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Italian Wine Scholar Unit 2 TB > Test Questions > Flashcards

Test Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Montepulciano is natvie to Abruzzo?

A

Yes

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2
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in Abruzzo?

A

Montepulciano

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3
Q

Which of the following statements are false?

a. Majority of Abruzzo’s vineyards are is planted to red grapes
b. Pecorino is an up and coming red grape that is often crafted as a varietal wine today
c. International grapes play a minor role in Abruzzo’s vineyard landscape
d. Majority of Abruzzo’s vineyard area is planted to just three grapes

A

b. Pecorino is a WHITE GRAPE

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4
Q

What are the grapes that comprise the majority of Abruzzo’s vineyard area?

A

Montepulciano

Trebbiano Toscano

Trebbiano Abbruzzese

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5
Q

What is a Rosato called in Abruzzo?

A

Cerasuolo

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6
Q

Which appellation stretches from the Adriatic to the foothills of Gran Sasso Massif and Monti Della Laga?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG

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7
Q

Where are the majority of the vineyards located in Abruzzo?

A

Central and Middle bands

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8
Q

Cerasuolo is derived from the word “cerasa” which means

A

Cherry-colored

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9
Q

How does Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo differ from other rosatos?

A

It is savory, more complex and well structured

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10
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

a. Abruzzo has a huge coastal plain where most vineyards are planted
b. Abruzzo is the most mountaneous region in Central and Southern Italy
c. Majority of Abruzzo’s vineyards are planted to just 3 grapes
d. Abruzzo is one of the most densely planted wine regions in Central & Southern Italy

A

a. Abruzzo actually has a small coast line (<1%) and mostly hills and mountains

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11
Q

Which of the following training system is not used in Abruzzo?

a. Pergola Abruzzese
b. Alberello
c. Guyot
d. Cordone Speronato

A

b. Alberello - free standing low bush, head trained vine which is found in Puglia, Calabria, Sicily and Sardegna

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12
Q

Abruzzo has a rich ampelographic heritage until:

a. International grapes entered the scene in the 1980s
b. 2 world wars destroyed the vineyards
c. Phylloxera decimated the vineyards
d. new Italian government prohibited native varieties

A

c. Phylloxera

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13
Q

Although Abruzzo’s soils are varied, most contain ….

A

Clay

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14
Q

What are the 3 bands around Abruzzo?

A

Coastal

Middle

Mountaneous

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15
Q

What band in Abruzzo do you find clay, marl and sandstone soil?

A

Middle Band

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16
Q

What sea borders Abruzzo?

A

Adriatic Sea

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17
Q

What are the Sangro, Tordino, Vomano, and Tronto?

A

Rivers in Abruzzo

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18
Q

What is the most widely planted white grape in Abruzzo?

A

Trebbiano Toscano

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19
Q

What is vino da taglio?

A

Bulk blending wine

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20
Q

Which appellation does not include all of Abruzzo’s vineyard land

a. Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG
b. Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC
c. Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC
d. Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC

A

a. Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG

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21
Q

Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo is made by what wine making technique

A

Bleeding off the tank

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22
Q

What was Trebbiano Abruzzese thought to once be identical to?

A

Bombino Bianco

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23
Q

What region has the highest population density in all of Italy?

A

Campania

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24
Q

Which part of Campania has the largest Diurnal range?

A

Mountain Band

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25
Q

Which of the following statements is false

a. Despite its southern location on the peninsula Campania often has the latest harvest for dry wines in Italy
b. Despite its southern location on the peninsula, cloudy days and summer rains are common
c. Despite its southern location on the peninsula, Campania has considerable rain
d. Despite its southern location on the peninsula, temperatures are mitigated by altitude

A

b. It rains mostly in autumn and winter

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26
Q

What sea does Campania face?

A

Tyrrhenian Sea

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27
Q

What is Campania’s most Noble White Grape?

A

Fiano

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28
Q

Which are white and black grapes:

a. Piedirosso
b. Falaghina
c. Aglianico
d. Coda di Volpe

A

a. red
b. white
c. red

d white

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29
Q

The Greco grape does not refer to Greek origin, but rather infers that the grape was used to make wine in the Greek style eg residual sugar

A

True

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30
Q

Which of the following grapes have fallen out of favor in Campania?

a. Piedirosso
b. Malvasia Bianca di Candia
c. Falaghina
d. Sangiovese
e. Barbera

A

b. Malvasia Bianca di Candia

d. Sangiovese

e. Barbera

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31
Q

What grape was save by Antonio Mastroberardino?

A

Fiano

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32
Q

Name the grape and its alias that grow double bunches and is prone to oxidation?

A

Greco

Aminea Gemina Minor

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33
Q

Campania’s most widely planted black grape? white grape?

A

Aglianico 28%

Falaghina 12%

Red grapes make up 60%

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34
Q

How many indigenous grape varieties does Campania boast?

A

over 100

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35
Q

What are genetically distinct grapes called Falanghina called

A

Falaghina Flegrea - historical Napoli & Caserta

Falaghina Beneventana - recently discovered - Falaghina Sannio DOC

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36
Q

Where is Primativo found elsewhere in Italy?

A

Puglia and Campania (considered traditional since 19th c)

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37
Q

What is considered to be the 1st appellation in history?

