Economic Advance and Social Unrest Flashcards
What geographic factors led GB to take the lead in the industrial revolution
had the raw materials, iron, coal, railroads
Who leads the industrial revolution
Great Britian
What social marker is linked with the idea of Industrialness inside of a country
The greater the urbanization of a country, the higher the industrialness
by 1850, where did the majority of the GB population live
Urban cities
what percent of the pop in France and germany lived in cities in 1850
25 percent
What held eastern europe back from increased industrialization
the no free movement of labor due to serfdom creates a more rural habitat
What advantage did west europe have in industrialization
Railroads
What/when was the Irish potato famine
Crop failure in 1845-49 that led to starvation in Ireland
what was the immediate effect of the Irish potato famine
- led to the population to be cut in half
- has not recovered from 8 mill people
Louis Blanc wrote what/when
wrote Organization of Labor in 1839
what did the org of labor state
voting working class and would establish social workshop that would employ everyone
what was the goal of Louis Blanc society
- classless society
- state would employ everyone
- does not a revolution
Louis Blanquis main belief was that
there needs to be a armed revolution in order to establish a radical socialist dictatorship of the proletariat; before marx
pierre proudhon wrote what and when
what is property in 1840 is his book
pierre proudhon ideology
did not want state ownership of property, but instead the abolition of the state; very Rousseau
Who are the three main communist faces
Marx engles and lenon
Marx was raised what?
raised Lutheran and was jewish; middle class
Who wrote the communist manifesto
1848, marx and engles cowrote communist manifesto
What did the communist manifesto call for
- called for abolition of private property
What is economic determism
everything is determined by economic factors
What was said in Das Kapital
capatalism was unstable
How did Marx invision the worlds power to become in the future
invisioned world wide proletariat regalrdless of nationality
Who were the main anarchist of the Economic Advance and Social Unrest
Peter Kropotkin and Micheal akunin
Who led the first public health movement
Edwin Chadwick
Why did Edwin Chadwick care about public health
his workers were too sick too often, maximize profit
What did Edwin Chadwick conclude about why people get sick
He thought that the filth of the lower class caused diesease
what was created in spart of the Edwin Chadwick work on public health
- 1st public health law in 1848
- installed sewers and garbage pickup
What theory remained from middle ages about how people got sick
miasmatic theory from middle ages of bad smells cause diease
Louis Pasteurs work
living organisms called germs cause disease.
what allowed Louis Pasteurs work to be done
the microscope
Edward Lister work
reformed hospital and surgical procedures to kill germs with listerine
who mostly benifited from the war on germs
pregnant women
Charles Darwin fammous work
On the origin of the species 1859
Herbert Spencer known for
Social Darwinism
Emile Zola
father of realism or naturalism
Gustave Flaubert famous work
Madame Bovary abt adultery and suicide
What is Realism
a mid nineteenth century artistic movement characterised by subjects painted from everyday life in a naturalistic manner
Main causes of the 1848 revolution
The Liberals wanted more powers from the new revolutions
Cause of the Paris revolution in 1848
Liberals wanted power, and bad harvests and unemployment brought in the masses
What was the breaking point of the paris rev in 1848
the government forbid workers banquet and this caused the workers to overcome this and overthrow government
What happened to LP during the paris rev of 1848
when barricades went up, LP abdicated, saving lives
What governemnt took place after the paris rev of 1848
Lamartine the liberal and Blanc the socialist formed a provisioal governement; named the second republic
What was the result of Lamartine and Blancs governemnt
Universial male sufferage elects a new national assembly in April; electing mostly conservatives
What did the new national assembly in the second republic do after the 1848 revolution in paris
closed the national workshops that were socialist
Response to the closing of the socialist workshops after the 1848 revolution in paris
Liberals revolt again and it starts the june day fighting
what did General Cavaignac do during the june day uprising
genera cavaignac led troops to crush the radical workers
Result of the 1848 paris revolutions as a whole
the power still was held by the powerful middle class
who was elected as the new president for the 2nd republic
Louis Napoleon was suprise winner
who were the candidate for the new president of the 2nd republic
- Cavaignav was early front runner
- Louis Napoleon was suprise winner
- Lamartine came in third
what is done with the 2nd republic after the june day fighting
create a consitution and then elect a president
Louis Napoleon backround
He is from the bonapartes ruling in holland
What were Louis Napoleons plans when elected
- Napoleonic ideas and Eliminate poverty
- government should represent people and help politically
- parliaments and political party are not solution
- strong semi authoritarian national leader was solution
What is LN response to assembly not allowing him another term as president
- Dec 2 1851, launches a coup
- arrest 26k political opponents
How does Louis Napoleon gain power after he is denied reelection
1852 Plebicites approved creation of 2nd empire
What was the main nationalist revolt in the hapsburg empire about
independence in hungry
who led the nationalist revolt in the hapsburg empire
Louis Kossuth
Main liberal revolt in austria started where?
