Absoultism and Parliamentary Monarchy Flashcards
1
Q
What role is the duke of sully in Henry IV court
A
Chief minister
2
Q
How does the duke of sully help Henry IV
A
He appoints intendents, builds a canal system, and develops Corvee
3
Q
How do the projects by Duke of sully help Henry IV
A
brings the king more independent power from the wealth generated
4
Q
What did the intendents do that were appointed by duke of sully
A
often tax collectors, and army recruiters to cut out local noble in the feudal system
5
Q
Why was a canal built under Henry VI
A
to bring a royal tax for more revenue
6
Q
What is a corvee
A
a work tax that made 2-3 week of the year mandatory work on public good
7
Q
Who is the throne passed to when Henry is assassinated in 1610
A
Louis XIII, but he is only 9
8
Q
Who runs France when the 9 year old is in charge
A
Marie de Medicis
9
Q
What 2 things did Marie de Medicis do whilst in office
A
Treaty of Fontainbleau, Cardinal Richelieu appointed Chief Minister
10
Q
What is Treaty of Fontainbleau
A
alliance with spain
11
Q
What was Cardinal R’s main goal
A
strengthen the monarch of France and France position in Europe
12
Q
Raison D’etat meaning
A
National interest
13
Q
What is Cardinals R’s local reform
A
He attacks the local court of france and wants them to be unified
14
Q
Who did Cardinal R go after inside of France
A
sent army to La Rochelle to go after the Huguenots fortified cities
15
Q
What did the peace of Alais do and when was it
A
1629 and it truncated the edict of nantes
16
Q
Who is Anne of Austria
A
Louis XIV mother
17
Q
What does anne of Austria do
A
appoints cardinal Mazarin, such a bad appointee others start to revolt
18
Q
Who comes after Elizabeth in England
A
Elizabeth names James VI of Scotland as Successor
19
Q
Why does Elizabeth name james the successor
A
feels bad for what happened to his mother, mary stuart
20
Q
Why is James VI of scotland unpopular
A
he is not English, his mother is catholic
21
Q
What power strugle does James VI have
A
Does not want to share power with congress
22
Q
What does James VI do to avoid Parliment
A
imposes impositions aka custom duties
23
Q
What are impositions
A
Taxes on imports to run the government without parliment
24
Q
What is Hampton Court
A
When puritans went to James VI and asked him to revolutionize the C of E for more calvanist ways but he refused because Elizabeth refused also
25
Who is the last tudor
Elizabeth
26
When did James I agree to KJB
1611
27
What was James I hobby
Sports, creates book of Sports 1618
28
What did the pilgrims do when James I did not agree with them
fled to form colonies
29
What did James I do when they started to run out of money
Sold noble titles
30
What actions did James I do to reduce cost
sign peace treaty with spain in 1604 to reduce the chance of war, he also refused to send army in 1618 to HRE to help protestant causes
31
When does Parliment finally get a decleration of war against spain
1625 when james i is on his death bed
32
who comes after James I
Charles I
33
how are Charles i and james i similar when it comes to ruling
both did not want to have parliment
34
how does charles i avoid parliment
forces loans
35
what is Petition of rights
set to describe the rights of people and nobles; denied by charles i
36
Why was charles i convicted of treason
attempted to raise taxes without parliment
37
for how long and whom dispended parliament
Charles i dispanded parliament from 1629-1640
38
What are the 2 main causes of the english civil war
Charles unpopular marriage to a french catholic princess; Charles tries to convert scots to anglican church
39
What led to the long parliament
after charles dispanded parliament for so long, they kept it going becase they were afraid of it never being called back
40
Who were the main players of english civil war
Cavaliers and the round heads
41
What areas are for the cavaliers
more rural areas supported the cavaliers as they were for the king
42
Why did the Roundheads win
The new model army was a superior army
43
Where was the main 2 victorys of the Roundheads
Marston moore and Naseby
44
what happens to Charles I when he dies
he is guilty of treason and gets his head chopped off
45
What happens to parliament dirrectly after the king dies
Prides purge barred the prespeterians from entering parliament
46
Who is running parliament after prides purge
The Rump parliament
47
What is the Rump parliament
a puritan republic form of governemt
48
who leads the roundheads
Oliver Chromwell
49
What happens to the Rump Parliament
Oliver Chromwell dispands it and establishes the Protectorate
50
what is the Protectorate
Oliver chromwell declares himself a dictator
51
What happens after Oliver Chromwell dies
he tries to give his son, richard all the power but it does not work
52
Why cant Oliver give his son the power
the power is derived from the new model army and richard has no experience with the new model army
53
Who was also killed along with Charles I
William Laud, a favored archbishop that puritans hated
54
What 2 questions was the civil war fought over
Would eng become an absolute monarchy or parliamenary monarch; would the church be centerlized anglican or decentralized preperterian
55
who comes to restore monarch
Charles II
56
Clarendon Codes
1661-65, acts which excluded non Anglicans from serving in gov, had to follow book of prayer
57
How does Charles II distract everyone
focusing on forgien power
58
What is the Treaty of Dover
treaty with Louis XIV to fight the Dutch
59
What is the Test act of 1672
required all gov employees to deny transubstantiation
60
What is the real reason of Test act
Aimed at James II, charles brother, he was a catholic
61
How does Charles II get money
relies on custom duties and grants from Louis XIV
62
what in return did Louis XIV get from grants to Charles II
Charles would have to convert to Catholicism, converts on deathbed
63
What does James II do to help catholics when he got into rule
appoints catholics (illegal), asks parliament to take back test act (they dont) and issuses the Dec of Indulgences to give catholics more rights in government
64
What does James II do to prove he is protestant
marries daughter mary stuart to William of Orange
65
why was it unfortunate that james II had a baby boy
because he would get to rule rather than the protestant queen
66
What does parliament do after James II has a baby
Whigs and torries invite William of orange to invade england
67
What happens to James II as William of Orange invades in the glorious revolution
james flees to ireland because they are catholic
68
what is the result of glorious revolution
William and mary and named monarchs and they sign the bill of rights saying there will never be a cathloic king ever again
69
What is the Battle of the Boyne
James II forms Jacobite army on ireland and william defeats them in boyne river in ireland
70
where does james flee to after battle of boyne
france
71
who supported William in the battle of the boyne
pope
72
What is the act of settlement say
Parliament gets to pick who rules after William and Mary die. They pick Protestant House of Hanover after the protestant stuart line dies out
73
Who is the last stuart to rule
Anne, dies in 1714
74
Who gets throne after the last stuart
George I of Hanover
75
What follows the 30 years war in france
Noble Revolt against the monarchy
76
What is the cause for the Noble revolt in france
After the 30 years war, they come back and find that the king is 9 years old and a forgiener was ruling france
77
what kicked off the noble revolt
the fronde was kicked off by Mazarin arresting duke of conde
78
Who leads the royal army in the noble revolt
Marshall turenne
79
What is the result of the Noble revolt
just 3 years post revolt, the king is asked to return
80
what does louis learn from the noble revolt
never to trust the nobles
81
What does Louis do when in power to defend against another revolt
moves capital in versailli and never replaces Mazarin, chief minister when he dies in 1661
82
who is Mazarin
Louis chief minister
83
What skills allows Louis to rule france
he is a master of propoganda and street smart
84
How does Louis establish order throughout France
he allows regional parlemts to keep power
85
What did Louis believe he was
Gods Lieutenant
86
How is Louis different from other rulers at the time, and what does he say to prove it
He rules everything, "I am the state"
87
What determinant holds Louis back from more control of the people
due to medieval agreement, he could not tax the nobles
88
who was Louis financial officer
Colbert
89
What was Colberts vision for France
mercantalist policy, expanded colonization with trading companies
90
What is Louis first mistake
Revokes Edict of Nantes in 1685
91
How does Revoking the Edict of Nantes affect France
Causes the rest of the Huegnots in France to leave, this is there middle class and hurts france because of that
92
Why are the Hugenotes more valuable than Catholics in france
they work harder and more days per year, they also were officers that helped other countires when they left
93
why does Louis want his nobles in versailli
to control them
94
What power dynamic changes in Europe
No longer religous alliances, just alliances against too powerful countries
95
How does the armies in France differ from the rest of Europe
They create the first standing army
96
Who are the minister of wars for France under Louis XIV
Le Tellier and Louvois
97
How was France army different from others
Ranks for comoners, standardized uniforms with strict drills and had infaltry
98
What is Louis foriegn policy goal
Take the natural frotntiers of Europe
99
First war that Louis used his army for
Wars of Devolution
100
purpose of wars of Devolution
France wants to take Spanish Netherlands
101
Who is on the side of spanish for the wars of devolution
England Sweeden and Dutch, religion does not matter at this point
102
What is the second war of France
Dutch war
103
Result of Wars of Devoltution
France got city of Lillie in t Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
104
Who is on what side for the Dutch war
England and Spanish initially agaisnt the Dutch
105
What causes England to switch from France to dutch side in the war
France declines a large offer of money and land, england sees as a grab of power and switches over
106
Who is against France after the refusual in the Dutch war
England, Spain , Austria and william of orange all agaisnt France
107
What was Louis second big mistake
refusal for Dutch land
108
What does the Treaty of Nijmen say
Louis forced to recognize Dutch as independent, France replaces Latin as dominate language
109
What is the reason behind war os leauge of augsburg
Get german states along rhine river
110
Major battlke during League of augusburg
Denain battle with marshall villars
111
What is formed to stop france in 1688
League of Augsburg, Austria, Spain, Sweden, Netherlands, Bavaria, Saxony , England
112
What does the treaty of Ryswick say
Louis has to return all land after the Leauge of Augsburg is formed, and recognize William as king of england rather than James II
113
What bankrupts france
millitary, 76 percent of budget
114
cause of the war of spanish succession
King Charles II of spain dies w no children and names Louis XIV grandson as succesor, Louis accepts but the rest of europe was not with it
115
what is formed to prevent France and Spanish alliance, and who is with france
Grand alliance with England Netherlands, Austria, Prussia, and protugal, Spain and Bovaria are Frances people
116
What is the Act of Union
united England Scotland wales and france in 1707
117
Who leads union army in spanish succesion war
John Chuchhill the duke of Malborough
118
Where does John Churchill defeat France
Belheim in 1704
119
what is Malplaquet
the largest battle of the spanish war of succession
120
Who lead both sides with how many people
100k under Malborugh and Eugene of Savoy and 90k under Marshall villars
121
Who won Malplaquet
British won but lost double amount of people
122
What makes England drop out of the Spanish succession war
Charles VI was leader of HRE and was going to take the throne of spain if France did not take it, so Britian drops out
123
What is the treaty of Utretch
ended the war of spanish succession
124
What were the main things in the treaty of Utretch
Phillip V recognized as king of spain but could never unite with France, Louis CIV recogonizes Hanover George I as king of Britan, land in europe cededd to britian, spanish netherlands given to austria, britian keeps gibralter
125
Who lost the war of spanish succession
Spain and france