A

Falernum, Romans

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38
Q

What were the 3 categories of the ancient Falernum

A

Falernum Faustianum - most prestigious - mid-level on hilly slope

Falernum Caucinum - 2nd tier - highest elevatino on the hills

Falerum - low-lying vineyards

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39
Q

Where can you find 10-15m vines trellised on Poplar or Elm trees in Alberata style?

A

Asprinio di Aversa DOC in Campania

(Very old, ungrafted ingrafted vines pre-phylloxera)

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40
Q

What island is part of Campi Flegrei DOC?

A

Procida

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41
Q

What wine is known as Pidgeon’s foot or Per’ e’ Palummo?

A

Campi Flegrei Piedirosso

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42
Q

What is one of the best known and most widely recognized wines of Camapnia?

A

Vesuvio DOC (technical name)

Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio (known by which is a sub-designation with stricter rules eg lower yields/higher abv)

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43
Q

What does Lacryma Christi mean?

A

“tears of Christ”

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44
Q

What is Benevento known by its historic sub-region?

A

Sannio

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45
Q

Who is considered the father of Campania’s modern wine industry?

A

Antonio Mastroberandino

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46
Q

What is the signature grape of Ischia (isola verde, the green island)?

A

Biancolella - white wine with moderate alcohol and acidity with a saline finish

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47
Q

What is the sub-designation within Vesuvio DOC?

A

Lacryma Christi

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48
Q

What is the red grape variety know in Taurasi DOCG?

A

Aglianico

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49
Q

What is the viticulture on Costa d’Amalfi DOC

A

Pergola training, old vines on own roots, terraced vineyards

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50
Q

What grape is grown in Falaghina del Sannio?

A

Falanghina Beneventana

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51
Q

What grape is grown in Falerno del Massico DOC

A

Falaghina Flegrea

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52
Q

What river does Taurasi DOCG flank?

A

Calore River

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53
Q

How are the vineyards planted on Ischia?

A

Terraced island vineyards with monorails

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54
Q

Describe the topology of Campi Flegrea DOC?

A

West of Napoli and located in a large volcanic depression

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55
Q

What are ths soils of Greco di Tufo DOCG

A

Sulfur-rich soils of tufo and clay

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56
Q

What today’s appellation is the location of the famous Roman Falernum?

A

Falerno del Massico DOC

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57
Q

What white grape is Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio DOC (bianca) base?

A

Coda di Volpe Bianca - ancient grape exclusive to Campania

White Foxtail - clusters of grape look like a foxtail

Used in blends, Moderate acidity need to time harvest in order not to lose acidity

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58
Q

What black grape is Falerno del Massico DOC (rosso) based?

A

Aglianico

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59
Q

What white grape and DOCG is found in Avellino?

A

Fiano

Fiano di Avellino DOCG

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60
Q

Which appellation supposedly takes its name from a drip filtration system used by 17th century monks?

A

Laycrama Christi del Vesuvio

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61
Q

What appellation produces the finest, long-lived wines in Italy?

A

Fiano di Avellino DOCG

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62
Q

Which of the following is not a biotype of Aglianico?

a. Aglianico Amaro
b. Aglianico di Taurasi
c. Aglianico del Vulture
d. Aglianico della Ischia

A

d. Aglianico della Ischia

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63
Q

What type of soil does Aglianico prefer?

A

Volcanic

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64
Q

How did Campania hold onto its rich ampelographic diversity?

A

Volcanic soils kept phylloxera from spreading and devastating its native grapes

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65
Q

The Falernum of antiquity was

a. white
b. adulterated by sea water
c. adulterated by honey and spice
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

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66
Q

Define alberata?

A

Vines trained on trees

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67
Q

What is the synonym for Piederosso?

A

Per’ e’Palummo (or Pigeon foot)

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68
Q

What is known as the Barolo of the South?

A

Aglianico

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69
Q

What is Campania’s most Noble white grape?

A

Fiano

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70
Q

What borders Molise?

Including which sea?

A

Abruzzo, Campania, Lazio & Puglia

Adriatic Sea

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71
Q

What is Molise’s most planted red and white grape?

A

Montepulciano and Trebbiano Abruzzese

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72
Q

How much of Molise’s production is DOC?

A

About 50%

The rest almost all bulk

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73
Q

How much do IGT wines account for production in Molise and what is the IGT name?

A

Very little amount

Terre degli Osci IGT

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74
Q

What DOC in Molise is most likely to produce a CabSav or Sangiovese varietal?

A

Molise DOC

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75
Q

Which DOC in Molise is most likely to produce a Trebbiano Toscano blend?

A

Biferno DOC

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76
Q

Which statement is correct?

a. Molise DOC is a small appellation for vineyards along the Biferno River?
b. Varietal wines are not allowed under the Molise DOC
c. Molise DOC is for red wines only
d. Molise Rosso DOC is based on Montepulciano

A

d. Montepulciano

And allows for varietal Sangiovese, Aglianico, Merlot, CabSav, Moscato Bianco, Falaghina, Greco, Malvasia and Chardonnay

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77
Q

Molise’s terrain is made up mostly of what?

A

Mountains 55%

Hills 45%

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78
Q

What grape is native to Molise?

