Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patho > Test 4 musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Test 4 musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

is a break in the continuity of a bone

A

fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the bone is broken all the way through

A

complete fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the bone is damaged but still in one piece

A

incomplete fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fracture where the skin is intact

A

closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

fracture where the skin is broken

A

open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when a bone breaks in more than two fragments

A

comminuted fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fracture line runs parallel to the long axis of bone

A

linear fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fracture line at an angle to long axis of bone

A

oblique fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fracture line encircling bone (as a spiral staircase)

A

spiral fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

horizontal break through bone

A

transverse fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

fracture fragments are pushed into each other

A

impacted fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

fracture occurs as a bone is weakened by disease

A

pathological fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

fractures cause by low level trauma

A

Fragility fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

break in one cortex of bone

A

greenstick fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

bucking of bone cortex with no break

A

torus fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bending of the bone

A

bowing fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Micro fracture caused by stress

A

stress fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

abnormal stress

A

fatigue stress fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

abnormal bone

A

insufficiency stress fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Separation of articular cartilage from main shaft of bone

A

transchondral fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

first the bone is aligned then it is kept under traction then a cast is put on after the swelling is gone

A

closed manipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

go in with surgery and move bone back into position and sometimes scores and plates are used

A

open manipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

is failure of the bone ends to grow together

A

nonunion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

is union that does not occur until approximately 8-9 months after fracture

A

delayed union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

is the healing of a bone in a non anatomic position

A

malunion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

false joint

A

pseudarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Temporary displacement of two bones

Loss of contact between articular cartilage

A

dislocation

28
Q

contact between articular surfaces is only partially lost

A

subluxation

29
Q

connects muscle to bone

A

tendon

30
Q

connects bone to bone

A

ligaments

31
Q

Tear or injury to a tendon

A

Strain

32
Q

tear or injury to a ligament

A

sprain

33
Q

complete separation of a tendon or ligament from its bony attachment site

A

Avulsion

34
Q

inflammation of the tendon

A

tendinitis

35
Q

inflammation of the bursa

A

bursitis

36
Q

is caused by a wound infection from inside the bursa

A

septic bursitis

37
Q

inflammation of a tendon where it attaches to a bone

A

epicondylitis

38
Q

tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis

39
Q

Golfers elbow

A

medial epicondylitis

40
Q

is the repaid breakdown of muscle that causes the release of intercellular contents, including protein pigment myoglobin, into intracellular space and bloodstream

A

rhabdomyolysis (myoglobinuria)

41
Q

is a disease in which bone tissue is normally mineralized but the mass (density of bone) is decreased and the structural integrity if trabecular bone is impaired

A

osteoporosis

42
Q

normal bone density

A

833

43
Q

osteopenic bone density

A

833-648

44
Q

osteoporosis bone density

A

less than 648

45
Q

occurs in middle aged and older women

It can occur because of estrogen deficiency as well as estrogen-independent age-related mechanisms

A

postmenopausal osteoporosis

46
Q

osteoporosis confined to a region or segment of the appendicular skeleton

A

regional osteoporosis

47
Q

Deficiency of vitamin D lowers the absorption of calcium from the intestines
Inadequate od delayed mineralization
Bone formation progresses to osteoid formation but calcification does not occur, the result is soft bones

A

Osteomalacia

48
Q

Excessive resorption of spongey bone and accelerated formation of softened bone

A

Paget disease (osteitis deformans)

49
Q

is a bone infection most often caused by bacteria

A

osteomyelitis

50
Q

is an infection that enters from outside the body (open wound)

A

exogenous osteomyelitis

51
Q

from a blood borne infection

A

endogenous osteomyelitis

52
Q

bone tumor that originates from bone cell

A

osteogenic

53
Q

bone tumor that originates from cartilage

A

chrondrogenic

54
Q

bone tumor that originates from fibrous tissue

A

collagenic

55
Q

bone tumor that originated from marrow or vascular tissue

A

myelogenic

56
Q

common age related disorder of synovial joints

Degeneration and loss of articular cartilage, sclerosis of bone underneath cartilage, and formation of bone spurs

A

osteoarthritis

57
Q

characterized by inflammatory damage or destruction in the synovial membrane or articular cartilage and by systemic signs f inflammation

A

inflammatory joint disease (arthritis)

58
Q

Inflammatory joint disease
Systemic autoimmune damage to connective tissue, primarily in the joints
Joint fluid presents with inflammatory exudate

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

59
Q

Inflammatory joint disease of the spine or sacroiliac joints causing stiffening and fusion of the joints
Systemic, immune inflammatory disease

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

60
Q

metabolic disorder that disrupts the bodes control of uric acid production or excretion

A

Gout

61
Q

Muscle fiber shortening without an action potential

Caused by failure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (calcium pump) even with available ATP

A

contracture

62
Q

Neck stiffness, back pain, clenching teeth, hand grip, and headache
associated with chronic anxiety

A

stress induced muscle tension

63
Q

chronic widespread joint and muscle pain

A

fibromyalgia

64
Q

reduction in the normal size of muscle cells due to prolonged inactivity

A

disuse atrophy

65
Q

Generalized muscle inflammation mediated by T cells

A

Polymyositis

66
Q

polymyositis accompanied with skin rash, humorally mediated

A

Dermaromyositis

Patho (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions