test 3 - CV system pt2

Question 1

the heart is located in which body cavity?

Answer 1

thoracic cavity in the mediastinum

Question 2

the lungs sit in which body cavity?

Answer 2

thoracic cavity - each in their own pleural cavity

Question 3

the heart is slightly rotated to the _____

Answer 3

left

Question 4

the _____ makes up the right wall of the heart

Answer 4

right atrium

Question 5

the _____ makes up the inferior border of the heart

Answer 5

right ventricle

Question 6

the _____ makes up the left border of the heart

Answer 6

left ventricle

Question 7

the ____ is tucked behind the heart due to the rotation of the heart

Answer 7

left atrium

Question 8

what is the role of the fibrous layer of the pericardium?

Answer 8

support the heart in the mediastinum

Question 9

what is the most outer layer of the pericardium?

Answer 9

fibrous pericardium

Question 10

which layer of pericardium is found deep to the fibrous pericardium?

Answer 10

parietal layer of the serous pericardium

Question 11

what is found between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium?

Answer 11

pericardial space/cavity

Question 12

what is another term for visceral layer of serous pericardium?

Answer 12

epicardium

Question 13

functional syncytium - def

Answer 13

contraction/depolarization of one myocyte will cause contraction of other cells throughout the myocardium

Question 14

which layer of the heart wall is continuous with the great vessels?

Answer 14

endocardium

Question 15

how do the inner linings of the atria differ from the ventricles?

Answer 15

atria - smooth

ventricles - rough

Question 16

what type of muscle is cardiac muscle?

Answer 16

involuntary striated muscles

Question 17

intercalated discs - def

Answer 17

fibrous structure bonding cells together

Question 18

function of gap junction

Answer 18

get muscle cells of heart to function as one unit

Question 19

label superficial heart anatomy model

Answer 19

lab 6 page 3

Question 20

trabeculae carnae - def

Answer 20

rough surface of ventricular walls

Question 21

all valves in the heart are passive

true or false?

Answer 21

true

Question 22

which arteries supply the heart with blood?

Answer 22

coronary arteries

Question 23

label coronary blood vessels

Answer 23

lab 6 page 5 and 6

Question 24

which artery is the main blood supply for the heart in most people?

Answer 24

posterior interventricular which comes off the right coronary artery (some people, it branches to the left)

Question 25

the superior and inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus all get emptied where?

Answer 25

right atrium

Question 26

the heart needs NS stimulation to contract

true or false?

Answer 26

false

Question 27

describe the conduction pathway of the heart

Answer 27

• SA node - pacemaker of the heart - depolarizes - causes contraction of atria
• impulse goes through internal pathway to AV node - slows electrical impulse to make sure atria don’t contract at the same time as ventricles
• impulse reaches inter ventricular septum
• purkinje fibers - ventricles contract

Question 28

how does the sympathetic NS regulate HR (pathway)?

Answer 28

pathway:

• sympathetic preganglionic fiber
• sympathetic ganglia (cervical and superior thoracic ganglia T1-T4)
• sympathetic postganglionic fiber
• cardiac nerve

Question 29

how does the parasympathetic NS regulate HR (pathway)?

Answer 29

• parasympathetic preganglionic fiber
• synapses in cardiac plexus
• parasympathetic postgaglionic fibers