A

Tintilla

Was more widely planted but not very productive

Full body, deep ruby with fresh acidity and fine tannins. Flowers, Ripe Plum, Leather, Liquorice, Spice

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79
Q

What makes Campania ideal for viticulture?

a. many indigenous grapes
b. ideal soils
c. perfect climatic conditions
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

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80
Q

What is Campania’s most important and longest river?

A

Volturno River

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81
Q

Which of Campania’s wine disctrict houses 3 of the regions 4 DOCGs?

And what are the DOCGs

A

Irpinia

Fiano di Avellino DOCG

Greco di Tufo DOCG

Taurasi DOCG

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82
Q

What is Campania’s most widely planted white grape?

A

Falaghina

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83
Q

Which appellation was created specifically to revive and play homage to Falernum, the great wine of antiquity?

A

Falerno del Massico DOC

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84
Q

Which area is know for the volcanic activity that the Romans considered the “gateway to the underworld”?

A

Campi Flegrei

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85
Q

What Campanian appellation is known for tiny, terraced vineyards planted on precariously steep cliffs?

A

Costa d’Amalfi DOC

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86
Q

What was the significance of the “wine railroad”.

A

It brought Aglianico to northern wine regions grapping with phylloxera

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87
Q

Which statement about Antonio Mastroberardino is false?

a. he is considered the founding father of Campania’s modern wine industry
b. he is credited with recreating the ancient wines of Falernum
c. he saved many of Campania’s native grapes from extinction
d. his wine led to the creation of Taurasi DOC/G

A

b. he is NOT credited with recreating the ancient wines of Falernum

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88
Q

Birferno DOC relies on which two grape varieties?

A

Montepulciano & Trebbiano Toscano

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89
Q

Molise was historically tied to which region?

A

Abruzzo

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90
Q

What type of climate is associated with Western Umbria?

A

Lower hills and mountains

Has more a Mediterranean influence

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91
Q

What type of climate is associated with Central / Eastern Umbria?

A

Receives most rainfall

Has an increased continental influence versus Western Umbria

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92
Q

Whatr are the soil types around

  1. Central Umbria
  2. Southwest Umbria
  3. East of Lake Trasimeno
  4. Around Orvieto
A
  1. Central Umbria - Alluvial and lacustrine deposits
  2. Southwest Umbria - hills of marine deposits
  3. East of Lake Trasimeno - sandstone, marl & clay hills
  4. Around Orvieto - Volcanic soils
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93
Q

Describe the difference between:

  1. Tufo/tuff
  2. Tuffeau
  3. Tufa
A
  1. Tufo/tuff - soft, porous volcanic rock formed by volcanic material
  2. Tuffeau - limestone of marine origin
  3. Tufa - limestone formed by calcium carbonate
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94
Q

What is Trebbiano Toscano called in Orvieto?

A

Procanico

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95
Q

What are the native grapes to Umbria?

A

Sangratino (most distintive)

Trebbiano Spoletino (only found in Umbria)

Grechetto di Orvieto

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96
Q

When referring to Grechetto?

A

Generically refers to 2 distinct varieties

Grechetto di’Orvieto native to Umbria and its most common

&

Grechetto di’Todi (identical Pignoletto) native to Emilia Romagna and fuller body

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97
Q

What does Trebbiano Toscano typically bring to a blend?

A

High Acidity

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98
Q

What is Umbria’s most widely planted red and white grapes?

A

Sangiovese

Trebbiano Toscano

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99
Q

Describe Sangrantino

A

Very tannic (high levels of polyphenols)

Traditionally sweet, but now dry

Late ripening, cold-resistant

Thick skin makes it good for appassimento

Need oak and ageing to mitigate the tannins

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100
Q

What white grape is only found in Umbria?

A

Trebbiano Spoletino

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101
Q

What was Umbria’s first DOCG?

A

Torgiano Ross Riserva after it was split from Torgiano DOC in 1990

70% Sangiovese, 12.5% ABV 3 years ageing with 6 m bottles

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102
Q

What does Montefalco DOC produce

A

Sangiovese blended reds

and whites

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103
Q

What does Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG produce

A

only Dry Red and Sweet Red Passitos from Varietal Sangratino

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104
Q
  • Which statement about the wines of Montefalco are correct (all that apply)*
    a. varietal wines from Grechetto can be bottled under Montefalco Grechetto DOC
    b. Montefalco DOC covers a much larger area than Montefalco Sagratino DOCG
    c. Montefalco Bianco DOC must contain at least 50% Trebbiano Spolentino
    d. Montefalco Sagratino DOCG Passito is no longer in production
    e. Montefalco recently added Grechetto as a varietal
A

a. varietal wines from Grechetto can be bottled under the Montefalco Grechetto DOC
b. Montefalco DOC covers the same exact zone of production as Montefalco Sagratino DOCG
c. Montefalco Bianco must contain 50% Trebbiano Spolento
e. Montefalco recently added Grechetto as a varietal

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105
Q

Which statements about Orvieto wine are correct?

a. Orvieto DOC are Grechetto & Trebbiano Toscano Blends
b. Orvieto DOC allows only white wines
c. Orvieto’ classical designation mandates stricter production rules
d. Orvieto is Umbria’s largest and most productive DOC

A

a. Orvieto DOC are Grechetto & Trebbiano Toscano Blends
d. Orvieto is Umbria’s largest and most productive DOC

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106
Q

What are Umbria’s following soil types:

  1. Montefalco
  2. Southern Orvieto
  3. Torgiano
  4. Central & Northern Orvieto
A
  1. Montefalco - Lacustrine deposits of sans &/or clay
  2. Southern Orvieto - Volcanic tufo & basalt
  3. Torgiano - Sand and clay over limestone
  4. Central & Northern Orvieto - Clay
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107
Q

Grechetto di Todi is idential to which other variety of grape?

