Enlightenment

Question 1

what is the point of the enlightement

Answer 1

applied logic to different areas of life

Question 2

demographic of philophes

Answer 2

upper middle class educated

Question 3

opponents of the enlightement

Answer 3

monarches

Question 4

first philospher

Answer 4

voltaire

Question 5

why did voltaire flee to great britian

Answer 5

to escape the improsonment of Louis XV

Question 6

What did voltaire write in great britian

Answer 6

letters on the english, praising limited monarch

Question 7

how did voltaire help science

Answer 7

translated newtons work into a cliffnotes version in french for others to read

Question 8

last voltaire

Answer 8

candide, 1759, satirized war

Question 9

french women durig enlightement

Answer 9

read books at salons and attracted fancy people

Question 10

big 4

Answer 10

voltaire, montesque, rousseau, diderot

Question 11

what did montesque do before this

Answer 11

noble of the robe. judge

Question 12

who wrote a satire of the french society, name of book?

Answer 12

montesque write persian letters in 1721

Question 13

What is montesques main political involvement

Answer 13

wrote spirits of law, 3 branches of government, scientfic approach

Question 14

who was rousseaus

Answer 14

low class, wrote about economics a bit

Question 15

origional marxist?

Answer 15

discourse on the orgin of inequality by rousseaus

Question 16

what was rousseau social contract theory

Answer 16

all men born free with chains, everyone should vote on laws, freedom was law

Question 17

2 important jews of enlightement

Answer 17

baruch spinoza and moses mendelson

Question 18

who was diderot

Answer 18

publisher, encylopedia of enlightenment 1751-1772

Question 19

what did spinoza write?

Answer 19

Theologial poltical treatise of 1670, says to approach bible like any other book

Question 20

what did mendelson write

Answer 20

on eclesiastical power in judiasim in 1781

Question 21

why was medelson hated

Answer 21

said that jew is not the only correct way to a religious life

Question 22

who wrote the book on justice of this time

Answer 22

Beccaria wrote crimes and punishements, rational judgement

Question 23

who were the physucocrates

Answer 23

quesanay and adam smith

Question 24

what did quesnay write about

Answer 24

attacked mercantalism, no internal or external tarrifs

Question 25

what did adam smith talk about

Answer 25

greed no governemtn regulation, lassiz faire

Question 26

what did adam smith write

Answer 26

wealth of nations

Question 27

what other topic did adam smith write about

Answer 27

a human societal evolution explination for why imperliasim is good

Question 28

white mans burden

Answer 28

kipplings, educating savages is white mans burden

Question 29

Who had the largest impact on women during this time period

Answer 29

rousseau, He published " Emile" which stated they should be educated on how dumb they are

Question 30

What are enlightened despots

Answer 30

people who use their ruling power to a more rational society

Question 31

why would a ruler be englightened

Answer 31

to increase a part of their society, economics

Question 32

examples of enlightened despots

Answer 32

Fred II uniformed law, Catherine the great, Joseph II

Question 33

Most enlightened despot

Answer 33

Joseph II, relioigus toleration, abolishes sefdom, equal taxation, equal crim

Question 34

how does Joseph II overstep

Answer 34

tried to centeralize authority and this was restricted by the magyars aka hungarians

Question 35

what was joseph II main target in reforms

Answer 35

the catholic church independence, priest turned to government employees

Question 36

how does catherine the great become very reformative

Answer 36

she is from germany and is more in touch of their enlightenment ideas

Question 37

what gave catherine power as she is a forgiener women

Answer 37

she got 500 members of legistaltur to make reformations but they did not come up with anything so she used that as proof to rule herself

Question 38

how does catherine ally the nobles

Answer 38

charter of nobility gave local authority to nobles

Question 39

what is catherine the great main goal

Answer 39

grab a warm water port, crimea

Question 40

how does russia get crimea

Answer 40

war with ottomans, beat them in1774

Question 41

what gave russia authority in crimea

Answer 41

the treaty of kuccha - kanji gave them Crimea and access to Mediterranean, also Danube river

Question 42

what does catherine the great clam to be in the ottoman empir

Answer 42

the protector of the orthodox Christians

Question 43

What did fred the great propose to prevent an austrian russia war

Answer 43

russia give land on danabue and is compensated with polish land

Question 44

what does prussia get from the austrian russian proposal

Answer 44

land to connect prussia and east prussia, from poland

Question 45

when was teh 2nd partition of poland

Answer 45

1793

Question 46

when was the 3rd partition in poland

Answer 46

1795, during the French revolution, poland disapears

Question 47

what is the result of the enlightened despots

Answer 47

grow older and more conservative, dies out after french revolution.