Test 1 chapter 3 Flashcards
the movement of fluid back and forth across the capillary wall
net filtration
pushing
hydrostatic pressure
pulling
oncotic pressure
facilitates the outward movement of water from the capillary to the interstitial space
capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure)
osmotically attracts water from the interstitial space back into the capillary
capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure
facilitates the inward movement of water from interstitial space into the capillary
interstitial hydrostatic pressure
osmotically attracts water from the capillary into the interstitial space
interstitial oncotic pressure
is usually limited to the site of tissue injury
Ex. cerebral edema and pulmonary edema
localized edema
side effects of edema
weight gain
swelling
puffiness
impaired wound healing
rx of edema
elevation compression decrease in sodium intake diuretics underlying cause
refers to a solution that has the same concentration of solutes as the plasma
isotonic
develop when the osmolality of the ECF is elevated above normal
hypertonic fluid alteration
intercellular dehydration
hypovolemia
causes of edema
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
decreased plasma protein
increased capillary permeability
lymph obstruction
causes of water deficit
hyperglycemia
severe diarrhea
diabetes insipidis
if extracellular concentrations increase without a significant change in the intracellular K concentration the resting membrane potential becomes more positive and the cell membrane is
hypopolarized
restores normal neuromuscular irritability
Ca gluconate
exchanges sodium for potassium
cation exchange resins
is elicited by tapping on the facial nerve just below the temple
A positive sign is a twitch of the nose or lip
chvostek sign
is contraction of the and and fingers when the arterial blood flow in the are is occluded for 5 min
Trousseau sign
calcium levels are less lag 8.5
hypocalcemia
RX for hypocalcemia
Ca replacement
decrease in HPO4 intake
calcium levels are greater than 12
hypercalcemia
Rx for hypercalcemia
oral HPO4 if renal function is WNL
IV naCl to increase renal excretion