University students rioted in vienna for Liberal reforms
What did austrians heads of state do during the revolts
- Metternich resigns and flees country
- Emp. Ferdinand I freed serfs
Result of Magyar revolt, temporarily ending the revolution.
March laws made hungry independent in 1848
How did Hungry mess up the March laws
Screwed it up and annexed Romanians, Croats and Serbs; causing them to fight amonst themselves
Who demands independence from hungry
Czechs and poles
Who replaces the austrian king when under revolt
18 yo Franz-Joseph replaces his uncle in the Hapsburg empire
What is done to the revolts in austria.
- Prince Windischgraz took austrian army into prage and crushed czechs and poles
- then he went to vienna and crushed the liberals
Franz Jospeh got Nicholas I for help and sent 130k russians to crush hungry revolt
- then he went to vienna and crushed the liberals
3 groups in the revolts in italy 1848
Piedmont, Pope Pius and Mazzini
What does the piedmont group think that italy should do in 1848
prime minister cavour wants to be promoted to king of italy with consitutional monarch, not republic
How does prime minister Cavour get his word out to the people of italy
Cavour had a newspaper named reorginization
What is Pope Pius IX plan to rule italy
ruler of all palpal states, absolute monarch
What is Mazzini to rule Italy
“Young Italy” in order to establish a republic
Result of the N italian revolt against hapsburg for independence
- king of piedmont aided rebellion
- got crushed and abdicated to vicor emmanuel
king of piedmont
Charles albert
result of Pope Pius trying to become the ruler of Italy
Pope pius IX forced to flee due to radicals trying to hang him because he was viewed as an absolute monarch
Who helps Pope Pius after he is ran out of rome
Louis Napoeleon sent french troop to rome to restore hope
Why does Louis Napoleon help the pope
to gain fame from his country
What reforms did Frederick William IV make after there was a prussian revolt
allowed limited reform w 3 tiered voting system parliament
Frankfurt Parliament was for what in concept
delgates from all german states wrote up liberal constitution
Frankfurt Parliament was caused to answer what big question
Should German unification include austria or not
words that meant that Big germany
grossdeutch
words that meant that small germany
kleindeutsh
Which German unifications process was picked
small germany
Who was offered the crown of Germany
Fredrick william
Why did Fredrick william decline the german throne
god didnt make him king of that
Who creates the first police force
Britain 1828
First british police force man
Sir Robert Peel
Who follows British lead in police force
France and then prussia in 1848
where do the french put there criminalas
devils island of French Guiana
Thomas Malthus
- first professional economist predicted a dire future
- population control
Saint Simon
management of wealth by a board of experts would create the perfect society
Robert Owen
- creates model community of workers
- 600 people group of self suffient workers
- New Lanark, England and New Harmony, Indiana
Charles Fourier
advocated free love community called phalanxes