A

Pignoletto

108
Q
  • Which statement is correct?*
    a. international grapes are not allowed in Umbria
    b. 3/4 of Umbrian wines are white
    c. 3/4 of Umbrian wines are international varieties
    d. Umbria accounts for approximately 2% of Italy’s wine production
A
  • a. Merlot is 2nd most planted red*
  • b. Was traditionally white, but now 50/50*
  • c. native and traditional account for majority of vineyards*

d. 2%

109
Q

What is Umbria’s most imporant River?

A

Tevere River

110
Q

What statement is true?

a. Umbria grows mostly red varieties
b. Umbria’s vineyards are evenly divided between red and white grapes
c. Umbria grows mostly white varieties
d. International varieties are restricted in Umbria

A

b. Evenly divided

50/50 between red and white and Merlot is the 2nd most planted red, though most of vineyards are native varieties

111
Q

Which wine growing area is Giorgio Lungarotti associated?

A

Torgiano (Umbria)

Lungarotti was considered one of the most important wine making figures post WW2 (1950s) His labels Rubesco & Torre di Giano

112
Q

What is the governo winemaking method?

A

Adds semi-dried grapes to just vinted wine and used to start 2nd fermentation

Provides more body and alconol while making wines softer & more approachable

113
Q

Wines from Montefalco Rosso DOC are what type of blends?

A

Sangiovese

114
Q

What statement is false?

a. Orvieto is Umbria’s most exported wine
b. Orvieto DOC is shared between Umbria and Lazio
c. Conditions in Orvieto are favorable for the development of noble rot
d. Wines of Orvieto are aged in oak

A

d. Orvieto wines ARE NOT aged in oak

115
Q

Procanico is a synonym for which grape?

A

Trebbiano Toscano

116
Q

Which grape varieties are required to be in the Orvieto blend?

A

Grechetto and Procanico (Trebbiano Toscano)

117
Q

Which statement is false?

a. The Tevere is Umbria’s most important river
b. Lago Trasimena is Umbria’s largest lake
c. The Central Apeninnes do not run through Umbria
d. Umbria is Italy’s hilliest region

A

C. Central Apennines DO RUN through Umbria

118
Q

What is considered Umbria’s signature grape variety?

A

Sagrantino

119
Q

What is Lacustrine soil?

A

Deposits left from lakes

120
Q

Which soil type is not a match with its correct description?

a. Lacustrine - rock formed by lava
b. Tuffeau - marine limestone
c. Tufo - soft, volcanic rock
d. Tufa - calcium carbonate limestonea.

A

a. Lacustrine SOIL IS ASSOCIATE WITH LAKES eg dried lake bed soil

121
Q

What are the associated grapes with the following DOC/Gs

a. Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
b. Todi DOC
c. Montefalco DOC
d. Colli Martani
e. Spoleto DOC

A

a. Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG - Sangiovese
b. Todi DOC - Grechetto
c. Montefalco DOC - Sangiovese
d. Colli Martani - Grechetto
e. Spoleto DOC - Trebbiano Spoletino

122
Q

What styles of wine can be made under Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG?

A

Dry reds and sweet passitos from Sagrantino

123
Q

Orvieto appellation is share between

A

Umbria & Lazio

124
Q

What borders Puglia?

A

Molise

Basilicata

Campania

125
Q

What part of Puglia is the warmest?

A

Taranto Salento

126
Q

What topography dominates Puglia?

127
Q

What is Karst?

A

Shaped dissolution and erosion of rocks

Characterized by caves and sinkholes

Prominent on Murge Plateau

128
Q

What is the breakdown between red and white grapes in Puglia and what are the dominate?

A

Red 70% / White 30%

Sangiovese 15%, Primativo 14%, Negro Amaro 14%,

Montepulciano 11%

Trebbiano Toscano 7%

129
Q

What are Pulglia’s flagship grapes?

A

Primativo

Negro Amaro

Nero di Troia

130
Q

What are the white grapes of Puglia

A

Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Abruzzese - used for blending

Malvasia Bianca - used for varietal

Bombino Bianco & Verdeca

131
Q

When is Primativo usually harvested?

A

Late August / Early September

132
Q

Why is Primativo historically used for vino da taglio (bulk wine)?

A

It boosts alcohol and color

133
Q

Where is Primativo most distringuised?

A

Manduria (Tarranto province) and Gioia del Colle (Bari province)

134
Q

What areas are known for the following

Nero di Troia

Negro Amaro

Primativo

A

Nero di Troia - Castel del Monte

Negro Amaro - Salento

Primativo - Manduria

135
Q

What best defines the Murge?

A

A large karst, calcareous plateau

136
Q

Which statement is false?

a. Puglia is one of Italy’s warmest and driest regions
b. Puglia has a typical Mediterranean climate
c. Most of Puglia receives more than 100 inches of rain per year
d. Part of the Murge plateau receives snow in winter

A

c. Puglia receives very little rain

137
Q

Which is NOT included in Puglia’s most planted varieties?

Sangiovese

Nero Amaro

Primitivo

Aglianico

138
Q

What grape is not native to Puglia?

a. Nero di Troia
b. Primativo
c. Bombino Bianco
d. Verdeca

A

b. Primativo

139
Q

What are the synonyms for Primativo?

A

Zinfandel

Crjenak Kastelanski

Tribidrag

140
Q

Which is false?

a. Bombino Bianco is primarily used for sweet wine production
b. Bombino Bianco is ideal for sparkling wine production
c. Bombino Bianco is native to Puglia
d. Bombino Bianco is not related to Bombino Nero

A

a. it is not used in sweet wine production

141
Q

What is the definition of Salasso?

A

“Bleeding the tank” method of rosé production

142
Q

What type of wines is Puglia most known?

143
Q

What are the common grapes blended in Cacc’e mmitte di Lucrea DOC?

A

Nero di Troia and Bombino Bianco

144
Q

Which Puglia appellation is know for Bombino Bianco-based sparkling wines?

A

San Severo DOC

145
Q

What appellationis strictly for rosato wines in Puglia?

A

Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG

146
Q

What was Puglia’s first DOCG?

A

Primitivo de Manduria di Manduria Dolce Naturale

147
Q

What is not a characteristic of karst topography

a. eroded rock
b. deep, fertile topsoils
c. caves
d. sinkholes

A

b. deep, fertile topsoils

148
Q

Which statement is false?

a. Puglia is Italy’s least-mountainous region
b. Puglia is known as the EU’s “wine reservoir”
c. Puglia is Italy’s largest white wine producer
d. Puglia is best known for rosato

A

c. Puglia NOT Italy’s largest white wine producers in fact it produces mostly red

149
Q

What separates Puglia from Camapnia

A

Monti Dauni mountain range

150
Q

What is terra rossa?

A

Soils rich in iron oxide

151
Q

Pair the grapes with the DOC/G?

Castel del Monte

Castel del Monte

Manduria

Gioia del Colle

A

Castel del Monte - Nero di Troia

Castel del Monte - Bombino Nero

Manduria - Primitivo

Gioia del Colle - Primitivo

152
Q

What is significant about Cacc’e mmitte di Lucera DOC

A

The wines are blends of red and white grapes

153
Q

What Apulian appellation is most identified with the Murge plateau?

A

Castel del Monte DOC

154
Q

The San Severo DOC is known for:

a. Being Puglia’s northern-most DOC
b. Bombino Bianco-based sparkling wine
c. Being Puglia’s 1st DOC
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

155
Q

What is Cinque Rosé?

A

The 1st commercially bottled rosato of Italy

156
Q

What is Cacc e mmitte

A

“take out and put in”

157
Q

What is Marche’s most widely planted grape?

A

Sangiovese

158
Q

What does Lacrima translate to?

A

“Teardrop” - this refes to the fact that the skins break easily when the grapes are fully ripe, releasing “tears” of juice

159
Q

What grape is Vernaccia Nera most likely to be?

160
Q

Where are Sangiovese and Montepulciano generally planted?

A

Sangiovese in the North

and

Montepulciano in the South where it is warmer

161
Q

Lacrima and Vernaccia Nera are what type of grape?

A

Black grape

162
Q

Passerina and Verdicchio are what type of grape?

A

White grapes

163
Q

Where can you find:

Vernaccia Nera

Pecorino

Passerina

Lacrima

A

Vernaccia Nera - Planted around Serrapetrona

Pecorino - Native to Monti Sibillini

Passerina - Mainly planted around Offida

Lacrima - Native to Morro d’Alba

164
Q

Describe the following grapes:

Vernaccia Nera

Verdicchio

Passerina

Lacrima

A

Vernaccia Nera - Red Sparkling wines

Verdicchio - Well structured white wines

Passerina - Hardy, productive white grape

Lacrima - Aromatic red grape

165
Q

What are the synonyms for each

Verdicchio

Passerina

Pecorino

A

Verdicchio - Turbiana

Passerina - Pagadebito

Pecorino - Uva delle Pecore

166
Q

What does Castelli di Jesi overlap

A

Lacrima do Morro DOC

and Morro d’Alba which is one of the 22 villages of the winegrowing district

167
Q

What are the two notable rivers in Marche?

A

Misa River in the north

Esino River valley is roughly the historic winegrowing zone and classico

168
Q

To what does Riva Sinstra refer?

Riva Destra?

A

“Left Bank” of the Esino River in Marche

Grapes show different character depending on which bank

The North, Left Bank - Riva Sinistra- lower in elevation and warmer

Riva Destra - Right Bank - South and Higher in elevation

Wines are more linear and nervy with mineral character

169
Q

What appellation is found in the Camertina Valley?

A

Verdicchio di Matelica

170
Q

What is one of Italy’s smallest DOCG and what do they produce?

