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AP EURO > Absoultism and Parliamentary Monarchy > Flashcards

Absoultism and Parliamentary Monarchy Flashcards

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1
Q

What role is the duke of sully in Henry IV court

A

Chief minister

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2
Q

How does the duke of sully help Henry IV

A

He appoints intendents, builds a canal system, and develops Corvee

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3
Q

How do the projects by Duke of sully help Henry IV

A

brings the king more independent power from the wealth generated

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4
Q

What did the intendents do that were appointed by duke of sully

A

often tax collectors, and army recruiters to cut out local noble in the feudal system

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5
Q

Why was a canal built under Henry VI

A

to bring a royal tax for more revenue

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6
Q

What is a corvee

A

a work tax that made 2-3 week of the year mandatory work on public good

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7
Q

Who is the throne passed to when Henry is assassinated in 1610

A

Louis XIII, but he is only 9

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8
Q

Who runs France when the 9 year old is in charge

A

Marie de Medicis

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9
Q

What 2 things did Marie de Medicis do whilst in office

A

Treaty of Fontainbleau, Cardinal Richelieu appointed Chief Minister

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10
Q

What is Treaty of Fontainbleau

A

alliance with spain

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11
Q

What was Cardinal R’s main goal

A

strengthen the monarch of France and France position in Europe

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12
Q

Raison D’etat meaning

A

National interest

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13
Q

What is Cardinals R’s local reform

A

He attacks the local court of france and wants them to be unified

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14
Q

Who did Cardinal R go after inside of France

A

sent army to La Rochelle to go after the Huguenots fortified cities

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15
Q

What did the peace of Alais do and when was it

A

1629 and it truncated the edict of nantes

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16
Q

Who is Anne of Austria

A

Louis XIV mother

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17
Q

What does anne of Austria do

A

appoints cardinal Mazarin, such a bad appointee others start to revolt

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18
Q

Who comes after Elizabeth in England

A

Elizabeth names James VI of Scotland as Successor

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19
Q

Why does Elizabeth name james the successor

A

feels bad for what happened to his mother, mary stuart

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20
Q

Why is James VI of scotland unpopular

A

he is not English, his mother is catholic

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21
Q

What power strugle does James VI have

A

Does not want to share power with congress

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22
Q

What does James VI do to avoid Parliment

A

imposes impositions aka custom duties

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23
Q

What are impositions

A

Taxes on imports to run the government without parliment

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24
Q

What is Hampton Court

A

When puritans went to James VI and asked him to revolutionize the C of E for more calvanist ways but he refused because Elizabeth refused also

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25
Q

Who is the last tudor

A

Elizabeth

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26
Q

When did James I agree to KJB

A

1611

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27
Q

What was James I hobby

A

Sports, creates book of Sports 1618

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28
Q

What did the pilgrims do when James I did not agree with them

A

fled to form colonies

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29
Q

What did James I do when they started to run out of money

A

Sold noble titles

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30
Q

What actions did James I do to reduce cost

A

sign peace treaty with spain in 1604 to reduce the chance of war, he also refused to send army in 1618 to HRE to help protestant causes

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31
Q

When does Parliment finally get a decleration of war against spain

A

1625 when james i is on his death bed

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32
Q

who comes after James I

A

Charles I

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33
Q

how are Charles i and james i similar when it comes to ruling

A

both did not want to have parliment

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34
Q

how does charles i avoid parliment

A

forces loans

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35
Q

what is Petition of rights

A

set to describe the rights of people and nobles; denied by charles i

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36
Q

Why was charles i convicted of treason

A

attempted to raise taxes without parliment

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37
Q

for how long and whom dispended parliament

A

Charles i dispanded parliament from 1629-1640

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38
Q

What are the 2 main causes of the english civil war

A

Charles unpopular marriage to a french catholic princess; Charles tries to convert scots to anglican church

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39
Q

What led to the long parliament

A

after charles dispanded parliament for so long, they kept it going becase they were afraid of it never being called back

