Test 1 chapter 3

Question 1

the movement of fluid back and forth across the capillary wall

Answer 1

net filtration

Question 2

pushing

Answer 2

hydrostatic pressure

Question 3

pulling

Answer 3

oncotic pressure

Question 4

facilitates the outward movement of water from the capillary to the interstitial space

Answer 4

capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure)

Question 5

osmotically attracts water from the interstitial space back into the capillary

Answer 5

capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure

Question 6

facilitates the inward movement of water from interstitial space into the capillary

Answer 6

interstitial hydrostatic pressure

Question 7

osmotically attracts water from the capillary into the interstitial space

Answer 7

interstitial oncotic pressure

Question 8

is usually limited to the site of tissue injury

Ex. cerebral edema and pulmonary edema

Answer 8

localized edema

Question 9

side effects of edema

Answer 9

weight gain
swelling
puffiness
impaired wound healing

Question 10

rx of edema

Answer 10

elevation
compression
decrease in sodium intake
diuretics 
underlying cause

Question 11

refers to a solution that has the same concentration of solutes as the plasma

Answer 11

isotonic

Question 12

develop when the osmolality of the ECF is elevated above normal

Answer 12

hypertonic fluid alteration

Question 13

intercellular dehydration

Answer 13

hypovolemia

Question 14

causes of edema

Answer 14

increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
decreased plasma protein
increased capillary permeability
lymph obstruction

Question 15

causes of water deficit

Answer 15

hyperglycemia
severe diarrhea
diabetes insipidis

Question 16

if extracellular concentrations increase without a significant change in the intracellular K concentration the resting membrane potential becomes more positive and the cell membrane is

Answer 16

hypopolarized

Question 17

restores normal neuromuscular irritability

Answer 17

Ca gluconate

Question 18

exchanges sodium for potassium

Answer 18

cation exchange resins

Question 19

is elicited by tapping on the facial nerve just below the temple
A positive sign is a twitch of the nose or lip

Answer 19

chvostek sign

Question 20

is contraction of the and and fingers when the arterial blood flow in the are is occluded for 5 min

Answer 20

Trousseau sign

Question 21

calcium levels are less lag 8.5

Answer 21

hypocalcemia

Question 22

RX for hypocalcemia

Answer 22

Ca replacement

decrease in HPO4 intake

Question 23

calcium levels are greater than 12

Answer 23

hypercalcemia

Question 24

Rx for hypercalcemia

Answer 24

oral HPO4 if renal function is WNL

IV naCl to increase renal excretion

Question 25

normal arterial blood pH

Answer 25

7.35-7.45

Question 26

How do you obtain blood pH

Answer 26

arterial blood gas

Question 27

systemic increase in H concentration

Answer 27

acidosis

Question 28

systemic decrease in H concentration

Answer 28

alkalosis

Question 29

respiratory component

Answer 29

PaCO2

Question 30

metabolic component

Answer 30

HCO3

Question 31

increase in PCO2

Answer 31

respiratory acidosis

Question 32

decrease in PCO2

Answer 32

respiratory alkalosis

Question 33

decrease in HCO3

Answer 33

metabolic acidosis

Question 34

increase in HCO3

Answer 34

metabolic alkalosis