A

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona - Marche

Red Sparkling Wine

Goes through 3 fermentation

  1. Fresh grapes fermented
  2. semi-dried fermented

3, two wines blended and 3rd fermentation

Can be dolce (sweet) or secco (dry)

171
Q

What is Rosso Piceno DOC? Superiore

A

Produced from 35-85% Montepulciano / 15-50% Sangiovese

15% other approved reds are allowed

Varietal Sangiovese can be found Rosso Piceno Sangiovese DOC

Superiore, smaller subzone with lower yield and highers ABV. Not released until Nov 1 one year after harvest

172
Q

What is a “cru” for Montepulciano

A

Cònero DOCG - around Monte Cònero where Montepulciano performs very well here.

173
Q

Difference between Verdecchio di Castelli di Jesi DOC and Verdecchio Matellica?

A

VCDJ - Largest most productive DOC, Fruity, Floral, Lower Acidity wines. Shorter growing season, earlier harvest

Verdicchio Matellic - higher elevation, Uniform continental climate, Later harvest, in Campertina Valley, 1/10th production size

174
Q

Which mountain range is found in Marche?

A

Central Apennines

175
Q

What symbolizes Marche’s typical landscape?

A

Gentley rolling hills

176
Q

Marche’s most planted grape?

A

Sangiovese

177
Q

What is unique about Marche’s network of rivers?

A

Short rivers from Central Apennines that form gorges in the mountains

They flow parallel to each other and perpendicular to the coastline

178
Q

What grape variety is identical to Trebbiano di Soave?

A

Verdicchio

179
Q

What district surrounds Monte d’Acona promontory?

180
Q

What primary grape varieties are native to Marche and what are not?

a. Passerina
b. Verdicchio
c. Pecorino
d. Lacrima

A

Passerina, Pecorino and Lacrima are native

Verdicchio is native to Veneto

181
Q

What Marche appellation produces only red sparkling wines?

A

Vernacci di Serrapetrona DOCG

182
Q

What appellation is primarily based on Passerina?

A

Terre di Offida DOC

183
Q

What appellation is associated with an amphora- shaped bottle?

A

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC

184
Q

What grapes are allowed in the Offida Rosso DOCG?

A

Montepulciano & Cabernet Sauvignon

185
Q

What statement is true?

a. Almost 20% of Marche’s vineyards are organically farmed
b. Marche grows more whites than reds
c. Most Marche wines fall under IGT
d. Marche is responsible for 25% of Italy’s wine production

A

a. 20% organically farmed
b. red and white are divided almost evenly
c. DOC/G = 35% IGT = 30%
d. Marche’s is only 2%

186
Q

What district’s Classico zone roughly corresponds to the Esino River Valley?

A

Castelli di Jesi

187
Q

Which Marche appellation is the largest by production and area under vine?

A

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC

188
Q

What is one of Italy’s smallest areas under vine and production?

A

Basilicata

189
Q

Where is Mt Vulture located?

A

In Basilicata

190
Q

What is Basilicata’s most well known grape?

A

Aglianico 47% of production

Reds = >70%

191
Q

What seas do Basicata share a coast?

A

Ionia and Tyrrhenian Sea (Tirreno)

192
Q

Describe the soils of Basilicata?

a. Vulture
b. Central and Eastern Hills
c. Coastal Area
d. Easter area around Matera

A

a. Vulture - Dark volcanic
b. Central and Eastern Hills - Clay
c. Coastal Area - Sandy
d. Easter area around Matera - Limestone

193
Q

What are the biotypes of Aglianico?

A

Aglianico del Vulture - Basilicata

Aglianico di Taurasi - Irpinia, Campania

Aglianico del Taburno (or Amaro) - Sanno, Campania

194
Q

What is the traditional white grape found in Basilicata?

A

Malvasia Bianca di Basilicata

Small amounts used to soften Aglianico

Used in Matero & Grottino and IGT wines

Not Related to other Malvasia

195
Q

Are Malvasia grapes of different kinds related?

(eg Malvasia del Lazio, Malvasia Bianca di Basilicata, etc)

A

Most Malvasias are not related and distinct from each other

196
Q

Which of the statements is/are correct about Aglianico?

a. has thick skins
b. ripens late
c. grown in Basilicate and unrelated to Campania’s Aglianico
d. produces wines in low acidity and tannin
e. nicknamed “Barolo of the South”
f. has great intervarietal variability

A

a, b, e, f

a. Thick Skins
b. Ripens Late
e. Barolo of the South
f. Has large intervarietal differences

c. Aglianico has different variants but are related

d. Has High Acidity and Tannins

197
Q

What are the ageing requirements for:

Aglianico DOC

Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG

Aglianico del Vulture Superiore Riserva DOCG

A

100% Aglianico del Vulture

Aglianico DOC - 1 year before Sept 1 one-year after harvest - CAN BE MADE SPARKLING

Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG - 3 years total (2 years wood, 1 year bottle) cannot be released before Nov 1 - 3 years after harvest

Aglianico del Vulture Superiore Riserva DOCG - 5 years total (2 years wood, 1 year bottle) cannot be released before Nov 1 - 5 years after harvest

198
Q

What mountain range covers a lot of territory in Basilicata?

A

Southern Apennines

199
Q

What is Basilicata’s most widely planted grape?

A

Aglianico del Vulture

200
Q

What type of soil does Aglianico prefer?