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40
Q

Who were the main players of english civil war

A

Cavaliers and the round heads

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41
Q

What areas are for the cavaliers

A

more rural areas supported the cavaliers as they were for the king

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42
Q

Why did the Roundheads win

A

The new model army was a superior army

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43
Q

Where was the main 2 victorys of the Roundheads

A

Marston moore and Naseby

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44
Q

what happens to Charles I when he dies

A

he is guilty of treason and gets his head chopped off

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45
Q

What happens to parliament dirrectly after the king dies

A

Prides purge barred the prespeterians from entering parliament

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46
Q

Who is running parliament after prides purge

A

The Rump parliament

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47
Q

What is the Rump parliament

A

a puritan republic form of governemt

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48
Q

who leads the roundheads

A

Oliver Chromwell

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49
Q

What happens to the Rump Parliament

A

Oliver Chromwell dispands it and establishes the Protectorate

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50
Q

what is the Protectorate

A

Oliver chromwell declares himself a dictator

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51
Q

What happens after Oliver Chromwell dies

A

he tries to give his son, richard all the power but it does not work

52
Q

Why cant Oliver give his son the power

A

the power is derived from the new model army and richard has no experience with the new model army

53
Q

Who was also killed along with Charles I

A

William Laud, a favored archbishop that puritans hated

54
Q

What 2 questions was the civil war fought over

A

Would eng become an absolute monarchy or parliamenary monarch; would the church be centerlized anglican or decentralized preperterian

55
Q

who comes to restore monarch

A

Charles II

56
Q

Clarendon Codes

A

1661-65, acts which excluded non Anglicans from serving in gov, had to follow book of prayer

57
Q

How does Charles II distract everyone

A

focusing on forgien power

58
Q

What is the Treaty of Dover

A

treaty with Louis XIV to fight the Dutch

59
Q

What is the Test act of 1672

A

required all gov employees to deny transubstantiation

60
Q

What is the real reason of Test act

A

Aimed at James II, charles brother, he was a catholic

61
Q

How does Charles II get money

A

relies on custom duties and grants from Louis XIV

62
Q

what in return did Louis XIV get from grants to Charles II

A

Charles would have to convert to Catholicism, converts on deathbed

63
Q

What does James II do to help catholics when he got into rule

A

appoints catholics (illegal), asks parliament to take back test act (they dont) and issuses the Dec of Indulgences to give catholics more rights in government

64
Q

What does James II do to prove he is protestant

A

marries daughter mary stuart to William of Orange

65
Q

why was it unfortunate that james II had a baby boy

A

because he would get to rule rather than the protestant queen

66
Q

What does parliament do after James II has a baby

A

Whigs and torries invite William of orange to invade england

67
Q

What happens to James II as William of Orange invades in the glorious revolution

A

james flees to ireland because they are catholic

68
Q

what is the result of glorious revolution

A

William and mary and named monarchs and they sign the bill of rights saying there will never be a cathloic king ever again

69
Q

What is the Battle of the Boyne

A

James II forms Jacobite army on ireland and william defeats them in boyne river in ireland

70
Q

where does james flee to after battle of boyne

A

france

71
Q

who supported William in the battle of the boyne

A

pope

72
Q

What is the act of settlement say

A

Parliament gets to pick who rules after William and Mary die. They pick Protestant House of Hanover after the protestant stuart line dies out

73
Q

Who is the last stuart to rule

A

Anne, dies in 1714

74
Q

Who gets throne after the last stuart

A

George I of Hanover

75
Q

What follows the 30 years war in france

A

Noble Revolt against the monarchy

76
Q

What is the cause for the Noble revolt in france

A

After the 30 years war, they come back and find that the king is 9 years old and a forgiener was ruling france

77
Q

what kicked off the noble revolt

A

the fronde was kicked off by Mazarin arresting duke of conde

78
Q

Who leads the royal army in the noble revolt

A

Marshall turenne

79
Q

What is the result of the Noble revolt

A

just 3 years post revolt, the king is asked to return

80
Q

what does louis learn from the noble revolt

A

never to trust the nobles

81
Q

What does Louis do when in power to defend against another revolt

A

moves capital in versailli and never replaces Mazarin, chief minister when he dies in 1661

82
Q

who is Mazarin

A

Louis chief minister

83
Q

What skills allows Louis to rule france

A

he is a master of propoganda and street smart

84
Q

How does Louis establish order throughout France

A

he allows regional parlemts to keep power

85
Q

What did Louis believe he was

A

Gods Lieutenant

86
Q

How is Louis different from other rulers at the time, and what does he say to prove it

