Test 3 Endocrine

Question 1

Function of endocrine glands

Answer 1

synthesize, store, and release hormones into blood

Question 2

Hormones of the Hypothalamus gland and their target cells

Answer 2

Thyrotropin-releasing TRH
Corticotropin-releasing CRH
Anterior pituitary

Question 3

Hormones of the anterior pituitary gland and their target cells

Answer 3

Adrenocorticotropic ACTH Adrenal cortex

Thyroid-stimulating TSH thyroid

Question 4

Hormones of the posterior pituitary and their target cells

Answer 4

Antidiuretic(vasopressin) ADH

kidney

Question 5

Hormones of the thyroid gland and their target cells

Answer 5

Thyroxine T4
triiodothyronie T3
systemic cells

Question 6

Hormones of the adrenal cortex and their target cells

Answer 6

mineralcorticosteroids (aldosterone) kidneys

Glucocorticoids (cortisol) most tissues

Question 7

Hormones of the pancreas and their target cells

Answer 7

insulin

muscles, tissues

Question 8

problems that occur when their is lack of negative feedback inhibition

Answer 8

excessive hormone production

Failure of “turn off” system

Question 9

Gland destruction (infection, tumor compression, autoimmune attack)
Hormone production genetic defect (gene deletion/mutation, enzymatic deficit)
EX: DM, congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 9

Hormone deficiency

Question 10

Gland overproduction, nonendocrine tissue or tumore production
EX: cushings syndrome, anabolic steroid abuse, Graves disease

Answer 10

hormone excess

Question 11

Aberrant increase in hormone level which causes a decrease in available receptors
EX: DM, type 2

Answer 11

hormone resistance

Question 12

ADH insufficiency

Answer 12

Diabetes insipidus

Question 13

3 types of diabetes insipidus

Answer 13

Neurogenic
Nephrogenic
Dipsogenic

Question 14

Insufficient amounts of ADH

Lesion of hypothalamus, pituitary stalk, posterior pituitary

Answer 14

Neurogenic

Question 15

Inadequate response to ADH

Genetic or acquired

Answer 15

nephrogenic

Question 16

decrease in plasma osmolarity- below threshold

Excessive fluid intake

Answer 16

Dipsogenic

Question 17

RX for neurogenic DI

Answer 17

ADH replacement (synthetic vasopressin)

Question 18

RX for nephrogenic DI

Answer 18

reverse underlying disorder
Replace electrolytes
Thiazide in moderation

Question 19

Lab tests for DI

Answer 19

urine specific gravity 300

Question 20

Excess ADH secretion which leads to H2O intoxication and hyponatremia

Answer 20

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone SIADH

Question 21

Lab test for SIADH

Answer 21

serum Na

Question 22

inadequate production of TH or hormone resistance

Answer 22

hypothyroidism

Question 23

Lack of TH negative feedback on pituitary TSH secretion and hypothalamic TRH secretion
LOw levels of TH and high elves of TSH and TRH

Answer 23

primary thyroid malfunction

Question 24

Lack of negative feedback to hypothalamic release of TRH by TSH and thyroid TH
Low levels of TSH and TH and high levels of TRH

Answer 24

pituitary malfunction

Question 25

Decreased TRH | Low levels of TRH, TSH, and TH

Answer 25

hypothalamic malfunction

Question 26

is a diminished level of consciousness associated with sever hypothyroidism

Answer 26

myxedema coma

Question 27

Thyroid gland over activity | Too much T4

Answer 27

hyperthyroidism

Question 28

increased TH decreased TSH | primary or secondary hyperthyroidism?

Answer 28

Primary

Question 29

Increased TH and TSH | primary or secondary hyperthyroidism

Answer 29

secondary

Question 30

Decreased cortisol | Caused by autoimmune adrenal cortex distraction or Acute steroid withdrawal

Answer 30

Addison Disease

Question 31

Clinical manifestations of addison disease

Answer 31

Addisonian crisis Pigmentation decreased serum Na increased serum K