201
Q

What statement is false?

a. Basilicata’s terrain is mostly flat plains
b. Basilicata has one of Italy’s smallest areas under vine
c. Basilicata borders both the Tyrrhenian and Ionian Seas
d. Red varieties account for more the 70% of grapevines

A

a. 47% Mountains / 45% hills

202
Q

What is grown around the ancient volcano Vulture and what is the second most planted grape in Basilicata?

A

Aglianico del Vulture

Sangiovese

203
Q

Which statement is false?

a. Aglianico del Vulture DOC must contain 100% Aglianico
b. Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG must contain 100% Aglianico
c. Oak aging is not mandatory for Aglianico del Vulture DOC or Superior DOCG
d. Both DOC / DOCG can append MGAs to their name on labels

A

c. Oak ageing of at least 1 year is required for Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG

204
Q

Marche uses a wood pecker on its coat of arms to honor which early civilization?

a. Romans
b. Greeks
c. Piceni
d. Senones

A

c. The Piceni

205
Q

What grape variety dominates Marche’s northern sector?

What grape dominates in the South?

A

Sangiovese

Montepulciano - needs warmer temperatures to ripen

206
Q

What wine district is not paired with its most prominent grape variety?

a. Morro d’Alba - Lacrima
b. Serrapetrona - Vernaccia Nera
c. Offida - Pecorino
d. Piceno - Passerina

A

d. Piceno - blends Montepulciano and Sangiovese

207
Q

Which Marche Appellation abuts the Adriatic Sea?

208
Q

Which statement is false?

a. Castelli di Jesi has cooler growing conditions than Matelica
b. Both Castelli di Jesi & Matelica must contain at least 85% Verdicchio
c. Matelica has homogenous growing conditions
d. Castelli produces 10x more wine than Matelica

A

a. Matelica is in the mountains so altitude and protected by Sea winds as its sits in a valley so has a cooler climate

209
Q

What was most responsible for the style shift of Verdicchio during the 1950s?

a. grapes were no longer fermented with skin contact
b. producers began to leave a little residual sugar in the wine
c. grape blends changed
d. producers began to ferment the wines in oak

A

a. grapes were no longer fermented with skin contact

210
Q

How many regions border Lazio and what are they?

A

6

Toscana, Umbria, Marche, Abruzzo, Molise, Campania

211
Q

What is the break down of Lazio’s topography?

A

Hills 54%

Mountains 26%

Plains 20%

212
Q

What areas have volcanic soils?

A

Volsini, Cimini, Sabatini, Colli Albani

213
Q

Which area in Lazio is know for Limestone soils?

A

Frosinone / Latina

214
Q

What is the most planted black and white grapes grown in Lazio?

A

Merlot (7%)

Malvasia Bianco di Candia (15%)

215
Q

What is the most widely planted Malvasia in Italy?

A

Malvasia Bianca di Candia

216
Q

What is Malvasia del Lazio also known as and why?

A

Malvasia Puntinata (“Dotted”)

Berries have darks specks that appear on the skin when ripening

217
Q

What is the cross for Malvasia del Lazio?

A

Distinctive within Malvasia - Cross between Muscat Alexandria (Zibibbo) and Schiava Grossa

218
Q

What is Muscat of Alexandria known as in Italy?

219
Q

What is the Native Black grape only grown in Lazio?

A

Cesanese

Near Castelli Romani (south of Rome)

220
Q

What is Trebbiano Toscano known in Lazio?

221
Q

Which mountain is not among Lazio’s volcano’s?

a. Mt Volsini
b. Mt Pontino
c. Mt Cimini
d. Mt Sabatini

A

b. Not a mountain - Pontino - is actually Agro Pontino which are plains

222
Q

What is Lazio’s most planted grape?

A

Malvasia Bianca di Candia

223
Q

Orvieto DOC is shared between which provinces

A

Umbria and Lazio

224
Q

Which wine is historically associate with Rome?

225
Q

What Lazio wine is most likely to be botrytized?

A

Cannellio di Frascati

226
Q

Malvasia del Lazio is a natural cross between?

A

Muscat de Alexandria dn Schiava Grossa

227
Q

Why is Malvasia del Lazio called “Puntinata”?

A

Black specs appear on the grape skins as the grape ripens

228
Q

Which statement is false?

a. Cesanse is native to Lazio
b. Grechetto is Lazio’s most planted grape
c. White grapes comprise 70% of Lazio’s vines
d. Merlot is Lazio’s most planted red grape

A

b Grechetto which is very minor plantings other than Orvieto

229
Q

What Lazio appellation produces only sweet late-harvest wines?

A

Cannellio di Frascati DOCG

230
Q

Which Lazio appellation is located in the foothills of the Central Apennines?

A

Cesanese del Piglio DOCG

231
Q

What borders Calabria?

A

Basilicata

Sicily

Tyrrhenian Sea

Ionian Sea

232
Q

What is Calabria’s topology?

A

Hills -49%

Mountains - 42%

Plains - 9%

233
Q

What is Calabria’s driest area?

A

On the Ionian Coast

234
Q

What is the break down for red and white grapes in Calabria and what is the signature red and white?

A

Red - 90% White - 10%

Gaglioppo - 55%

Greco Bianco - 4%

235
Q

What is the signature grape of Calabria?

A

Gaglioppo - means “beautiful foot” in Greek

But is native to Calabria

Cirò DOC

236
Q

What strait separates Calabria and Sicily?

