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KIN 3320 > Autonomic NS > Flashcards

Autonomic NS Flashcards

1
Q

the sympathetic NS is also called the _______ division

A

thoracolumbar

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2
Q

where do the preganglionic neuron cell bodies originate in the sympathetic NS?

A

-lateral horns of the spinal segments T1-L2

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3
Q

synapses in the sympathetic NS can happen in 3 places. What are they?

A

1) sympathetic trunk
2) collateral ganglia
3) adrenal medulla

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4
Q

describe the sympathetic trunk synapse: sympathetic trunk

A
  • longest tract
  • runs right down side of spine
  • ganglia are made up of fibres ascending or descending from T1-L2
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5
Q

describe the sympathetic trunk synapse: collateral ganglia

A

-3 ganglia (celiac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric)

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6
Q

describe the sympathetic trunk synapse: adrenal medulla

A
  • celiac ganglion - 1 really long pre-ganglionic neuron travels to adrenal medulla
  • not traditional ganglia - synapses directly in organ itself
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7
Q

______ preganglionic neurons are shorter than post

A

sympathetic

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8
Q

______ preganglionic neurons are longer than post

A

parasympathetic

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9
Q

in the ______ NS, preganglionic neurons are myelinated and postganglionic neurons are not

A

sympathetic

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10
Q

what are the 3 collateral ganglia in the sympathetic trunk?

A

1) celiac (superior)
2) superior mesenteric
3) inferior mesenteric (inferior)

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11
Q

what is the function of splanchnic nerves?

A

carry info from preganglionic axons to collateral ganglia

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12
Q

what are the 3 splanchnic nerves?

A
  • greater
  • lesser
  • lumbar
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13
Q

preganglionic axons synapsing to adrenal medulla pass directly through _____ ganglia

A

celiac

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14
Q

what body cavity do the celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia lie in?

A

abdominopelvic cavity

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15
Q

which 2 neurotransmitters does the adrenal medulla release?

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

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16
Q

axons from what neurons innervate the adrenal medulla?

A

axons from preganglionic neurons that pass through the celiac ganglia

17
Q

the parasympathetic nervous system is also referred to as the _____ division

A

craniosacral

18
Q

which 4 cranial nerves do parasympathetic fibres originate from?

A

III, VII, IX, X

19
Q

what portion of the brain do do the CNs that innervate parasympathetic fibres originate from?

A

III - midbrain
VII - pons
IX, X - medulla

all 3 regions of the brainstem

20
Q

the largest amount of parasympathetic outflow comes from which CN?

A

vagus (X) (or cell bodies from sacral area

21
Q

which has a more localized effects? sympathetic or parasympathetic division? why?

A

parasympathetic - because their preganglionic fibres are long so they release neurotransmitters closer to target organs/effectors

22
Q

which parasympathetic neurons are found within the CNS?

A

preganglionic

23
Q

where do the cell bodies of parasympathetic neurons lie?

A

ventral horn (different from sympathetic)

24
Q

what are the 4 parasympathetic ganglia from superior to inferior?

A
  • pterygopalatine
  • ciliary
  • submandibular
  • otic
25
Q

which neurotransmitters are released from the pre and postganglionic neurons from the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS?

A

parasympathetic:

  • pre: ACh
  • post: ACh

sympathetic:

  • pre: ACh
  • post: ACh/NE
26
Q

visceral reflex - def

A

autonomic reflexes initiated by the viscera
-provide automatic motor responses that can be modified, facilitated, or inhibited by higher centres (especially hypothalamus)

27
Q

describe the path of a long visceral reflex

A

1) stimulus stimulates receptors in peripheral tissue
2) impulse travels up afferent sensory fibre
3) processing center in SC (or brainstem)
4) impulse travels through preganglionic neuron
5) stimulation of autonomic ganglion (sympathetic or parasympathetic)
6) impulse travels through postganglionic neuron
7) response in peripheral effector

28
Q

describe the path of a short visceral reflex

A

1) stimulus stimulates receptors in peripheral tissue
2) impulse reaches afferent sensory fibres
3) impulse reaches autonomic ganglion (sympathetic or parasympathetic)
4) impulse reaches postganglionic neuron
5) response in peripheral effector

DOES NOT REACH SC

KIN 3320 (19 decks)

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