A

He rules everything, “I am the state”

87
Q

What determinant holds Louis back from more control of the people

A

due to medieval agreement, he could not tax the nobles

88
Q

who was Louis financial officer

A

Colbert

89
Q

What was Colberts vision for France

A

mercantalist policy, expanded colonization with trading companies

90
Q

What is Louis first mistake

A

Revokes Edict of Nantes in 1685

91
Q

How does Revoking the Edict of Nantes affect France

A

Causes the rest of the Huegnots in France to leave, this is there middle class and hurts france because of that

92
Q

Why are the Hugenotes more valuable than Catholics in france

A

they work harder and more days per year, they also were officers that helped other countires when they left

93
Q

why does Louis want his nobles in versailli

A

to control them

94
Q

What power dynamic changes in Europe

A

No longer religous alliances, just alliances against too powerful countries

95
Q

How does the armies in France differ from the rest of Europe

A

They create the first standing army

96
Q

Who are the minister of wars for France under Louis XIV

A

Le Tellier and Louvois

97
Q

How was France army different from others

A

Ranks for comoners, standardized uniforms with strict drills and had infaltry

98
Q

What is Louis foriegn policy goal

A

Take the natural frotntiers of Europe

99
Q

First war that Louis used his army for

A

Wars of Devolution

100
Q

purpose of wars of Devolution

A

France wants to take Spanish Netherlands

101
Q

Who is on the side of spanish for the wars of devolution

A

England Sweeden and Dutch, religion does not matter at this point

102
Q

What is the second war of France

A

Dutch war

103
Q

Result of Wars of Devoltution

A

France got city of Lillie in t Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

104
Q

Who is on what side for the Dutch war

A

England and Spanish initially agaisnt the Dutch

105
Q

What causes England to switch from France to dutch side in the war

A

France declines a large offer of money and land, england sees as a grab of power and switches over

106
Q

Who is against France after the refusual in the Dutch war

A

England, Spain , Austria and william of orange all agaisnt France

107
Q

What was Louis second big mistake

A

refusal for Dutch land

108
Q

What does the Treaty of Nijmen say

A

Louis forced to recognize Dutch as independent, France replaces Latin as dominate language

109
Q

What is the reason behind war os leauge of augsburg

A

Get german states along rhine river

110
Q

Major battlke during League of augusburg

A

Denain battle with marshall villars

111
Q

What is formed to stop france in 1688

A

League of Augsburg, Austria, Spain, Sweden, Netherlands, Bavaria, Saxony , England

112
Q

What does the treaty of Ryswick say

A

Louis has to return all land after the Leauge of Augsburg is formed, and recognize William as king of england rather than James II

113
Q

What bankrupts france

A

millitary, 76 percent of budget

114
Q

cause of the war of spanish succession

A

King Charles II of spain dies w no children and names Louis XIV grandson as succesor, Louis accepts but the rest of europe was not with it

115
Q

what is formed to prevent France and Spanish alliance, and who is with france

A

Grand alliance with England Netherlands, Austria, Prussia, and protugal, Spain and Bovaria are Frances people

116
Q

What is the Act of Union

A

united England Scotland wales and france in 1707

117
Q

Who leads union army in spanish succesion war

A

John Chuchhill the duke of Malborough

118
Q

Where does John Churchill defeat France

A

Belheim in 1704

119
Q

what is Malplaquet

A

the largest battle of the spanish war of succession

120
Q

Who lead both sides with how many people

A

100k under Malborugh and Eugene of Savoy and 90k under Marshall villars

121
Q

Who won Malplaquet

A

British won but lost double amount of people

122
Q

What makes England drop out of the Spanish succession war

A

Charles VI was leader of HRE and was going to take the throne of spain if France did not take it, so Britian drops out

123
Q

What is the treaty of Utretch

A

ended the war of spanish succession

124
Q

What were the main things in the treaty of Utretch

A

Phillip V recognized as king of spain but could never unite with France, Louis CIV recogonizes Hanover George I as king of Britan, land in europe cededd to britian, spanish netherlands given to austria, britian keeps gibralter

125
Q

Who lost the war of spanish succession

A

Spain and france

AP EURO (20 decks)

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