Cultural stuff Flashcards
How do individuals rights differ from today
no individual freedom and mostly belong to a group
Percent nobles population and their land ownage
1 percent of population owning 1/4 of the land
Who becomes the richest commoners
Commerce merchants
What are the two denominations of British nobles
House of Lords. House of Commons
What is the house of the Lords
They have a larger influence on laws
What is the House of commons
Commerce focused
Difference between French and Britain nobles
French are more split, dont pay taxes and are fancier
What are the groups of French Nobles
Nobles of Swords, Nobles of Robes
What is the older group of the French Nobles
Nobles of the Swords, apparently descendants of the Crusaders
What are the Nobles of the Robes
Get to be it by serving in government well
What is 2 small subset of Nobles in france
Court Nobles and Country nobles aka Hoberquex
How are the east european nobles different
power over the life and death of surfs, absolute lords of their land
How do the french nobles get paid
through fuedal dues from peasant tennants
What was the noble reaction to the growing monarch
Aristocratic resurgance
How did Nobles protect positions
Made it harder to become a noble. Made all military’s, church and government officials nobles. uses existing institutions such as parliament to limit the power of the monarch. and improved financial positions by collecting forgotten taxes from medieval dues
Examples of old new medieval taxes used by nobles
Banalites (bread tax) and work tax
What was the peasant revolt
Pugachevs rebellion in Russia in 1773-1776, crushed by Catherine the Great
What was the womens main concern in europe at the time
leaving parents home and working enough to have adewut dowry to marry in her 20s
What is a Dowry
an economic value brought by women when married
What was the education rate at this time
90 percent of people did not have formal education
Where did Agricultural revoltion start
Netherlands in late 1690
Why does the Agricultural revolution start where it did
Because of the neccessity for more food for the growing population of Netherlands
What 2 countries made large advances in Agriculutre
netherlands and Britian
Who creates Iron Plow
Jethro Tull
Who creates crop rotation system
Charles Turnip towns
What did crop rotation system replace and why
Follow feild system was used before, led to the ability to use all of the land at the same time rather than wait
What is the most important ingredient in the ag rev, how did it help
Clover, provides food for animals, and replaces nutrients fast
Who creates selective breeding
Robert Bakewell
What spread the information of ag rev
Athrur young edidted the Animals of Agriculure, which spread the news
What was the main producer of agriculure at the time
small farms, ineffecient
What is the enclosure movement
Land lords walled off large chunks of land and let everyone work together to be more productive, ends the small farm
What did parliament do in ag rev
closed 1/2 mil acres of land
what leads to larger population
the growth of potatos in the ag rev
What intros into the capatilist movement
Enclosure movement
How does the ag rev change east euro
not much except the usage of potato and maize from the colombian exchange
when does the population start to increase
halfway through 17th century
population from 1700 to 1800 to 1850 exact numbers
110 - 190 - 270 million
First industry to come out of industrial rev
Britians Textile industry
Largest city in Europe
London
Reasons why London is good (11)
center of fashion, newspaper, 13 colonies, free trade zone, social mobility, roads, rivers, coal/iron, political system, banks, tax
First steam engine, when who
1776 James watts
breakthrough for industry was what
usage of iron
how was iron invented
Coke was used instead of charchol for a hotter fire, less impurities, removed more slag
Who created iron
Henry Cort
Who invented steel
Henry Bessemer
4 cities in 1500 with cities larger than 100k
Millian, Vennice, Paris, Naples
What 2 types of cities grew fastest
Port Cities, Capitials
what city grew the most
London 500k
7 cities in 1700 with 100k pop
London, Paris, rome, Seville, Antewerp, Amsterdam, Palermo
How many cities in 1700 had more than 100k
17
Who lives in the cities
Borgeouis, Artisians and jews because they cant own land
Who are Skilled laborers
artisians Grocers, Butcers, Upper lower class in guildes
Where do Jews mostly live
Segregatted ghetos in cities, countries more to the east had more jews, less in the west
Where does spain own
Ceneral south amrica except brazil, Flordia, mexico, cali, 1/2 hati island
where does france own
Quebec, Ohio miss river valley, St. Dominique, Quadalupe, Martinique
Where does Britian own
13 colonies, novia scotia, new foundland, jamacia, barbadoc, india port
where odes dutch own
Suninam, Dutch east indies from indonesia
What are the most important holdings for all places
the west indies carribean
what did West indies produce
Sugar, tobbaco, cotton, inidgo, coffee
why is sugar so important
it is used to sweeten the items that britian was addictied to
What was the first international slave trade
Muslim n africa and sub saharran africa
who took 1st slaves
Portugeese and spanish in order to work on sugar plantation
where and how were slaves traded in africa
Local tribal chiefs in west africa
why was the trans atlantic slave trade neccesary
Naties dies from disease, sugar is intensive proccess to make
who took the most slaves
Brazil by far, 9 million slaves overall though
first slave revolt
St. domingo slave revolt in 1794 on the french part, killed every white person on the island and declared it free
who outlaws transatlantic slave trade first
Great britian in 1807
last place to outlaw slavery
Brazil 1888
Native american draft animals
Non except Llama
what was the NA diet
Little meat, corn, beans, potatos
what did NA give to colombian people in dieases
Syphillis
what animals came from europe
pig cow sheep goat horse
what food came from europe
peaches oranges, grapes, melons, bananas, onions, rice
what food did europe get
maize potato pwpper beans peanuts squash tabbaco
what is mercantalism
amassing as much gold and silver as posisble