A

Straits di Messina

237
Q

Calabrian Greco Bianco is genetically identical to what grape?

A

Malvasia di Lipari (and therefore Malvasia di Sardegna)

238
Q

What is the name used to identify the true Greco Bianco?

A

Greco Bianco di Gerace - used to distinguish from other named Greco Bianco’s that are not related

Ideal for sweet dessert wines in passito style (air dried)

239
Q

What is one of Italy’s oldest grapes and Calabria’s most planted?

A

Gaglioppo (13th c AD)

Native to Calabria with Greek name “beautiful foot”

240
Q

What wines can be made under Cirò DOC?

A

Rosso

Bianco

Rosso Classico

Riserva

241
Q

What mountain range runs down the center of Calabria

A

Southern Apennines

242
Q

What statement is false?

a. more than half of Calabria’s vineyards are dedicated to Gaglioppo
b. 80% of Calabrian wine is red
c. most of Calabria’s wine productino is made under “wine without origin” category
d. most of Calabria’s wine production is made under the DOC category

A

d. DOC production is around 30% (IGT 10%)

243
Q

Which statement is false

a. Greco di Bianco wines are dry
b. Greco di Bianco DOC produces passito wines
c. Greco di Bianco DOC lies on the Ionian Coast
d. Greco di Bianco wines are semi-sweet to sweet

A

a. Greco wine are sweet and use passito

244
Q

What grapes are used for the following Cirò DOC wines

Bianco

Rosato

Rosso

A

Bianco - Greco Bianco

Rosato - Gaglioppo

Rosso - Gaglioppo

245
Q

Which statement is false about Calabria?

a. Tyrrhanian Sea borders to west
b. Basilicata borders its north
c. is separated from Sicilia by Strait of Messina
d. forms Italy’s heel in the boot

A

d. Calabria is the toe of Italy

246
Q

Which statement is false?

a. Greco Bianco is identical to Malvasia Lipari
b. 90% of Calabria’s vines are red varieties
c. Gaglioppo is featured in most Calabrian DOCs
d. Primativo is Calabria’s second most important red variety

A

d. Magliocco is the second most important not Primativo

247
Q

Where are old and ungrafted vines common?

248
Q

What winemaking is commonly used in Fiano di Avellino and what are the four areas

A

Mostly site specific bottlings

Lapio - most DOCG, pronounced aromatic

Montefredane - intensely mineral, high acid, long-lived

Summonte - powerful concentrated

Cesinali - approachable, delicate, less structured

249
Q

Who were the original native people of Sardegna?

A

Nuragic People from 1800 - 1500 BC

250
Q

What are the bodies of water surrounding Sardegna?

A

In middle of Western Med

Tyrrhenian Sea

Mar di Sardegna (west)

Bocche di Bonifacio (strait between Sardegna and Corsica)

251
Q

What is topology of Sardegna

A

82% Hills and Mountains

Hills - 68% found in the West

Plains - 18%

Mountain - 14% found in east

252
Q

What type of mountains and name the range in Sardegna?

A

The Gennargentu Massif - Eroded granitic mountains in the east

253
Q

What is the largest plain in Western Sardegna

A

Campidano Plain - hilly with limestone formations

254
Q

What are the 3 primary grapes brought to Sardegna from Spain?

A

Cannonau = Garnacha

Carignano = Muzuelo (Carignan)

Bovele Sardo = Graciano

255
Q

What are the synonyms for Cannonau in Italy?

A

Alicante - Toscana

Tocai Rossi - Veneto

Gamay del Trasimeno or Gamay Perugino - Umbria in Lake Trasimeno

256
Q

Cannonau is identical to what grap and grown where?

A

Garnacha

Nuoro province in East-Central Sardenga

257
Q

Vermentino is identical to what grape and grown where?

A

Favorita

Grown in Gallura

258
Q

Where are Malvasia di Sardegna and Vernaccia di Oristano respectively grown?

A

Malvasia di Sardegna is grown in Bosa and Cagliari

Vernaccia di Oristano is grown in the Western coast along the Tirso River

259
Q

What is Monica

A

An ancient red grape of unknown origin

One of the most widely planted

High yielding so initially left to grown uncheck for cheap table wine

No restricted yields, attractive wines with Wild Berries

Soft and round on the palate

260
Q

What are the 3 sub regions of Cannonau di Sardenga DOC

A

3 subzones

  1. Nepente di Oliena - small, E-Central Sardenga within Supramonte;
  2. Jerzu within Ogliastra;
  3. Capo Ferrato - SE coast, Sarrabus sub region, includes 5 villages in Sub Sardegna
261
Q

What is the only principal appellation for Vermentino?

A

Vermentino di Gallura DOCG

262
Q

What is the challenge with granite soils found in Sardegna?

A

Ideal for local grape Vermentino since it restricts yields, but limited water holding capacity, requires irrigation during hot and dry weather

263
Q

Who is the 3rd largest producer of cork (sughero) behing Spain and Portugal?

A

Calangianus, Sardegna in the middle of Gallura

264
Q

What Sardegna DOC only allows Vermetino to be produced as frizzante?

A

Alghero DOC in Sassari Province

265
Q

When did Rome fall?

Italian Wine Scholar Unit 2 TB (49 decks)

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