukraine

45
Q

Relevance of the Brusilo offensive

A
  • Relieved pressure on Brits and french
  • almost destroyed the Austro Hungarian Army
  • Demoralized the Russians
46
Q

What strategy did German employ to starve britian out

A

Germans announce they will resume submarine warfare, bringing US into the war, this is a gamble

47
Q

Who replaces Tsar Nicholas in 1917

A

Kerensky

48
Q

French army in 1917

A

French army Mutiny in the Aisne River; Germans never found out about this though.

49
Q

Messines Ridge

A

Haigs brought in minors to dig into german trenches and contained 1 million pounds of explosives

50
Q

Caporetto

A

Germans shift to help Austrians knock Italy out of war; they ran out of supplies because they were demolishing

51
Q

2nd Russian Revolution, how did germany start this

A

Bolsheviks sieze power; Germans sent lenin to Petrograd to disrupt provisional govt and it succeeded

52
Q

Treaty that got Russia out of war/when

A
  • Armistice signed with the Germans in December 1917
    • Treaty officially Brest Litovsk signed in march 1918
53
Q

The Ludendorff offensive plan

A

German plan to get to paris first before USA

54
Q

Who is marshall Fosch

A

Marshall fosh is the supreme comander of the allies to cordinate defensive efforts

55
Q

What stopped the Ludendorff offensive

A

Americans at Beallu wood

56
Q

Who was the leading ace of WWI

A

Leading ace Manfred Von Richeofen (red baron)

57
Q

Leading French Ace

A

Rene Fonck 75

58
Q

Leading Brit ace

A

Billy Bishop 72

59
Q

2 important German aces

A

Ernest Udet and Herman Goering

60
Q

Very first Ace

A

Roland Garros

61
Q

Leading american pilot

A

26 kills Eddie Rickenbacker

62
Q

Volenteer group in WWI combat pilots

A

Lafayette Escadrille

63
Q

Black day of german army

A

August 8th when whole units started to surrender

64
Q

Last American attack in WWI

A

Saint Mihiel offensive

65
Q

When was the end of the ottoman empire

A

ENd of WWI

66
Q

What did Brits get of Ottoman empire

A

Iraq and Palestine

67
Q

What did France get of ottoman empire

A

Syria and lebannon

68
Q

Who forms republic of turkey

A

Kemal attuuck

69
Q
A

AP EURO (20 decks)

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